Glycocalyx disruption enhances motility, proliferation and collagen synthesis in diabetic fibroblasts.

Impaired wound healing represents one of the most debilitating side effects of Diabetes mellitus. Though the role of fibroblasts in wound healing is well-known, the extent to which their function is altered in the context of diabetes remains incompletely understood. Here, we address this question by comparing the phenotypes of healthy dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and diabetic dermal fibroblasts (DDFs).

Prevalence and profile of sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea in patients with interstitial lung disease at the pulmonary medicine department of a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), predominantly obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is a frequent phenomenon in interstitial lung disease (ILD) and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Methodology: A prospective, observational, hospital-based study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital after ethics committee permission. The study group consisted of 100 consecutive ILD patients diagnosed by a multidisciplinary diagnosis.

Study and Comparison of Metabolic Profile of Lean and Obese Subjects with Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background And Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is conventionally considered to be a disease of obese subjects. Recent data suggests increasing incidence of NAFLD among lean subjects also. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profile of lean subjects with NAFLD and compare it with obese subjects with NAFLD.

Pre-existing liver disease is associated with poor outcome in patients with SARS CoV2 infection; The APCOLIS Study (APASL COVID-19 Liver Injury Spectrum Study).

Background And Aims: COVID-19 is a dominant pulmonary disease, with multisystem involvement, depending upon comorbidities. Its profile in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease (CLD) is largely unknown. We studied the liver injury patterns of SARS-Cov-2 in CLD patients, with or without cirrhosis.

Immunohistochemical expression of stem cell markers OCT-4 and SOX-2 in giant cell tumor, central giant cell granuloma, and peripheral giant cell granuloma.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the immunohistochemical expression of OCT-4 and SOX-2 and to determine their use in differentiating giant cell tumor (GCT) from central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) and peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG).

Study Design: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 10 histopathologically diagnosed cases of GCT, CGCG, or PGCG were examined for anti-OCT-4 and anti-SOX-2 antibodies. Nuclear staining of stromal mononuclear cells and multinucleated giant cells was considered positive for OCT-4 and SOX-2 expression.

A Rare Case Report of Tuberculous Infection in a Previously Neglected Dysplastic Hip of a Young Woman.

A 14-year-old girl presented with an insidious onset of left hip pain, limp, and intermittent fever for a 3-month duration. Patient had a history of toe walking since childhood which continued into adolescence. On radiographic investigations, she was found to have a dysplastic hip with fluid collection around the hip which was surgically drained.

Short-Form New Knee Society Score: What Is Its Responsiveness and Convergent Validity with Other Scores?

The short-form version of New Knee Society Score (SF-NKSS) was designed with a purpose to reduce respondent burden. Literature review revealed only one report by Scuderi et al on responsiveness of derived SF-NKSS, but it was evaluated in two separate patient cohorts pre- and postsurgery. Our study had evaluated responsiveness and convergent validity of derived SF-NKSS in a single, large patient cohort followed longitudinally from preoperative status to over 1 year.

Comprehensive proteomics investigation of P. vivax-infected human plasma and parasite isolates.

Background: In recent times, Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) has become a serious threat to public health due to its ability to cause severe infection with fatal outcomes. Its unique biology makes it resilient to control measures that are otherwise effective against P.

Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in pus aspirates.

Introduction: WHO endorsed Xpert MTB/RIF assay has proven to be rapid with results obtained within 2h. The evidence base regarding the use of Xpert MTB/RIF in pulmonary TB is strong. Relatively few performance data have been published to date on detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in aspirated pus specimens from abscesses.

Role of Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (cVEMP) as Outcome-Measure of Glycerol Test.

Diagnosis of Meniere's disease is mainly clinical although many tests have been studied for efficacy in diagnosis of Meniere's disease. Glycerol test is a functional test to identify hydrops in Meniere's disease and can be done with PTA, Speech audiometry, otoacoustic emission, EcochG and cVEMP as its outcome measures. The study aimed to compare two outcome measures of glycerol test to identify Meniere's disease; to determine whether the stage of Meniere's disease affected glycerol outcomes; and to attempt to identify independent variables that could predict outcomes of glycerol test.

