Genetic identification, morphology and distribution of subspecies in southern and western Switzerland (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes).

Most of Switzerland is inhabited by the nominotypical subspecies of the barred grass snake (), which is characterized by mitochondrial DNA lineage E. Only in the northeast of the country, the common grass snake () occurs and hybridizes with in a narrow contact zone. However, we discovered that in southern and western Switzerland barred grass snakes representing another mtDNA lineage (lineage C) are widely distributed.

Five times over: 42 new species highlight Southeast Asia's rich biodiversity (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Hypselostomatidae).

The Southeast Asian genus , currently comprising 13 nominal species, encompasses the world's tiniest land snails. This work shows that there are far more species than previously suspected, and that this genus is in fact, a very speciose group of tiny snails widely distributed in Southeast Asia. is revised based on type material of known species as well as 211 samples newly collected in China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.

A taxonomic revision of ten whitefish species from the lakes Lucerne, Sarnen, Sempach and Zug, Switzerland, with descriptions of seven new species (Teleostei, Coregonidae).

The taxonomy of the endemic whitefish of the lakes of the Reuss River system (Lucerne, Sarnen, Zug) and Lake Sempach, Switzerland, is reviewed and revised. Lake Lucerne harbours five species. and , are described.

On the verge of extinction - revision of a highly endangered Swiss alpine snail with description of a new genus, gen. nov. (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hygromiidae).

The phylogenetic status of the alpine land snail has remained questionable since it was described by Eder in 1917. Considered a microendemic species from mountain tops in Central Switzerland, the shell is specially adapted for life under stones. Herein, we show via molecular and anatomical investigations that neither belongs to the land snail genus , nor to any other genus within Trochulini, but rather warrants placement within the newly established genus Kneubühler, Baggenstos & Neubert, 2022.

Revision of the " (Benson, 1836)" group (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Camaenidae).

(Benson, 1836), known from northeastern India, was believed to have three varietal forms, sometimes mentioned as subspecies: C.delibratavar.khasiensis (Nevill, 1877) and C.

Incongruent molecular and morphological variation in the crab spider (Araneae, Thomisidae) in Europe.

Establishing species boundaries is one of the challenges taxonomists around the world have been tackling for centuries. The relation between intraspecific and interspecific variability is still under discussion and in many taxa it remains understudied. Here the hypothesis of single versus multiple species of the crab spider (Fabricius) is tested.

New genetic data reveals a new species of in Bosnia (Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychiinae).

Recent integrative investigations of the terrestrial ellobiid genus, , have revealed significant findings concerning its Alpine-Dinaric evolution and taxonomy. Due to the expected discrepancy between the useful, but limited, 1970s' classification system based on shell data and the results of recent genetic analyses in the latest investigation, a revision of the entire radiation was undertaken, and a new classification system was devised by the present authors in an earlier paper. Concurrent to this work, molecular sequences from two Austrian caves were published independently of our revision by another research group.

Two species? - Limits of the species concepts in the pygmy grasshoppers of the complex (Orthoptera, Tetrigidae).

Today, integrative taxonomy is often considered the gold standard when it comes to species recognition and delimitation. Using the complex, we here present a case where even integrative taxonomy may reach its limits. The complex consists of two morphs, and , which are easily distinguished by a single character, the length of the hind wing.

A taxonomic revision of the whitefish of lakes Brienz and Thun, Switzerland, with descriptions of four new species (Teleostei, Coregonidae).

The alpha taxonomy of the endemic whitefish of lakes Brienz and Thun, Switzerland, is revised. We evaluate the status of seven known species: , and are endemic to Lake Thun; is endemic to Lake Brienz; and , , and from lakes Brienz and Thun are redescribed. One of these species, , is revised, since the lectotype for this species is incongruent with the species description given by Kottelat (1997) and Kottelat and Freyhof (2007).

Eleven years' data of grassland management in Germany.

