Excess Weight, Polygenic Risk Score, and Findings of Colorectal Neoplasms at Screening Colonoscopy.

Introduction: Excess weight is an established risk factor of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, evidence is lacking on how its impact varies by polygenic risk at different stages of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Methods: We assessed the individual and joint associations of body mass index (BMI) and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) with findings of colorectal neoplasms among 4,784 participants of screening colonoscopy.

Outcomes with General Anesthesia Compared to Conscious Sedation for Endovascular Treatment of Medium Vessel Occlusions: Results of an International Multicentric Study.

Background: Optimal anesthetic strategy for the endovascular treatment of stroke is still under debate. Despite scarce data concerning anesthetic management for medium and distal vessel occlusions (MeVOs) some centers empirically support a general anesthesia (GA) strategy in these patients.

Methods: We conducted an international retrospective study of MeVO cases.

The effects of resistance training on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in middle-aged adults.

Denervated myofibers and senescent cells are hallmarks of skeletal muscle aging. However, sparse research has examined how resistance training affects these outcomes. We investigated the effects of unilateral leg extensor resistance training (2 days/week for 8 weeks) on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in apparently healthy middle-aged participants (MA, 55 ± 8 years old, 17 females, 9 males).

In Vitro Exploration of Dark Cytotoxicity of Anthocyanin-Curcumin Combination, A Herbal Photosensitizer.

Background: Photodynamic therapy can be used to treat a variety of lesions noninvasively, including oral cancer. High-power laser therapy has also been used to treat oral squamous cell carcinomas. The two main components of photodynamic treatment are the photosensitizer and the light source.

Factors Associated With Coronary Angiography Performed Within 6 Months of Randomization to the Conservative Strategy in the ISCHEMIA Trial.

Background: ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches) did not find an overall reduction in cardiovascular events with an initial invasive versus conservative management strategy in chronic coronary disease; however, there were conservative strategy participants who underwent invasive coronary angiography early postrandomization (within 6 months). Identifying factors associated with angiography in conservative strategy participants will inform clinical decision-making in patients with chronic coronary disease.

Methods: Factors independently associated with angiography performed within 6 months of randomization were identified using Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazard models, including demographics, region of randomization, medical history, risk factor control, symptoms, ischemia severity, coronary anatomy based on protocol-mandated coronary computed tomography angiography, and medication use.

Circulating Immune Landscape Profiling in Psoriasis Vulgaris and Psoriatic Arthritis by Mass Cytometry.

Background: Psoriasis, a systemic disorder mediated by the immune system, can appear on the skin, joints, or both. Individuals with cutaneous psoriasis (PsC) have an elevated risk of developing psoriatic arthritis (PsA) during their lifetime. Despite this known association, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this progression remain unclear.

Forecasting Fetal Buprenorphine Exposure through Maternal-Fetal Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.

Buprenorphine readily crosses the placenta, and with greater prenatal exposure, neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) likely grows more severe. Current dosing strategies can be further improved by tailoring doses to expected NOWS severity. To allow the conceptualization of fetal buprenorphine exposure, a maternal-fetal physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for sublingual buprenorphine was developed using Simcyp (v21.

Utilizing the AJCC 8 Staging to Discriminate Survival Outcomes in HPV-associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging 8th edition introduced major changes in the TNM staging of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) based on the human papillomavirus (HPV) status. This study aimed to observe how well the AJCC staging 8 edition precisely discriminates survival outcomes in patients with HPV-associated OPSCC using a large population database.

Materials And Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2016, 7,448 patients with HPV-associated OPSCC were enrolled.

Abundant pleiotropy across neuroimaging modalities identified through a multivariate genome-wide association study.

Genetic pleiotropy is abundant across spatially distributed brain characteristics derived from one neuroimaging modality (e.g. structural, functional or diffusion magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]).

Quality of Outpatient Pediatric Palliative Care Telehealth: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Context: Studies suggest the feasibility and acceptability of telehealth in outpatient pediatric palliative care. However, there is a need for data that describes the implementation and quality of telehealth, relying on objective and validated measures.

Objective: We sought to compare the provision of pediatric palliative care by delivery method.

Bacterial DNA Translocation Is Associated With Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy and Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis.

Introduction: Data on the relationship between bacterial translocation, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and mortality are scarce. This study aimed to assess the association between bacterial DNA (bactDNA) translocation, inflammatory response, ammonia levels, and severity of HE in patients with cirrhosis, as well as the role of bactDNA translocation in predicting mortality.

Methods: Cirrhotic patients without bacterial infection were prospectively enrolled between June 2022 and January 2023.

