Hydroxylated-Benz[a]anthracenes Induce Two Apoptosis-Related Gene Expressions in the Liver of the Nibbler Fish .

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to have toxic effects on fish. In this study, we examined the effects of benz[a]anthracene (BaA), a type of PAH, on fish liver metabolism. Nibbler fish () were intraperitoneally injected with BaA (10 ng/g body weight) four times over a 10-day period.

Effect of watering before slaughter and the evisceration method on the quality characteristics of fattened goose liver.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of watering before slaughter and different evisceration methods on the quality characteristics of fattened goose liver. A total of randomly selected 60 male Greylag Landaise geese (Anser anser) were used to execute the experiment which had been force-fed during their growing period. In the slaughterhouse, randomized block design was followed and the birds were randomly divided into four experimental groups and half of the them (30 birds) were given 200 ml tap water.

In Vitro Gene Conservation Status and the Quality of the Genetic Resources of Native Hungarian Sheep Breeds.

Studies revealed a global loss of genetic resources for local sheep breeds. Therefore, the current study aimed to introduce and highlight the progress made on Hungary's existing gene conservation program (small Gene Bank). Furthermore, we evaluated breed (Tsigai, Cikta, and Racka), season, and individual variabilities (n = 24) of the pre-freeze and post-thaw semen stored in the Gene Bank to enhance the gene conservation of the breeds.

Emerging Trends in Non-Protein Amino Acids as Potential Priming Agents: Implications for Stress Management Strategies and Unveiling Their Regulatory Functions.

Plants endure the repercussions of environmental stress. As the advancement of global climate change continues, it is increasingly crucial to protect against abiotic and biotic stress effects. Some naturally occurring plant compounds can be used effectively to protect the plants.

The Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Salt Stress on the Morphological and Some Biochemical Characteristics of L. Plants.

Salinity reduces crop yields and quality, causing global economic losses. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) improve plant physiological and metabolic processes and abiotic stress resistance. This study examined the effects of foliar ZnO-NPs at 75 and 150 mg/L on tomato Kecskeméti 549 plants to alleviate salt stress caused by 150 mM NaCl.

Curcumin mitigates ochratoxin A-induced oxidative stress and alters gene expression in broiler chicken liver and kidney.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin (CURC) supplementation on broiler chickens exposed to ochratoxin A (OTA), by examining biochemical parameters and the expression of glutathione redox system genes and their regulation. OTA reduced glutathione content in the liver while increasing glutathione peroxidase activity. CURC showed no significant effects.

The Effects of T-2 Toxin, Deoxynivalenol, and Fumonisin B1 on Oxidative Stress-Related Genes in the Kidneys of Laying Hens.

In the context of nephrotoxic risks associated with environmental contaminants, this study focused on the impact of mycotoxin exposure on the renal health of laying hens, with particular attention to oxidative stress pathways. Sixty laying hens were assigned to three groups-a control group (CON), a low-dose mycotoxin group (LOW), and a high-dose mycotoxin group (HIGH)-and monitored for 72 h. Mycotoxin contamination involved T-2/HT-2 toxin, DON/3-AcDON/15-AcDON, and FB1 at their EU-recommended levels (low mix) and at double doses (high mix).

Multi-Fusarium mycotoxin exposure activates Nrf2 and Ahr pathway in the liver of laying hens.

This study investigates gene expression changes in laying hens exposed to trichothecene mycotoxins, known to induce oxidative stress and affect xenobiotic transformation and antioxidants. A 3-day feeding trial tested low and high doses of T-2/HT-2 toxin, DON/3-AcDON/15-AcDON, and FB1 in hen feed. Results showed increased expression of AHR, AHRR, HSP90, and CYP1A2 genes on days 2 and 3, suggesting a response to mycotoxin exposure.

Root Development Monitoring under Different Water Supply Levels in Processing Tomato Plants.

Managing crop yields and optimizing water use is a global challenge, as fresh water supply decreases rapidly and demand remains high. Therefore, understanding how plants react to varying water levels is crucial for efficient water usage. This study evaluates how tomato plants adapt to varying water levels (100%, 50% of crop evapotranspiration, and non-irrigated control) over two growing seasons in 2020 and 2021.

Induction of Triticale (× Wittmack) In Vitro Androgenesis in Anther Cultures of F Hybrid Combinations, Varieties and Homogeneity Testing of Offspring Generation.

In cereal breeding, in vitro androgenesis methods are frequently applied to achieve doubled haploid (DH) plants. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of genotype (three registered varieties and eight F crossing combinations) and induction medium (W14mf and P4mf) on anther cultures (ACs) of triticale (× Wittmack). Androgenesis was induced in the treatment of each tested genotype, and the genotype significantly influenced the efficiency of AC, including in embryo-like structures (ELSs), albinos, green plantlets, and transplanted plantlets.

A comparative experimental investigation of dynamic viscosity of ZrO/DW and SiC/DW nanofluids: Characterization, rheological behavior, and development of new correlation.

In general, A nanofluid is a substance in which solids and fluids are mixed. The nano-powder of zirconium oxide (ZrO) and silicon carbide (SiC) was dispersed into the distilled water (DW) using the widely adopted two-step technique. A Brookfield viscometer was used to measure the viscosity of the nanoparticles of ZrO/DW and SiC/DW, where the temperature ranged between 20 and 60 °C and different solid volume fractions of 0.

The growth performance of pond-reared common carp (Cyprinus carpio) larvae propagated using cryopreserved sperm.

