Association Between Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy and Angiographic Multivessel Disease on Outcomes in Patients Treated With Newer-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents.

Background: There is general agreement that the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients treated with drug-eluting stents should be individualized. We hypothesized that the extent of coronary artery disease may affect the clinical outcomes of DAPT.

Methods And Results: We pooled patient-level data from 5 large, randomized trials comparing short-term DAPT with prolonged therapy.

Ribociclib as First-Line Therapy for HR-Positive, Advanced Breast Cancer.

Background: The inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) could potentially overcome or delay resistance to endocrine therapy in advanced breast cancer that is positive for hormone receptor (HR) and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).

Methods: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the selective CDK4/6 inhibitor ribociclib combined with letrozole for first-line treatment in 668 postmenopausal women with HR-positive, HER2-negative recurrent or metastatic breast cancer who had not received previous systemic therapy for advanced disease. We randomly assigned the patients to receive either ribociclib (600 mg per day on a 3-weeks-on, 1-week-off schedule) plus letrozole (2.

[If you go looking for trouble you'll find it. Urticarial reactions to insects of our local areas].

Itchy skin rashes are a frequent reason to seek medical advice. The symptoms may be caused by hypersensitivity reactions to arthropod bites, waterborne parasites or setae from moth caterpillars and are sometimes mistaken for spontaneous urticaria or eczema. Some of these pests are resurging in Switzerland and elsewhere and increasingly responsible for emergency consultation.

Differential Regulation of Clathrin and Its Adaptor Proteins during Membrane Recruitment for Endocytosis.

In plants, clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is dependent on the function of clathrin and its accessory heterooligomeric adaptor protein complexes, ADAPTOR PROTEIN2 (AP-2) and the TPLATE complex (TPC), and is negatively regulated by the hormones auxin and salicylic acid (SA). The details for how clathrin and its adaptor complexes are recruited to the plasma membrane (PM) to regulate CME, however, are poorly understood. We found that SA and the pharmacological CME inhibitor tyrphostin A23 reduce the membrane association of clathrin and AP-2, but not that of the TPC, whereas auxin solely affected clathrin membrane association, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

In Vivo Profiling and Distribution of Known and Novel Phase I and Phase II Metabolites of Efavirenz in Plasma, Urine, and Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Efavirenz (EFV) is principally metabolized by CYP2B6 to 8-hydroxy-efavirenz (8OH-EFV) and to a lesser extent by CYP2A6 to 7-hydroxy-efavirenz (7OH-EFV). So far, most metabolite profile analyses have been restricted to 8OH-EFV, 7OH-EFV, and EFV-N-glucuronide, even though these metabolites represent a minor percentage of EFV metabolites present in vivo. We have performed a quantitative phase I and II metabolite profile analysis by tandem mass spectrometry of plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine samples in 71 human immunodeficiency virus patients taking efavirenz, prior to and after enzymatic (glucuronidase and sulfatase) hydrolysis.

A compendium of strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections in acute care hospitals: 2014 updates.

Since the publication of "A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals" in 2008, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has become a national priority. Despite improvements, preventable HAIs continue to occur. The 2014 updates to the Compendium were created to provide acute care hospitals with up-to-date, practical, expert guidance to assist in prioritizing and implementing their HAI prevention efforts.

Assessing predicted HIV-1 replicative capacity in a clinical setting.

HIV-1 replicative capacity (RC) provides a measure of within-host fitness and is determined in the context of phenotypic drug resistance testing. However it is unclear how these in-vitro measurements relate to in-vivo processes. Here we assess RCs in a clinical setting by combining a previously published machine-learning tool, which predicts RC values from partial pol sequences with genotypic and clinical data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

Polarization effects and charge transfer in the KcsA potassium channel.

The electronic structure of the selectivity filter of KcsA K(+) channel is investigated by density functional theory (DFT/BLYP) and QM/MM methods. The quantum part includes the selectivity filter, which is polarized by the electrostatic field of the environment treated with the Amber force field. The details of the electronic structure were investigated using the maximally localized Wannier function centers of charge and Bader's atoms in molecules charge analysis.

Evidence for distinct mechanisms of starch granule breakdown in plants.

The aim of this work was to understand the initial steps of starch breakdown inside chloroplasts. In the non-living endosperm of germinating cereal grains, starch breakdown is initiated by alpha-amylase secreted from surrounding cells. However, loss of alpha-amylase from Arabidopsis does not prevent chloroplastic starch breakdown (Yu, T.

Long distance control of MHC class II expression by multiple distal enhancers regulated by regulatory factor X complex and CIITA.

MHC class II (MHC-II) genes are regulated by an enhanceosome complex containing two gene-specific transcription factors, regulatory factor X complex (RFX) and CIITA. These factors assemble on a strictly conserved regulatory module (S-X-X2-Y) found immediately upstream of the promoters of all classical and nonclassical MHC-II genes as well as the invariant chain (Ii) gene. To identify new targets of RFX and CIITA, we developed a computational approach based on the unique and highly constrained architecture of the composite S-Y motif.

Feasibility study of an online toxicological sensor based on the optical waveguide technique.

Morphological properties of the cells often change as an early response to the presence of a pharmacologically acting toxic substance [Etcheverry, S.B., Crans, D.