Onset of pancreatic cancer before and after acute pancreatitis: A multicenter longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality, often diagnosed at advanced stages. Acute pancreatitis (AP), particularly idiopathic cases, may serve as an early indicator of PC.

Objective: This multicenter cohort study investigated the incidence of PC before and after an AP episode, focusing on idiopathic AP and the role of pseudocysts as potential early markers for PC development.

Hemoglobin decrease predicts untoward outcomes better than severity of anemia.

Patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) exhibit varying tolerances to acute blood loss. We aimed to investigate the effect of relative Hb decrease (ΔHb%) on GIB outcomes. Participants enrolled in the Hungarian GIB Registry between 2019 and 2022 were analyzed.

Unbiased Drug Target Prediction Reveals Sensitivity to Ferroptosis Inducers, HDAC and RTK Inhibitors in Melanoma Subtypes.

Background: The utilization of PD1 and CTLA4 inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of malignant melanoma (MM). However, resistance to targeted and immune-checkpoint-based therapies still poses a significant problem.

Objective: Here, we mine large-scale MM proteogenomic data to identify druggable targets and forecast treatment efficacy and resistance.

Respiratory Viruses in Patients With Hematological Malignancy in Boreal Autumn/Winter 2023-2024: EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA Report.

Community-acquired respiratory viral infections (CARV) significantly impact patients with hematological malignancies (HM), leading to high morbidity and mortality. However, large-scale, real-world data on CARV in these patients is limited. This study analyzed data from the EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA registry, focusing on patients with HM diagnosed with CARV during the 2023-2024 autumn-winter season.

Acid Reflux Management with the RefluxStop Implant: A Prospective Multicenter Trial with 3-Year Outcomes.

Background: RefluxStop is a unique implant for laparoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It restores normal function of the gastroesophageal junction without the unwanted effects of encircling the esophagus, circumventing adverse events (AEs) associated with conventional anti-reflux surgeries.

Methods: Three-year follow-up of 50 patients with chronic GERD treated by RefluxStop was achieved in a prospective, single-arm, multicentric clinical trial analyzing safety and effectiveness of the procedure.

Particularities of deposition of two ICS-LABA fixed dose combination dry powder aerosol drugs in the airways of COPD patients.

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of breathing parameters, age, gender and disease status on the lung doses of the two ICS + LABA fixed combination dry powder drugs. Breathing parameters of 113 COPD patients were measured while inhaling through emptied NEXThaler® and Ellipta® inhalers and the corresponding lung doses were calculated. Lung dose of Foster® NEXThaler® was superior to the lung dose of Relvar® Ellipta® in around 85 % of the patients.

Analysis of COPD: Distinguishing Characteristics and Management of Smoking vs Never Smoking Patients.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant public health issue characterized by gradually worsening airflow limitation. It is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, yet research on COPD patients who have never smoked is limited. This study aims to document the demographic, symptomatic, and therapeutic characteristics of COPD patients receiving outpatient pulmonary care in Hungary, focusing on smoking history, and evaluate their distribution according to the GOLD A/B/E classification.

Individualised Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Settings Reduce the Incidence of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Progressive atelectasis regularly occurs during general anaesthesia; hence, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is often applied. Individualised PEEP titration may reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and improve oxygenation as compared to fixed PEEP settings; however, evidence is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021282228).

The effects of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and urocortins on the noradrenaline (NA) released from the locus coeruleus (LC).

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and stimulates the noradrenergic neurotransmission, both processes being implicated in the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression, but the intimate site and mechanism of interaction of CRF and CRF-related peptides, named urocortins (UCN1, UCN2, UCN3), with noradrenaline (NA) was not fully elucidated yet. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the actions of CRF and urocortins on the NA released from the rat locus coeruleus (LC), the primary source of NA in the brain, and the participation of CRF receptors (CRF1 and CRF2) in these actions. In order to do so, male Wistar rats were used, their LC were isolated and dissected, and the LC slices were incubated with tritium-labelled NA, superfused and stimulated electrically.