Intravenous Alteplase Versus Best Medical Therapy for Patients With Minor Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The efficacy of thrombolysis (IVT) in minor stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, 0-5) remains inconclusive. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of IVT with best medical therapy (BMT) by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to obtain articles related to IVT in minor stroke from inception until August 10, 2023.

Remote Ischemic Conditioning With Medical Management or Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a low-cost, accessible, and noninvasive neuroprotective treatment strategy, but its efficacy and safety in acute ischemic stroke are controversial. With the publication of several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the recent results of the RESIST trial, it may be possible to identify the patient population that may (or may not) benefit from RIC. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of RIC in patients with ischemic stroke receiving different treatments by pooling data of all randomized controlled studies to date.

Comparable safety and non-inferior immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate PTX-COVID19-B and BNT162b2 in a phase 2 randomized, observer-blinded study.

In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 into a seasonal pathogen along with the emergence of new variants, underscores the need for dynamic and adaptable responses, emphasizing the importance of sustained vaccination strategies. This observer-blind, double-dummy, randomized immunobridging phase 2 study (NCT05175742) aimed to compare the immunogenicity induced by two doses of 40 μg PTX-COVID19-B vaccine candidate administered 28 days apart, with the response induced by two doses of 30 µg Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2), administered 21 days apart, in Nucleocapsid-protein seronegative adults 18-64 years of age. Both vaccines were administrated via intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle.

A Cross-sectional Study to Estimate the Proportion and Ascertain Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis Knee among Women above 45 Years of Age Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: With aging, women face various health issues, the most common of which are musculoskeletal disorders. Osteoarthritis accounts for 15% of all musculoskeletal disorders in patients above the age of 45 years but receives little attention. This study aims to estimate the proportion of women above 45 years suffering from Osteoarthritis (OA) knee and to ascertain its risk determinants.

Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor in the Proximal Femur Presenting as Tumor-induced Osteomalacia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: An uncommon medical disorder known as tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is characterized by severe hypophosphatemia, renal phosphate wasting, and osteomalacia due to a tumor. TIO has recently been linked to a particular kind of tumor known as phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT). PMTs release phosphatonins, such as fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), which elevates serum levels of FGF23, leading to phosphate wasting and osteomalacia.

Odor identification score as an alternative method for early identification of amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.

A simple screening test to identify the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is urgently needed. We investigated whether odor identification impairment can be used to differentiate between stages of the A/T/N classification (amyloid,  tau, neurodegeneration) in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment or AD and in healthy controls. We collected data from 132 Japanese participants visiting the Toranomon Hospital dementia outpatient clinic.

Effects of Deep Optic Nerve Head Structures on Bruch's Membrane Opening- Minimum Rim Width and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer.

Purpose: To explore the effects of deep optic nerve head (ONH) structures on Bruch's membrane opening (BMO)-minimum rim width (MRW) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) in healthy eyes.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: Two hundred five healthy eyes of 141 subjects (mean ± standard deviation of age and axial length (AXL): 46.

Efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive lacosamide in patients aged <4 years with focal seizures.

Objective: Primary objective was to evaluate efficacy of lacosamide administered concomitantly with 1-3 antiseizure medications in young children with uncontrolled focal (partial-onset) seizures.

Methods: Double-blind, parallel-group trial (SP0967: NCT02477839/2013-000717-20) conducted between June 2015 and May 2020 at hospitals and clinics in 25 countries. Patients (aged ≥1 month to <4 years) with uncontrolled focal seizures were randomized 1:1 to adjunctive lacosamide or placebo using an interactive voice/web response system and stratified by age.

Comprehensive analysis of clinicopathological profiles in adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung.

Objectives: Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), an uncommon subtype within non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), manifests distinctive traits of aggressiveness, embodying a fusion of both adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) components. The clinicopathological characteristics of distinct subtypes of ASC remain unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study included 226 patients diagnosed with lung ASC who consecutively underwent surgical resection at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, between January 2015 and March 2021.

based Ag-NPs activate ROS - induced apoptosis through down-regulation of AKT, mTOR and pI3K signaling in human gastric cancer (AGS) cells.

The phytochemicals found inwere studied for their ability to reduce silver nitrate in order to synthesise silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and characterise their size and crystal structure. Thunbergol, 1,1,6-trimethyl-3-methylene-2-(3,6,9,13-tetram, Methyl nonadecanoate, Methyl cis-13,16-Docosadienate, and (1R,4aR,5S)-5-[(E)-5-Hydroxy-3-methylpent were the major compounds identified in the methanol extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrum analysis. UV/Vis spectra, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope with Energy Dispersive Xâray Analysis (EDAX), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) particle size analyser and atomic force microscope (AfM) were used to characterise theplant extract-based AgNPs.