May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Hungary.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are still the leading cause of mortality in Hungary. Therefore, screening programmes identifying subjects with hypertension have an important role in CVD prevention. In 2017, the International Society of Hypertension initiated May Measurement Month (MMM) aimed at raising awareness of elevated BP.

Early and selective localization of tau filaments to glutamatergic subcellular domains within the human anterodorsal thalamus.

Widespread cortical accumulation of misfolded pathological tau proteins (ptau) in the form of paired helical filaments is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Subcellular localization of ptau at various stages of disease progression is likely to be informative of the cellular mechanisms involving its spread. Here, we found that the density of ptau within several distinct rostral thalamic nuclei in post-mortem human tissue (n = 25 cases) increased with the disease stage, with the anterodorsal nucleus (ADn) consistently being the most affected.

MELAS: Phenotype Classification into Classic-versus-Atypical Presentations.

Background And Purpose: An increased number of pathogenic variants have been described in mitochondrial encephalomyopathy lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS). Different imaging presentations have emerged in parallel with a growing recognition of clinical and outcome variability, which pose a diagnostic challenge to neurologists and radiologists and may impact an individual patient's response to therapeutic interventions. By evaluating clinical, neuroimaging, laboratory, and genetic findings, we sought to improve our understanding of the sources of potential phenotype variability in patients with MELAS.

Interhemispheric differences of pyramidal cells in the primary motor cortices of schizophrenia patients investigated postmortem.

Motor disturbances are observed in schizophrenia patients, but the neuroanatomical background is unknown. Our aim was to investigate the pyramidal cells of the primary motor cortex (BA 4) in both hemispheres of postmortem control and schizophrenia subjects-8 subjects in each group-with 2.5-5.

Additive damage in the thromboxane related vasoconstriction and bradykinin relaxation of intramural coronary resistance arterioles in a rodent model of andropausal hypertension.

Hypertension and andropause both accelerate age-related vascular deterioration. We aimed to evaluate the effects of angiotensin-II induced hypertension and deficiency of testosterone combined regarding the resistance coronaries found intramurally. Four male groups were formed from the animals: control group (Co, n = 10); the group that underwenr orchidectomy (ORC, n = 13), those that received an infusion of angiotensin-II (AII, n = 10) and a grous that received AII infusion and were also surgically orchidectomized (AII + ORC, n = 8).

Glycosaminoglycan Analysis of FFPE Tissues from Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Patients Reveals Altered Regulatory Functions and Independent Markers for Survival.

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent cancer types among men. Several biomarkers and risk assessment methods are already available; however, enhancing their selectivity and sensitivity is still necessary. For improving therapeutic decisions, both basic and clinical research studies are still ongoing for a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Surprising genetic and pathological findings in a patient with giant bilateral periadrenal tumours: PEComas and mutations of in Gorlin-Goltz syndrome.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) or nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is a rare tumour-overgrowth syndrome associated with multiple developmental anomalies and a wide variety of tumours. Here, we describe a case of a man aged 23 years with GGS with bilateral giant tumours adjacent to both adrenals that raised the suspicion of malignancy on imaging. Histological analysis of both surgically resected tumours revealed perivascular epitheloid cell tumours (PEComas) that were independent of the adrenals.

Adherence to the Porto Criteria Based on the Hungarian Nationwide Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry (HUPIR).

According to the Porto criteria, upper endoscopy and ileocolonoscopy with histology for patients with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD) are recommended with small bowel imaging (SBI). We aimed to evaluate the adherence to the Porto criteria and biopsy sampling practice and to evaluate the diagnostic yield of magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) first time in a nationwide pIBD inception cohort. Newly diagnosed pIBD cases (ages 0-18 years) are registered in the prospective, nationwide Hungarian Paediatric IBD Registry (HUPIR).

Perisomatic innervation and neurochemical features of giant pyramidal neurons in both hemispheres of the human primary motor cortex.

Betz cells-the gigantopyramidal neurons found in high amount in the primary motor cortex-are among of the most characteristic neuronal cells. A part of them contains the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) in primates. However, less is known about these cells in the human motor cortex despite their important role in different neurological disorders.

Olive Leaf Polyphenols (OLPs) Stimulate GLUT4 Expression and Translocation in the Skeletal Muscle of Diabetic Rats.

Skeletal muscles are high-insulin tissues responsible for disposing of glucose via the highly regulated process of facilitated glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). Impaired insulin action in diabetes, as well as disorders of GLUT4 vesicle trafficking in the muscle, are involved in defects in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. Since the Rab GTPases are the main regulators of vesicular membrane transport in exo- and endo-cytosis, in the present work, we studied the effect of olive leaf polyphenols (OLPs) on Rab8A, Rab13, and Rab14 proteins of the rat soleus muscle in a model of streptozotocin (SZT)-induced diabetes (DM) in a dose-dependent manner.

