Pancreatic Safety of Tirzepatide and Its Effects on Islet Cell Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) regulate islet cell function. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been associated with an elevated risk of acute pancreatitis. Data on the pancreatic safety of tirzepatide (a dual GLP-1 and GIP agonist) and its effects on islet cell function in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are scarce.

Assessment of sex disparities in prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus: results from the Bangladesh demographic and health survey data.

Background: The global health concern regarding the low prevalence of diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DDM) is evident, but the prevalence of DDM is increasing. This is attributed to the frequent underestimation of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (UDM). Given the limited research on this matter in Bangladesh, there is a need to investigate sex differences in both the prevalence and risk factors of DDM among Bangladeshi adults.

Accidental methotrexate overdose leading to multisystem toxicity: A case report.

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is an extensively used chemotherapeutic agent with well-characterized toxicity profiles. This case report describes the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of a patient presenting with severe MTX toxicity.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old Bangladeshi female was admitted on March 9, 2024, with severe mucosal ulcerations, painful skin lesions, and gastrointestinal bleeding after ingesting Methotrexate daily for 12 days by mistake instead of the medication prescribed to her.

Pediatric COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant and post-partum women: A mixed-method study.

Background: This study aims to understand factors contributing to pediatric COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant and postpartum adults.

Method: The study used targeted intercept advertising on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to recruit a panel of 3600 pregnant and postpartum US adults. Data were collected between December 2021 and April 2022 (i.

Unmasking Rheumatic Heart Disease Decades Later in a Patient With a Remote History of Rheumatic Fever Despite Prolonged Antibiotic Prophylaxis.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is one of the leading causes of valvular heart disease worldwide and still persists in the USA, particularly among vulnerable populations with limited healthcare. Depending on the risk, severity, and types of valve involvement, treatment includes guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and surgical interventions like valve repair or replacement. Here, we present a unique case of a patient in his late fifties who presented with worsening heart failure symptoms and several heart murmurs.

Not your typical abdominal pain: Case report of a fisherman presenting to the trauma & emergency surgery department with intestinal perforation due to an eel fish.

Background: Traumatic intestinal perforation by foreign bodies is rare, with cases involving live fish being exceedingly uncommon, with only one reported case to date. We present a unique case of a 55-year-old fisherman who presented to the Emergency Department with traumatic intestinal perforation due to an eel fish accidentally entering his rectum. Despite initial reluctance to seek medical attention, prompt intervention was crucial to addressing peritonitis.

Serum Calcium Levels in Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh.

The exact cause of essential hypertension remains unclear. There is evidence to suggest that the development of essential hypertension is causally related to serum calcium levels. This study was designed to assess the status of serum calcium level in patients with essential hypertension and compared with healthy control.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Species and Molecular Detection of Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh.

One of the most prevalent infectious diseases identified in both communities and hospitalized patients is urinary tract infection (UTI). is evolved into a clinically pertinent uropathogen due to its evolving resistance to multiple antimicrobial agentsThis study, detects antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of species and molecular detection of from patients with urinary tract infections. In this cross-sectional observational study, 165 urine samples were obtained from clinically diagnosed patients with UTIs of different ages and gender.

Dengue and leptospirosis coinfection: a case series.

Background: Both dengue and Leptospira infections are endemic to tropical and subtropical regions, with their prevalence increasing in recent decades. Coinfection with these pathogens presents significant diagnostic challenges for clinicians due to overlapping clinical manifestations and laboratory findings. This case report aims to elucidate two clinical scenarios where the coinfection of dengue and leptospirosis complicates the disease course, creating a diagnostic conundrum.

Understanding patient and family experiences of critical care in Bangladesh and India: What are the priority actions to promote person-centred care?

Patients' experiences in the intensive care unit (ICU) can enhance or impair their subsequent recovery. Improving patient and family experiences on the ICU is an important part of providing high quality care. There is little evidence to guide how to do this in a South Asian critical care context.

Computed Tomography Assessment of Severity of Acute Pancreatitis in Bangladeshi Children.

