Developing and user testing new pharmacy label formats-A study to inform labelling standards.

Background: Dispensed prescription medicine labels (prescription labels) are important information sources supporting safe and appropriate medicines use.

Objective: To develop and user test patient-centred prescription label formats.

Methods: Five stages: developing 12 labels for four fictitious medicines of varying dosage forms; diagnostic user testing of labels (Round 1) with 40 consumers (each testing three labels); iterative label revision, and development of Round 2 labels (n = 7); user testing of labels (Round 2) with 20 consumers (each testing four labels); labelling recommendations.

Pharmacists' experiences serving culturally and linguistically diverse patients in the Australian community pharmacy setting.

Background There has been no in depth published study to date reporting on community pharmacists' current experiences and their future practice needs relating to providing culturally competent pharmaceutical care to Australian culturally and linguistically diverse patients with low English proficiency. Objective To explore community pharmacists' experiences serving culturally and linguistically diverse patients who have low English proficiency. Setting Community pharmacists in Australia.

Extracellular-Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants-SurfEV.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells that contain a multitude of biomolecules, which act synergistically to signal multiple cell types. EVs are ideal candidates for promoting tissue growth and regeneration. The tissue regenerative potential of EVs raises the tantalizing possibility that immobilizing EVs on implant surfaces could potentially generate highly bioactive and cell-instructive surfaces that would enhance implant integration into the body.

Factors Related to Antibiotic Supply without a Prescription for Common Infections: A Cross-Sectional National Survey in Sri Lanka.

Inappropriate antibiotic use is a problem in Sri Lanka. We investigated pharmacy staff's attitudes towards antibiotic supply for common infections in Sri Lanka. A self-reported cross-sectional survey was conducted among a random sample ( = 369) of pharmacies.

The evolving profile of cognitive pharmaceutical services in Australia.

Globally, the availability and delivery of cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS) by pharmacists has expanded over time. Australia has been no exception to this trend, with government funding to support the provision of certain CPS significantly increasing over the last two decades. Whilst medication management services have been consistently funded by the government for more than 15 years, fluctuations in the funding of other CPS have been observed; for example, certain disease state management CPS and introduction of funded MedsChecks.

Predictors of Health Information-Seeking Behavior: Systematic Literature Review and Network Analysis.

Background: People engage in health information-seeking behavior to support health outcomes, and being able to predict such behavior can inform the development of interventions to guide effective health information seeking. Obtaining a comprehensive list of the predictors of health information-seeking behavior through a systematic search of the literature and exploring the interrelationship of these predictors are critical first steps in this process.

Objective: This study aims to identify significant predictors of health information-seeking behavior in the primary literature, develop a common taxonomy for these predictors, and identify the evolution of the concerned research field.

SARS-CoV-2, surgeons and surgical masks.

The exact risk association of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for surgeons is not quantified which may be affected by their risk of exposure and individual factors. The objective of this review is to quantify the risk of COVID-19 among surgeons, and explore whether facemask can minimise the risk of COVID-19 among surgeons. A systematised review was carried out by searching MEDLINE to locate items on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or COVID-19 in relation to health care workers (HCWs) especially those work in surgical specialities including surgical nurses and intensivists.

First Pass Success Without Adverse Events Is Reduced Equally with Anatomically Difficult Airways and Physiologically Difficult Airways.

Introduction: The goal of emergency airway management is first pass success without adverse events (FPS-AE). Anatomically difficult airways are well appreciated to be an obstacle to this goal. However, little is known about the effect of the physiologically difficult airway with regard to FPS-AE.

Establishing consensus for the education, training and assessment requirements of community pharmacy staff to deliver minor ailments services: A modified Delphi study.

Introduction: Minor ailments services (MASs) are pharmacy-based and support individuals to manage minor conditions. MASs are delivered by community pharmacists and non-pharmacist staff. Limited information exists regarding education, training, assessment requirements, and suitability of existing processes to support MAS delivery.

Self-medication Behavior with antibiotics: a national cross-sectional survey in Sri Lanka.

Background: Antibiotic self-medication is common in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to evaluate the Sri Lankan public's knowledge about and attitudes toward antibiotic use and self-medication, and factors associated with self-medication.

Methods: A national cross-sectional, interviewer-administered, survey of a random household sample (N = 1100) was conducted.

Opt-in or opt-out health-care communication? A cross-sectional study.

Background: Patients need medication and medical condition-related information to better self-manage their health. Health-care professionals (HCPs) should be able to actively provide information outside of one-on-one consultations; however, patient consent may be required.

Objective: To investigate the Australian public's preferences, and factors that may influence their preferences, towards an opt-in versus an opt-out approach to health communication.

Can ultrasound novices develop image acquisition skills after reviewing online ultrasound modules?

