Patterns of physical activity of people with COPD during participation in a pulmonary rehabilitation program.

Introduction: Very few studies have examined patterns of physical activity (PA) during a pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program in people with COPD.

Aims: To compare the patterns of PA in: 1) the week before commencing PR (pre-PR) with a week during PR (PR week); 2) PR days and non-PR days during a PR week; 3) pre-PR and the week following PR completion (post-PR).

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective cohort study.

Multifaceted Interventions Inclusive of Medication Optimization for Frailty in Aged Care: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Implementation of best practice frailty guidelines in residential aged care is currently unclear, and there is a particular scarcity of evidence regarding multifaceted frailty treatments inclusive of medication optimization in these settings, despite the bidirectional relationship between polypharmacy and frailty. This review aimed to retrieve all relevant literature and evaluate the effect of medication optimization delivered in conjunction with exercise and/or nutritional interventions in the best-practice management of frailty in residential aged care.

Design: Systematic review with a qualitative synthesis.

Exercise in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: A position statement from Exercise and Sports Science Australia.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine condition amongst females of reproductive age, leading to lifelong cardiometabolic, reproductive, psychological, and dermatologic symptoms as well as a reduced quality of life. Lifestyle interventions, which can include structured exercise programmes delivered by appropriately trained exercise professionals such as clinical exercise physiologists, are considered first-line strategies in PCOS management due to their therapeutic effects on various health outcomes and quality of life. This position statement builds on the 2023 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of PCOS and describes the role of the exercise professional in the context of the multidisciplinary care team which includes physicians and allied health professionals.

Effect of a 4-Week Telerehabilitation Program for People With Post-COVID Syndrome on Physical Function and Symptoms: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: COVID-19 has led to significant morbidity and mortality globally. Post-COVID sequelae can persist beyond the acute and subacute phases of infection, often termed post-COVID syndrome (PCS). There is limited evidence on the appropriate rehabilitation for people with PCS.

"If I use pad, I feel comfortable and safe": a mixed-method analysis of knowledge, attitude, and practice of menstrual hygiene management among in-school adolescent girls in a Nigerian city.

Background: Adolescence is a pivotal stage in human development that presents unique challenges, especially for girls navigating the complexities of menstruation. Despite the importance of menstrual hygiene management for adolescent girls' well-being, this vital aspect of personal health is often overlooked, particularly in regions where cultural stigma prevails. This study examines knowledge, attitude, and practice of menstrual hygiene management among in-school adolescent girls in Abuja, Nigeria.

The Association between cognitive impairment and anthropometric indices among the elderly: birjand longitudinal aging study.

Background: The population of older adults has been consistently on the rise. We aimed to assess the possible relationship between cognitive decline and anthropometric indices in older adults, using data from the Birjand longitudinal aging study (BLAS).

Methods: In this cross-sectional research, the association between cognitive impairment as determined by two tests (Six Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6-CIT)) and (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) and anthropometric indices including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist to height ratio (WHtR), waist to hip ratio (WHR), body roundness index (BRI), and a body shape index (ABSI) were assessed among 1353 elderly ≥ 60 years old, participating in the BLAS cohort study (September 2018 to April 2019).

Efficacy of Morning Shorter Wavelength Lighting in the Visible (Blue) Range and Broad-Spectrum or Blue-Enriched Bright White Light in Regulating Sleep, Mood, and Fatigue in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) profoundly affects sleep, mood, and fatigue, impeding daily functioning and recovery. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of morning shorter wavelength lighting in the visible (blue) range and broad-spectrum or blue-enriched bright white light exposure in mitigating these challenges among TBI patients. Through electronic database searches up to May 2023, studies assessing sleep, circadian rhythm, sleepiness, mood, and fatigue outcomes in TBI patients exposed to morning shorter wavelength lighting in the visible (blue) range and broad-spectrum or blue-enriched bright white light were identified.

Walking training with auditory cueing improves walking speed more than walking training alone in ambulatory people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.

Questions: In people with Parkinson's disease, what is the effect of adding external cueing (ie, visual, auditory or somatosensorial cueing) to walking training compared with walking training alone in terms of walking, mobility, balance, fear of falling and freezing? Are any benefits carried over to participation or maintained beyond the intervention period?

Design: Systematic review of randomised trials with meta-analysis.

Participants: Ambulatory adults with Parkinson's disease.

Intervention: Walking training with external cueing compared with walking training without external cueing.

Voice disorder discrimination using vowel acoustic measures in female speakers.

Background: Sustained vowels are important vocal tasks that have been investigated in discriminating voice disorders using acoustic analysis. To date, no study has combined vowel acoustic measures only that evaluate major aspects of the pathological voice signals in voice disorder discrimination.

Aims: To investigate the value of vowel acoustic measures that quantify glottal noise, signal stability, signal periodicity, spectral slope and overall voice quality in discriminating female speakers with and without voice disorders.

Effects of age and playing position on field-based physical fitness measures in adolescent female soccer players.

Background: While numerous studies have explored age and playing position effects on fitness levels in male adolescent soccer players, research on female players in this context is lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of age and playing position on field-based physical fitness measures in adolescent female soccer players, with consideration for maturity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 284 females aged 12.