The aim of our study was to determine the efficacy of utilizing cryopreserved common carp sperm (in comparison to fresh sperm) for propagation at a Hungarian aquaculture facility. The sperm was frozen in 5 mL straws using an extender method that was previously tested in common carp. Sperm motility was monitored using a computer-assisted sperm analysis system.

Impact of the three waves of COVID-19 pandemic on the HR practices of Hungarian organizations-Experience from an empirical study.

Over recent decades, the practice of human resource management in the transitional countries of Eastern Europe and in Hungary has changed significantly. Especially in local subsidiaries of foreign-owned companies and in the leading domestic large organizations, HRM has become a strategic function, while in the practice of small and medium-sized enterprises it is less common. COVID-19 hit companies, institutions and individuals unexpectedly, not only in Hungary but also in the more developed regions of the world.

The Co-Occurrence of T-2 Toxin, Deoxynivalenol, and Fumonisin B1 Activated the Glutathione Redox System in the EU-Limiting Doses in Laying Hens.

Different mycotoxins in feed lead to combined exposure, increasing adverse effects on animal health. Trichothecene mycotoxins have been associated with inducing oxidative stress, which is neutralized by the glutathione system within the antioxidant defense, depending on the dose and duration of exposure. T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are commonly found in feed commodities simultaneously.

Validation of a male-specific DNA marker confirms XX/XY-type sex determination in several Hungarian strains of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).

African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a promising food fish species with significant potential and growing mass of production in freshwater aquaculture. Male African catfish possess improved production characteristics over females, therefore the use of monosex populations could be advantageous for aquaculture production. However, our knowledge about the sex determination mechanism of this species is still limited and controversial.

Physiological Response of Grower African Catfish to Dietary Black Soldier Fly and Mealworm Meal.

A six-week experiment was carried out to test the effects of total (100%) and partial (50%) replacement of fish meal in the diet of African catfish growers with black soldier fly (B) meal, yellow mealworm (M) meal, and a 1:1 combination of both (BM) on the production and health of fish. A total of 420 fish with an average initial body weight of 200 ± 0.5 g were randomly distributed in triplicate to seven diet groups (C, B50, B100, M50, M100, BM50, and BM100, respectively).

The response of litter decomposition to extreme drought modified by plant species, plant part, and soil depth in a temperate grassland.

Plant litter decomposition is a key ecosystem process in carbon and nutrient cycling, and is heavily affected by changing climate. While the direct effects of drought on decomposition are widely studied, in order to better predict the overall drought effect, indirect effects associated with various drought-induced changes in ecosystems should also be quantified. We studied the effect of an extreme (5-month) experimental drought on decomposition, and if this effect varies with two dominant perennial grasses, plant parts (leaves vs.

Balancing at the Borderline of a Breed: A Case Study of the Hungarian Short-Haired Vizsla Dog Breed, Definition of the Breed Profile Using Simple SNP-Based Methods.

The aim of this study was to determine the breed boundary of the Hungarian Short-haired Vizsla (HSV) dog breed. Seventy registered purebred HSV dogs were genotyped on approximately 145,000 SNPs. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Admixture analysis certified that they belong to the same population.

The Predictive Role of the Upper-Airway Adipose Tissue in the Pathogenesis of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.

This study aimed to analyse the thickness of the adipose tissue (AT) around the upper airways with anthropometric parameters in the prediction and pathogenesis of OSA and obstruction of the upper airways using artificial intelligence. One hundred patients were enrolled in this prospective investigation, who were divided into control (non-OSA) and mild, moderately severe, and severe OSA according to polysomnography. All participants underwent drug-induced sleep endoscopy, anthropometric measurements, and neck MRI.

The Predictive Role of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Pathogenesis of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.

Introduction: Our aim was to investigate the applicability of artificial intelligence in predicting obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and upper airway obstruction using ultrasound (US) measurements of subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) in the regions of the neck, chest and abdomen.

Methods: One hundred patients were divided into mild (32), moderately severe-severe (32) OSA and non-OSA (36), according to the results of the polysomnography. These patients were examined using anthropometric measurements and US of SAT and drug-induced sleep endoscopy.

Effects of a Dominant Species on the Functional Diversity of Coexisting Species in Temperate Deciduous Understorey.

The herb layer plays a significant role in maintaining forest functions, and its community composition is determined by various abiotic factors and biotic interactions. This study attempted to investigate the interspecific plant-plant biotic interactions using a functional traits approach. Specifically, the effects of a dominant species coverage on the functional diversity of coexisting species in the temperate forest understory were studied.

Composted Municipal Green Waste Infused with Biocontrol Agents to Control Plant Parasitic Nematodes-A Review.

The last few years have witnessed the emergence of alternative measures to control plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs). We briefly reviewed the potential of compost and the direct or indirect roles of soil-dwelling organisms against PPNs. We compiled and assessed the most intensively researched factors of suppressivity.

New complete mitogenome datasets and their characterization of the European catfish ().

We present new complete mitogenome sequences of from 4 samples such as male and female individuals from two countries (Hungary, Czech Republic). The complete mitochondria were determined from genome sequencing by using Illumina MiSeq platform resulting in long, 300 bp. paired-end reads.

Food safety and sanitation challenges of public university students in a developing country.

Inadequate catering facilities in Kenyan public universities compel students to handle and prepare their own food, in environments not designated for food preparation such as rooms in hostels. This study investigated the level of food safety and sanitation knowledge, attitude, and practice, among students in an effort to prevent food-borne diseases. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 535 students from two public universities in Kenya.