Chrysin mitigated obesity by regulating energy intake and expenditure in rats.

Background And Aim: Chrysin is a flavonoid found in plant extracts from species, honey and propolis. It has demonstrated anti-adipogenic activity but there are no studies substantiating the anti-obesity activity of chrysin .

Experimental Procedure: The pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory potential of chrysin was determined by preliminary screening and further confirmed by PL inhibitory assay and oral fat tolerance test (OFTT).

Evaluation of LAMP-based assays for carbapenemase genes.

. Rapid and accurate detection of carbapenem resistance is a critical requirement for the selection of appropriate therapy and initiation of infection control measures. Although several tests are available, their use is limited by one or more factors.

Chrysin ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is regarded as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. It begins with the accumulation of fat in the liver (simple steatosis), which if untreated can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chrysin is a flavonoid present in bee propolis and many other plants.

Osteoarthritis: Clinical and Radiological Correlation.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly progressive degenerative joint disease, characterized by pain and functional disability. Various outcome measures for radiographic and clinical OA are described in studies. A limitation of radiographic evaluation is that, except for the direct evaluation of bone, the tissues involved in the OA process are either evaluated indirectly (cartilage) or not at all (synovium).

Medical Symbols: Part 5.

When a patient presents with wheezing, pulmonary embolism is not usually considered as a possible cause. However bronchoconstriction can be caused by the embolism which produces wheezing that may be so obvious to make a diagnosis of bronchial asthma. Here we present a case of sub-massive pulmonary embolism presenting predominantly with wheezing without any previous history of cardio pulmonary diseases.

Analysis of Poisoning in Urban Setting: A Single Centre Study.

Background: Poisoning are common emergencies associated with high mortality and morbidity in India. This study aims to analyse the pattern of poisoning, clinico-epidemiological features, course and outcome of patients and factors affecting the outcome.

Methodology: This was an observational, prospective study conducted at a tertiary care, teaching, public, urban hospital.

An Expert Review and Recommendations on the Rational Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors: Indian Perspective.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the mainstay of treatment for acid peptic diseases (APDs), but are often irrationally prescribed in clinical practice. Appropriate prescription of PPIs is needed to optimize outcomes, and minimize risks and cost burden on the healthcare system.

Objective: To review available literature on efficacy and safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and give recommendations for rational use of PPIs from an Indian perspective.

Hydrogel scaffold with substrate elasticity mimicking physiological-niche promotes proliferation of functional keratinocytes.

High numbers of autologous human primary keratinocytes (HPKs) are required for patients with burns, wounds and for gene therapy of skin disorders. Although freshly isolated HPKs exhibit a robust regenerative capacity, traditional methodology fails to provide a sufficient number of cells. Here we demonstrated a well characterized, non-cytotoxic and inert hydrogel as a substrate that mimics skin elasticity, which can accelerate proliferation and generate higher numbers of HPKs compared to existing tissue culture plastic (TCP) dishes.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome with interstitial lung disease: A holistically worked up couplet.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an extremely subtile autosomal recessive disorder characterized by tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism (Ty-pos OCA), bleeding tendencies, and systemic complications associated to lysosomal dysfunction. The most grave complication of disease is interstitial lung disease (ILD) leading to irrevocable pulmonary fibrosis. Patients with HPS-1, HPS-2, and HPS-4 variants have a penchant to develop pulmonary fibrosis.

Evaluation of lymph node ratio and morphologic patterns of nodal reactive hyperplasia in primary organ malignancy.

Background: Lymph node ratio (LNR) in cancer staging is the ratio of nodal metastases (LNM) to total nodes harvested (LNH). Reactive nodal hyperplasia can exhibit morphological patterns I to VI.

Aims: To measure LNR and evaluate it with tumor stage, tumor grade, LN reactive patterns, and LN size.

Respiratory Pathogens in Infants Diagnosed with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western India Using Multiplex Real Time PCR.

Objective: To determine the frequency of respiratory pathogens in infants diagnosed with acute lower respiratory tract infections.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in infants hospitalized with a diagnosis of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI), in a tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city of Western India. Nasopharyngeal swabs were analyzed by multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction, for 18 viruses and 3 bacteria (H.