Purpose: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is common among children in Bangladesh. Its management depends mainly on risk stratification. This study aimed to assess the severity of pediatric AP using computed tomography (CT).

Comparison of Effectiveness and Safety of Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants and Vitamin K Agonists in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of the study is mentioned, but it could be further clarified by explicitly stating the aim to compare the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) specifically in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We conducted a thorough electronic search of the literature, encompassing databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from their inception up to March 5, 2024. Furthermore, we meticulously examined the bibliographies of included studies to identify additional relevant literature.

Real-life experience on the effectiveness of conjunctival flap and amniotic membrane graft in the treatment of refractory fungal corneal ulcer.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the results of the conjunctival flap (CF) and cryopreserved amniotic membrane graft (AMG) in the management of fungal corneal ulcers either with complications or non-responsive to medical treatment.

Study Design: A retrospective observational study.

Methods: Medical records of 30 patients with culture-positive fungal corneal ulcer treated with either CF or AMG (15 eyes in each group) in real world settings were retrieved for analysis.

Assessment of Kidney Function among the Employees of Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College and Hospital.

The kidney carries out a variety of physiological processes, including the excretion of nitrogenous waste products, maintenance of fluid, electrolyte, acid-base, and mineral homeostasis, regulation of blood pressure, as well as the synthesis and release of erythropoietin and other endocrine substances. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. CKD has a long period of asymptomatic stage.

Scientific Insights for Drug Development Based on Normal Habitat of Tribal Population of Manipur: An Observational Study Regarding the Implication of "".

Unlabelled: The development of new and novel drugs starts following a path of targeting possible candidate drug, elucidation their mechanism of action, animal studies, and finally after the completion of phases I/II and III clinical trials. The fundamental raw materials of drugs may be synthetic substances or plants. Many plants are habitually used in many countries as food or for the remedy of diseases.

Paraquat induced acute kidney and lung injury with a dramatic response to methylprednisolone: A case report.

Background: Paraquat poisoning is one of the leading causes of fatal poisoning in many parts of the world, especially in agricultural countries. Its high toxicity even in small amounts causes rapid damage to multiple organs, especially the kidneys, lungs, and liver, mainly through free radical-mediated injury. As no specific antidote is yet available, early diagnosis and the importance of supportive therapy are critical parts of management.

Biomarkers as Prognostic Markers for Aortic Stenosis: A Review.

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most frequent valvular heart disease among the older individuals. Current guidelines indicate intervention for patients with symptomatic or fast progressive severe AS and asymptomatic patients with a reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction by 50%. Interestingly, myocardial damage may have already happened by the time symptoms appear or LV function deteriorates.

Association of Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination.

Among the various side-effects of COVID-19 vaccinations, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has been found to have some interesting association with the vaccinations. This paper mainly focuses on exploring different associations between COVID-19 vaccination and GBS. A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Embase for case reports published until July 2022.

Psychosocial Factors Behind Deliberate Self-Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) is an important cause of hospital admissions and subsequent mortality. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in a tertiary-level teaching hospital situated in the northeastern part of Bangladesh to analyze the psychosocial factors responsible for DSP.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out among patients with DSP admitted to the medicine ward from January to December 2017, irrespective of gender, except for cases involving poisoning due to spoiled food, food contaminated by infectious organisms, poisoning by venomous animals, and street poisoning (commuter or travel-related poisoning).

Antiviral activities of ginseng and its potential and putative benefits against monkeypox virus: A mini review.

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic more than 6 million people have died, and it has bought unprecedented challenges to our lives. The recent outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) has brought out new tensions among the scientific community. Currently, there is no specific treatment protocol for MPXV.

Aducanumab for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.

Aducanumab is a novel disease-modifying anti-amyloid-beta (Aβ) human monoclonal antibody specifically targeted to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It was granted for treating AD in June 2021 by the United States Food and Drug Administration. We systematically analyzed available trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aducanumab treating AD.

HIV-Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy and HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder as an Initial Presentation in HIV Infection.

Several neurological disorders have been described in HIV infection. Vacuolar myelopathy and neurocognitive disorders usually come at an advanced stage of the disease process. Here, we present a case where these features constitute the presenting complaints.