Heading in football: a systematic review of descriptors, definitions, and reporting methods used in heading incidence studies.

The primary objective of this systematic review was to describe the number and type of heading descriptors used in all published studies which report on heading incidence in football. The secondary objective was to detail the data collection and reporting methods used in the included studies to present heading incidence data. Eligible studies were identified through searches of five electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science, using a combination of free-text keywords (inception to 12th September 2023).

Clinicians' Decision-Making Regarding Telehealth Services: Focus Group Study in Pediatric Allied Health.

Background: Many allied health services now provide both telehealth and in-person services following a rapid integration of telehealth as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about how decisions are made about which clinical appointments to provide via telehealth versus in person.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore clinicians' decision-making when contemplating telehealth for their clients, including the factors they consider and how they weigh up these different factors, and the clinicians' perceptions of telehealth utility beyond COVID-19 lockdowns.

Correlation of Noninvasive Cardiac MRI Measures of Left Ventricular Myocardial Function and Invasive Pressure-Volume Parameters in a Porcine Ischemia-Reperfusion Model.

Purpose To assess the correlation between noninvasive cardiac MRI-derived parameters with pressure-volume (PV) loop data and evaluate changes in left ventricular function after myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and Methods Sixteen adult female swine were induced with MI, with six swine used as controls and 10 receiving platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB). Load-independent measures of cardiac function, including slopes of end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) and preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW), were obtained on day 28 after MI.

A Mixed Methods Approach to Explore the Experience of Pain and Its Management in People with Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Pain in Parkinson's disease (PD) is common but poorly understood, with most research to date taking a mechanistic approach. This mixed methods study takes a broader biopsychosocial approach to assess and describe contributors of pain and explore pain management and the relationship between pain and physical activity in people with PD (PwPD) and chronic pain.

Methods: A structured survey evaluated respondents' contributors of pain using standardized, self-report assessments of the following: pain, peripheral neuropathy, central nociplastic change, emotional dysregulation or pathology, and maladaptive cognitions.

The effects of wearing textured versus smooth shoe insoles for 4-weeks in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: To determine whether short-term wear of textured insoles alters balance, gait, foot sensation, physical activity, or patient-reported outcomes, in people with diabetic neuropathy.

Materials And Methods: 53 adults with diabetic neuropathy were randomised to wear textured or smooth insoles for 4-weeks. At baseline and post-intervention, balance (foam/firm surface; eyes open/closed) and walking were assessed whilst barefoot, wearing shoes only, and two insoles (textured/smooth).

The mental health-related barriers and benefits to exercise in adults with and without chronic pain.

Background: Qualitative evidence points to the importance of both mental health-related barriers and benefits to exercise in chronic pain, yet this bidirectional relationship has not been established quantitatively.

Methods: 89 adults with chronic pain (75 female, Age: M = 34.7, SD=13.

A behaviour change intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To document the experiences of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who underwent a behaviour change intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour (SB) in a clinical trial.

Design And Participants: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to explore perspectives of the behaviour change intervention and specific intervention components in people with stable COPD on the waitlist for pulmonary rehabilitation.

Setting: Three outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programmes in Sydney, Australia.

The Clinical Management of Electrical Stimulation Therapies in the Rehabilitation of Individuals with Spinal Cord Injuries.

People with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) often have trouble remaining active because of paralysis. In the past, exercise recommendations focused on the non-paralyzed muscles in the arms, which provides limited benefits. However, recent studies show that electrical stimulation can help engage the paralyzed extremities, expanding the available muscle mass for exercise.

Reliability of a Smartphone App to Objectively Monitor Performance Outcomes in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Observational Study.

Background: Developing new clinical measures for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is an AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research, an international and multi-stakeholder partnership, priority. Difficulties in detecting DCM and its changes cause diagnostic and treatment delays in clinical settings and heightened costs in clinical trials due to elevated recruitment targets. Digital outcome measures can tackle these challenges due to their ability to measure disease remotely, repeatedly, and more economically.

Tacklers' shoulder abduction and flexion at contact alter when engaging in different front-on, one-on-one tackle instructions from an expert coach.

Objectives: To ascertain how the three-dimensional shoulder kinematics of tacklers alter when performing four legal types of front-on, one-on-one, rugby-style torso tackles.

Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Methods: Three-dimensional motion capture measured 15 male amateur-level rugby code players (24.

Digital Apps to Improve Mobility in Adults with Neurological Conditions: A Health App-Focused Systematic Review.

The provision of mobility exercises through a smartphone application (app) for people undertaking neurological rehabilitation may improve mobility outcomes. However, it is difficult for clinicians and consumers to select high-quality, appropriate apps. This review aimed to identify (1) which mobile health (mHealth) apps are suitable for prescribing mobility exercises for adults with neurological health conditions, (2) how well these apps incorporate telehealth strategies, and (3) how well these apps rate in terms of quality and capacity for behaviour change.

Urinary Incontinence in Active Female Young Adults: Healthcare Preferences, Priorities and Experiences.

Introduction And Hypothesis: There is a paucity of evidence on the healthcare preferences of active female young adults with urinary incontinence (UI). This research is aimed at examining the population's healthcare preferences and priorities and their characteristics and experiences to improve access to and use of services.

Methods: This cross-sectional online survey study used a convenience community sample.