Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.

Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.

Genome-wide association study reveals heat tolerance QTL for canopy-closure and early flowering in chickpea.

Chickpeas are a vital source of protein and starch for a large portion of the world's population and are known to be impacted by heat stress at every life stage. Previously known as an "Orphan Legume", little is known of the genetic control of heat stress tolerance, and most previous research has focused on heat avoidance rather than tolerance. This study utilised a population of 148 chickpea genotypes, primarily Kabulis, in 12 field trials conducted at 2 locations, two sowing periods, and across 3 years.

Pinpointing the timing of meiosis: a critical factor in evaluating the impact of abiotic stresses on the fertility of cereal crops.

The development of male gametes, vital to sexual reproduction in crops, requires meiosis followed by successive mitotic cell divisions of haploid cells. The formation of viable pollen is especially vulnerable to abiotic stress, with consequences both for yield and for grain quality. An understanding of key molecular responses when specific stages during pollen development are subjected to stress (e.

NPKGRIDS: a global georeferenced dataset of N, PO, and KO fertilizer application rates for 173 crops.

We introduce NPKGRIDS, a new geospatial dataset, providing for the first time data on application rates for all three main plant nutrients, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P, in terms of phosphorus pentoxide, PO) and potassium (K, in terms of potassium oxide, KO) across 173 crops as of 2020, with a geospatial resolution of 0.05° (approximately 5.6 km at the equator).

Fresh produce-associated foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia, 2001 to 2017.

Fresh produce is an important source of foodborne outbreaks in Australia. Using descriptive analysis, we examined confirmed and suspected foodborne outbreaks associated with fresh produce in Australia recorded in the OzFoodNet outbreak register from 2001 to 2017. The outbreak register contains reports of foodborne disease outbreaks collected by OzFoodNet epidemiologists and public health officials.

The impact of rainfall on beef cattle growth across diverse climate zones.

Genetics, animal husbandry, and the feedbase all impact cattle growth. Australia's cattle feedbase covers 40% of the continent and encompasses diverse climates and landscapes, making stocking rate decisions challenging. Of the factors contributing to climate change, rainfall is a primary determinant of feedbase growth and, with this, cattle growth.

Physicochemically protected organic carbon release is the rate-limiting step of rhizosphere priming in paddy soils.

Iron oxides affect the stability of soil organic matter (SOM), which in turn affects greenhouse gas emissions in paddy soils. They also regulate the direction and magnitude of the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE) by restricting SOM accessibility and microbial activity. However, the controlling steps and key factors that regulate the RPE magnitude under anoxic conditions are unknown.

Linkages between Soil Security and One Health: implications for the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.

Soil provides multiple and diverse functions (e.g., the provision of food and the regulation of carbon), which underpin the health of animals, humans, the environment and the planet.

Milk consumption and behavior of calves in automated calf feeders as early indicators of weaning liveweight.

Modern intensive dairy farming relies on data to aid and prioritize management decisions made on farm. Decisions made early in an animal's life can have lasting effects on welfare, productivity, longevity, and profitability. Precision technology such as automated calf feeders (ACF) allow the customization of feeding programs, but despite this, weaning weights (WWT) vary substantially between calves.

Smallholder farmers' challenges and opportunities: Implications for agricultural production, environment and food security.

In an era of growing environmental, socioeconomic, and market uncertainties, understanding the adaptive strategies of smallholder farmers is paramount for sustainable agricultural productivity and environmental management efforts. We adopted a mixed-methods approach to investigate the adaptive strategies of smallholders in Northwest Cambodia. Our methodology included downscaled climate projections to project future climate conditions and scenarios, household surveys to collect detailed demographic and socioeconomic data, crop monitoring and record-keeping to gather data on productivity and profitability, and semi-structured interviews to obtain qualitative insights on constraints and adaptation.

Nontargeted Lipidomics of Sorghum Grain Reveals Novel Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids and Cultivar Differences in Lipid Profiles.

Sorghum, a globally grown gluten-free cereal, is used mainly as an animal feed in developed countries regardless of its potential for human consumption. In this study, we utilized nontargeted lipidomics to thoroughly analyze, compare, and characterize whole-grain lipids in six sorghum cultivars (cv) grown in a single field trial in Australia: Buster, Bazley, Cracker, Liberty, MR43, and Tiger. In total, 194 lipid molecular species representing five major lipid classes were identified.

Identifying the physiological traits associated with DNA marker using genome wide association in wheat under heat stress.

Heat stress poses a significant environmental challenge that profoundly impacts wheat productivity. It disrupts vital physiological processes such as photosynthesis, by impeding the functionality of the photosynthetic apparatus and compromising plasma membrane stability, thereby detrimentally affecting grain development in wheat. The scarcity of identified marker trait associations pertinent to thermotolerance presents a formidable obstacle in the development of marker-assisted selection strategies against heat stress.

Wheat genetic resources have avoided disease pandemics, improved food security, and reduced environmental footprints: A review of historical impacts and future opportunities.

The use of plant genetic resources (PGR)-wild relatives, landraces, and isolated breeding gene pools-has had substantial impacts on wheat breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, while increasing nutritional value, end-use quality, and grain yield. In the Global South, post-Green Revolution genetic yield gains are generally achieved with minimal additional inputs. As a result, production has increased, and millions of hectares of natural ecosystems have been spared.

No improvement in AUDIT-C screening and brief intervention rates among wait-list controls following support of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services: evidence from a cluster randomised trial.

Background: While Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are less likely to drink any alcohol than other Australians, those who drink are more likely to experience adverse alcohol-related health consequences. In a previous study, providing Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) with training and support increased the odds of clients receiving AUDIT-C alcohol screening. A follow-up study found that these results were maintained for at least two years, but there was large variability in the effectiveness of the intervention between services.

Wholegrain triticale sourdough: Effects of triticale:Wheat flour ratio and hydration level on bread quality.

Triticale (×) is a hybrid between wheat ( spp.) and rye (), producing higher grain yields than wheat in challenging environments. Triticale grain is also highly nutritious.

Root nitrogen reallocation: what makes it matter?

Root nitrogen (N) reallocation involves remobilization of root N-storage pools to support shoot growth. Representing a critical yet underexplored facet of plant function, we developed innovative frameworks to elucidate its connections with key ecosystem components. First, root N reallocation increases with plant species richness and N-acquisition strategies, driven by competitive stimulation of plant N demand and synergies in N uptake.

CROPGRIDS: a global geo-referenced dataset of 173 crops.

CROPGRIDS is a comprehensive global geo-referenced dataset providing area information for 173 crops for the year 2020, at a resolution of 0.05° (about 5.6 km at the equator).

WITHDRAWN: Trace metals translocation from soil to plants: Health risk assessment via consumption of vegetables in the urban sprawl of a developing country.

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