Swertiamarin suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via negative regulation of FRAT1.

Studies have shown that swertiamarin (STM) has multiple biological activities, but its anti-tumour effects and molecular mechanisms are still unclear. The present research aimed to validate the STM's impacts on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and to study its potential mechanism. Two HCC cell lines were treated with STM.

Effects of Testosterone Deficiency and Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension on the Biomechanics of Intramural Coronary Arteries.

Background: Andropause and hypertension also increase the risk of coronary artery damage.

Aim: To investigate the effect of testosterone deficiency and hypertension on intramural coronary vessels.

Methods: 4 groups of 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: control male (Co, n=10), orchidectomized male (OCT, n=13), angiotensin (AII) hypertensive male (AII, n=10), and AII hypertensive and OCT (AII + OCT, n=8).

Argyrophilic grain disease in individuals younger than 75 years: clinical variability in an under-recognized limbic tauopathy.

Background And Purpose: Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is a limbic-predominant 4R-tauopathy. AGD is thought to be an age-related disorder and is frequently detected as a concomitant pathology with other neurodegenerative conditions. There is a paucity of data on the clinical phenotype of pure AGD.

Resveratrol increases stem cell function in the treatment of damaged pancreas.

Pancreatic damage results in insufficient insulin secretion, leading to type 1 diabetes. Stem cell-based therapy has recently shown potential in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Resveratrol supplementation has demonstrated a beneficial effect in treating diabetes.

Predicting mortality and adverse events in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with palliative gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in a multicentre phase III randomized clinical trial: the APC-SAKK risk scores.

Background: The prognosis of advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) is poor and differs considerably among patients. Therefore, it is clinically relevant to identify patients with APC who are more likely to benefit from palliative chemotherapy with reduced risk of toxicity. To date, there is no prognostic score universally recommended to help clinicians in planning the therapeutic management.

Ultrasonographic demonstration of intraneural neovascularization after penetrating nerve injury.

Introduction: Hypervascularization of nerves has been shown to be a pathological sign in some peripheral nerve disorders, but has not been investigated in nerve trauma.

Methods: An observational cohort study was performed of the intraneural blood flow of 30 patients (34 nerves) with penetrating nerve injuries, before or after nerve reconstruction. All patients underwent electrophysiological assessment, and B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography.

Myricetin Possesses Potential Protective Effects on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through Inhibiting IB/NFB and Enhancing Nrf2/HO-1.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is associated with a greater risk of mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Currently, no specific treatment has been suggested for DCM treatment. This study demonstrated that myricetin (M) attenuated DCM-associated cardiac injury in mice subjected to streptozotocin (SZT) and in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) challenged with high glucose.

Ultrasonography in neuralgic amyotrophy: Sensitivity, spectrum of findings, and clinical correlations.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the value of ultrasonography in neuralgic amyotrophy.

Methods: Fifty-three patients with 70 affected nerves were examined with high-resolution ultrasound.

Results: The most commonly affected nerve was the anterior interosseous (23%).

MEN1 and microRNAs: The link between sporadic pituitary, parathyroid and adrenocortical tumors?

Sporadic tumors of the pituitary, parathyroids and adrenal cortex are unique, as their benign forms are very common, but malignant forms are exceptionally rare. Hereditary forms of these tumors occur in multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1). We hypothesize that the pathogenic link among the sporadic tumors of these organs of different germ layers might be represented by common molecular pathways involving the MEN1 gene and microRNAs (miR).

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Surgical Zipper Technique versus Intracutaneous Sutures for the Closing of Surgical Incision.

Background: It is controversial whether surgical zipper technique (SZT), a non-invasive method of surgical wound closure, achieves a better outcome of incision healing than intracutaneous sutures (IS) in the surgery. This meta-analysis was performed to systematically analyze whether surgical zipper is superior to suture material for the incision closure.

Methods: Databases and reference lists were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SZT with IS for the incision closure.

Hypothetic Interindividual and Interspecies Relevance of microRNAs Released in Body Fluids.

MicroRNAs may not only be relevant within the organism, but microRNAs released in body fluids might affect other individuals and hypothetically also other species. Such interindividual and cross-species activity of microRNAs appears to be very interesting, but these actions are largely hypothetic at present warranting extensive experimental validation. Food-derived microRNAs might extend the relevance of food for epigenetic regulation; however, the efficient gastrointestinal transfer of microRNAs needs to be demonstrated.

Are Circulating microRNAs Involved in Tumor Surveillance?

By studying literature data and having performed an in silico analysis, the circulating microRNA expression profiles of healthy individuals appear to show an abundance of microRNAs with predominant tumor suppressor activity. We hypothesize that circulating tumor suppressor microRNAs might constitute a sort of continuous tumor surveillance, whereby circulating microRNAs delivering gene expression modulating epigenetic information might halt cell transformation and tumorigenesis. This mechanism might complement the well-known cancer immune surveillance.