Background: Point-of-care ultrasound is becoming a ubiquitous diagnostic tool, and there has been increasing interest to teach novice practitioners. One of the challenges is the scarcity of qualified instructors, and with COVID-19, another challenge is the difficulty with social distancing between learners and educators. The purpose of our study was to determine if ultrasound-naïve operators can learn ultrasound techniques and develop the psychomotor skills to acquire ultrasound images after reviewing SonoSim® online modules.

Development and preliminary evaluation of the Conventional Medicine Disclosure Index.

Background: Non-disclosure of conventional medicine use to complementary medicine health professionals may result in patient harm. Currently, no standardised validated instrument is available to measure reasons for conventional medicine disclosure or non-disclosure.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a multidimensional index for identifying reasons for conventional medicine disclosure and non-disclosure by patients.

Evaluating a large-scale introductory interprofessional education workshop for developing interprofessional socialisation in medical, nursing and pharmacy students: A quasi-experimental pre-test post-test study.

Background: Traditionally, healthcare students have been educated in discipline-specific silos with minimal interprofessional socialisation. Interprofessional education is fundamental for interprofessional socialisation and is an essential component of healthcare education.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a large-scale interprofessional workshop implemented for first year medical, nursing and pharmacy students on changes in attitudes towards interprofessional socialisation and its perceived value.

Digital contact tracing technologies in epidemics: a rapid review.

Background: Reducing the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global priority. Contact tracing identifies people who were recently in contact with an infected individual, in order to isolate them and reduce further transmission. Digital technology could be implemented to augment and accelerate manual contact tracing.

Development and validation of a frailty index based on data routinely collected across multiple domains in NSW hospitals.

Objective(s): To develop and validate a frailty index (FI) that covers multiple domains, using routine hospital data. To investigate the FI's validity, after excluding medication-related items (FI-ExMeds), for studies of frailty and polypharmacy.

Methods: A FI was derived from routine NSW hospital data following standard published guidance.

Understanding professional stakeholders' active resistance to guideline implementation: The case of Canadian breast screening guidelines.

Health guidelines aim to improve patient outcomes through the promotion of evidence-based practice. Yet, when a guideline's recommendations significantly differ from, or threaten the interests, values and preferred practices of end-users, organised and often very public resistance to guideline implementation may result. To explore this phenomenon, we theorise a case study consisting of the public discourse following the update to a primary care breast screening guideline in Canada in 2018.

Mammalian ABCG-transporters, sterols and lipids: To bind perchance to transport?

Members of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family perform a critical function in maintaining lipid homeostasis in cells as well as the transport of drugs. In this review, we provide an update on the ABCG-transporter subfamily member proteins, which include the homodimers ABCG1, ABCG2 and ABCG4 as well as the heterodimeric complex formed between ABCG5 and ABCG8. This review focusses on progress made in this field of research with respect to their function in health and disease and the recognised transporter substrates.

Variations in processes for guideline adaptation: a qualitative study of World Health Organization staff experiences in implementing guidelines.

Background: The World Health Organisation (WHO) publishes a large number of clinical practice and public health guidelines to promote evidence-based practice across the world. Due to the variety of health system capacities and contextual issues in different regions and countries, adapting the recommendations in the guidelines to the local situation is vital for the success of their implementation. We aim to understand the range of experiences with guideline adaptation from the perspectives of those working in WHO regional and country offices.

Exploration of health professional stakeholders' views and experiences regarding minor ailments services' education, training and assessment.

Background Minor ailments services are structured pharmacy-based primary health care services that manage minor conditions. Limited training, education and assessment exists to promote the delivery of minor ailments services by pharmacy staff and it is unclear if the existing training and education processes meet professional requirements. Objective To explore the views and experiences of health professional stakeholders such as community pharmacists, intern pharmacists, medicines counter assistants and general medical practitioners with regards to minor ailments services education, training and assessment practices and preferences.

Tricyclic heterocycles display diverse sensitivity to the A147T TSPO polymorphism.

The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a target for the development of imaging agents to detect neuroinflammation. The clinical utility of second-generation TSPO ligands has been hindered by the presence of a polymorphism, rs6971, which causes a non-conservative substitution of alanine for threonine at amino acid residue 147 (TSPO A147T). Given the complex nature of TSPO binding, and the lack of non-discriminating high-affinity ligands at both wild type and A147T forms of TSPO, a series of novel TSPO ligands containing various heterocyclic scaffolds was developed to explore the pharmacophoric drivers of affinity loss at TSPO A147T.

Using Facebook to recruit to a national online survey investigating complementary medicine product use in pregnancy and lactation: A case study of method.

Background: Online recruitment can be targeted efficiently to recruit specific samples for survey research. It has been shown to be a cost-effective method of recruitment, and useful for geographically dispersed populations.

Objectives: To describe the use of Facebook to recruit a targeted sample of expectant and breastfeeding mothers to a national online survey.