Background: The 150 grassland plots were located in three study regions in Germany, 50 in each region. The dataset describes the yearly grassland management for each grassland plot using 116 variables.General information includes plot identifier, study region and survey year.

New insights in Pilsbry, 1891 and its relatives (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae).

The genus Schileyko, 2018 was described based on a specimen identified as Helix (Chloritis) pseudomiara Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1909. We concluded that the examined specimen is not that species, but Crosse & Fischer, 1863. Therefore, (1) the type species of must be replaced with ; (2) the species Helix (Chloritis) pseudomiara must be re-allocated to the genus ; (3) the erroneous treatment of the genus by Schileyko (2007) needs to be corrected through the description of a new genus, .

Fulfilling the taxonomic consequence after DNA Barcoding: sp. n. (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae) from Panama is described using computed tomographic (CT) imaging.

Five years ago, the Panamanian evolutionary lineage (EL) C12 was uncovered along with four other ELs in an integrative phylogenetic investigation of worldwide Carychiidae. Since EL C12 lacked shell material post-molecular analysis to serve as a museum voucher, it remained undescribed. Now, after recent collection efforts of C12 and the congener, Jochum & Weigand, 2017 at their original Panamanian sites, C12 is morphologically described and formally assigned the name, Jochum, In sync with recent taxonomic treatment of the genus, computed tomography (CT) is used in this work to differentiate shells of from geographically-proximal, Caribbean, North and Central American congeners.

Eating Behavior, Low-Frequency Functional Mutations in the Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) Gene, and Outcomes of Bariatric Operations: A 6-Year Prospective Study.

Objective: Data on the effects of eating behavior and genetics on outcomes of gastrointestinal surgery for diabesity have been sparse, often flawed, and controversial. We aimed to assess long-term outcomes of bariatric operations in patients characterized for eating behavior and rare mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene, which is strongly implicated in energy balance.

Research Design And Methods: Between 1996 and 2005, 1,264 severely obese Swiss patients underwent current laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, gastroduodenal bypass, or a hybrid operation.

Incremental value of copeptin in suspected acute myocardial infarction very early after symptom onset.

Background: Patients presenting very early after chest pain onset may provide a diagnostic challenge even when using a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTnT). We hypothesized that in these patients the incremental value of copeptin in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may be substantial.

Methods: We aimed to investigate the incremental value of copeptin in a pre-specified subgroup analysis of patients presenting with suspected AMI to the emergency department within 2 hours of symptom onset in a multicenter study.

Mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: Consensus statement by ESO-Karolinska Stroke Update 2014/2015, supported by ESO, ESMINT, ESNR and EAN.

The original version of this consensus statement on mechanical thrombectomy was approved at the European Stroke Organisation (ESO)-Karolinska Stroke Update conference in Stockholm, 16-18 November 2014. The statement has later, during 2015, been updated with new clinical trials data in accordance with a decision made at the conference. Revisions have been made at a face-to-face meeting during the ESO Winter School in Berne in February, through email exchanges and the final version has then been approved by each society.

Two faces of group-based shame: moral shame and image shame differentially predict positive and negative orientations to ingroup wrongdoing.

This article proposes distinctions between guilt and two forms of shame: Guilt arises from a violated norm and is characterized by a focus on specific behavior; shame can be characterized by a threatened social image (Image Shame) or a threatened moral essence (Moral Shame). Applying this analysis to group-based emotions, three correlational studies are reported, set in the context of atrocities committed by (British) ingroup members during the Iraq war (Ns = 147, 256, 399). Results showed that the two forms of shame could be distinguished.

Vitamin E: non-antioxidant roles.

Vitamin E was originally considered a dietary factor of animal nutrition especially important for normal reproduction. The significance of vitamin E has been subsequently proven as a radical chain breaking antioxidant that can protect the integrity of tissues and play an important role in life processes. More recently alpha-tocopherol has been found to possess functions that are independent of its antioxidant/radical scavenging ability.