The prognostic value of histological grade determined after neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer.

Histological grade is a validated prognostic factor of breast cancer but may show alterations following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Its reporting after NACT is recommended by several guidelines, but evidence of its retained prognostic impact is scarce. Patients treated with NACT followed by surgery and having sufficient residual tumour for the determination of grade were analysed for the survival effects of posttreatment grade (yG).

New pedagogical tools for vaccine education: preparing future healthcare workers for the next pandemic.

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is an issue for healthcare students, influenced by safety concerns and misinformation. The need for better communication training and understanding sociocultural factors in VH was highlighted in a European University Alliance seminar. Practical exercises like simulation role-playing, interprofessional collaboration, and digital literacy may improve vaccine education.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment in Fistulising Crohn's Disease: An International Real-Life Retrospective Multicentre Cohort Study.

Background: Perianal fistulas of Crohn's disease (CD) create a significant burden on patients' lives. However, the efficacy and safety of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell treatment are contradicting, and real-world evidence is lacking.

Aims: To examine the usability of darvadstrocel therapy in managing perianal CD.

An Artificial Intelligent System for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis in Whole Slide Images.

In recent years a significant demand to develop computer-assisted diagnostic tools to assess prostate cancer using whole slide images has been observed. In this study we develop and validate a machine learning system for cancer assessment, inclusive of detection of perineural invasion and measurement of cancer portion to meet clinical reporting needs. The system analyses the whole slide image in three consecutive stages: tissue detection, classification, and slide level analysis.

Outcomes of treatment cessation after switching to subcutaneous vedolizumab treatment in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Background: The usability of subcutaneous vedolizumab (s.c. VDZ) treatment in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD; ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD)) has been proven via clinical trials while real-world data collection is ongoing.

Big data research is everyone's research-Making epilepsy data science accessible to the global community: Report of the ILAE big data commission.

Epilepsy care generates multiple sources of high-dimensional data, including clinical, imaging, electroencephalographic, genomic, and neuropsychological information, that are collected routinely to establish the diagnosis and guide management. Thanks to high-performance computing, sophisticated graphics processing units, and advanced analytics, we are now on the cusp of being able to use these data to significantly improve individualized care for people with epilepsy. Despite this, many clinicians, health care providers, and people with epilepsy are apprehensive about implementing Big Data and accompanying technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI).

Revising cancer incidence in a Central European country: a Hungarian nationwide study between 2011-2019 based on a health insurance fund database.

Background: The nationwide HUN-CANCER EPI study examined cancer incidence and mortality rates in Hungary from 2011 to 2019.

Methods: Using data from the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO), our retrospective study analyzed newly diagnosed malignancies between Jan 1, 2011, and Dec 31, 2019. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated for all and for different tumor types using both the 1976 and 2013 European Standard Populations (ESP).

ProstateZones - Segmentations of the prostatic zones and urethra for the PROSTATEx dataset.

Manual segmentations are considered the gold standard for ground truth in machine learning applications. Such tasks are tedious and time-consuming, albeit necessary to train reliable models. In this work, we present a dataset with expert segmentations of the prostatic zones and urethra for 200 randomly selected patients from the PROSTATEx dataset.

Associations between Fetal Symptoms during Pregnancy and Neonatal Clinical Complications with Toxoplasmosis.

Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is a parasitism transmitted by , part of the TORCH complex, the most prevalent parasitism worldwide. It is asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals but causes severe infections and developmental abnormalities in pregnant women, mainly affecting the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal system.

Methods: In our prospective study, we analyzed cases of recent maternal Toxoplasma infections confirmed by serological testing between 1996 and 2020 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University.

Acquired hemophilia A as a disease of the elderly: A comprehensive review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and novel therapy.

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by the development of neutralizing autoantibodies (inhibitors) against coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). This review provides an in-depth exploration of AHA, covering its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications, and treatment strategies, focusing on recent advancements. AHA can manifest in both men and women with no prior bleeding history.