Emergent Carotid Stenting During Thrombectomy in Tandem Occlusions Secondary to Dissection: A STOP-CAD Secondary Study.

The optimal endovascular management of cervical carotid dissection causing tandem occlusion remains uncertain. We investigated the impact of emergent carotid stenting during endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients with tandem occlusion secondary to cervical carotid artery dissection. This was a secondary analysis of patients treated with EVT for AIS due to occlusive carotid artery dissection and tandem occlusion included in the retrospective international Antithrombotic Treatment for Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection (STOP-CAD) study.

Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke Beyond the 4.5-Hour Window: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: A minority of patients with stroke qualify for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) within 4.5-hour window. The safety and efficacy of IVT beyond this period have not been well studied.

Potential Infectious Complications in Pig Xenograft Donors and Recipients.

Preclinical and clinical xenotransplantation trials have shown that successful outcomes depend on a number of factors including the prevention of xenozoonoses. Preclinical trials involving pig kidneys and hearts transplanted into various non-human primates have revealed the potential impact of pig pathogens being present in the transplanted organ/tissue, mainly viruses. The concept of "designated pathogen-free donor animals" was developed to ensure elimination of pathogens during the breeding of donor animals to mitigate this occurrence.

Low temperature thermal RAFT depolymerization: the effect of Z-group substituents on molecular weight control and yield.

The labile end-groups inherent to many controlled radical polymerization methodologies, including atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, can trigger the efficient chemical recycling of polymethacrylates yielding high percentages of pristine monomer. Yet, current thermal solution ATRP and RAFT depolymerization strategies require relatively high temperatures ( 120-170 °C) to proceed, with slower depolymerization rates, and moderate yields often reported under milder reaction conditions ( lower temperatures). In this work, we seek to promote the low temperature RAFT depolymerization of polymethacrylates regulating the Z-group substitution of dithiobenzoate.

A scoping review and expert consensus on digital determinants of health.

Objective: To map how social, commercial, political and digital determinants of health have changed or emerged during the recent digital transformation of society and to identify priority areas for policy action.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science on 24 September 2023, to identify eligible reviews published in 2018 and later. To ensure we included the most recent literature, we supplemented our review with non-systematic searches in PubMed® and Google Scholar, along with records identified by subject matter experts.

Artificial intelligence, recessionary pressures and population health.

Economic and labour policies have a considerable influence on health and well-being through direct financial impacts, and by shaping social and physical environments. Strong economies are important for public health investment and employment, yet the rapid rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to reshape economies, presenting challenges beyond mere temporary market disruption. Generative AI can perform non-routine cognitive tasks, previously unattainable though traditional automation, creating new efficiencies.

Optimizing woodcutting with zirconia-toughened alumina: Processing, performance, and industrial insights.

Since the 1950s, the woodcutting industry has relied heavily on tungsten carbide (WC) cutting tools to overcome the challenges posed by the complex structure of wood, including hard knots and abrasive elements such as sand and tannic acids. These demands require cutting tools with superior thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. However, the rising cost of WC materials has prompted the search for alternative solutions.

Prevalence and predictive factors of testosterone-induced erythrocytosis: a retrospective single center study.

Aim: This study analyzes the prevalence and predictive factors of testosterone-induced erythrocytosis (TIE) in patients receiving testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).

Methods: Retrospective single-center observational study.

Results: 247 patients were included; median age was 47.

Caspase-1 activation, IL-1/IL-6 signature and IFNγ-induced chemokines in lungs of COVID-19 patients.

Rationale: COVID-19-associated acute-respiratory distress syndrome (C-ARDS) results from a direct viral injury associated with host excessive innate immune response mainly affecting the lungs. However, cytokine profile in the lung compartment of C-ARDS patients has not been widely studied, nor compared to non-COVID related ARDS (NC-ARDS).

Objectives: To evaluate caspase-1 activation, IL-1 signature, and other inflammatory cytokine pathways associated with tissue damage using post-mortem lung tissues, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF), and serum across the spectrum of COVID-19 severity.

Genomics costing tool: considerations for improving cost-efficiencies through cross scenario comparison.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is crucial for monitoring and investigating infectious disease outbreaks, providing essential data for public health decisions. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly expanded pathogen sequencing and bioinformatics capacities worldwide, creating an opportunity to leverage these advancements for other pathogens with pandemic and epidemic potential. In response to the need for a systematic cost estimation approach for sustainable genomic surveillance, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, five institutions collaborated to develop the genomics costing tool (GCT).

Underutilization of coper/non-coper screening in anterior cruciate ligament injuries management in Italy: an online survey.

Introduction: Total and sub-total lesions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are one of the most frequent and performance-limiting injuries to the knee joint within the active population. Early surgical management, often regarded as the primary management strategy, has recently been shown to have similar outcomes when compared with an initial rehabilitative approach followed by surgical ACL reconstruction if higher levels of functionality are needed. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the physiotherapists and orthopedic surgeons' "coper/non-coper" screening application in the clinical management of the patient after ACL injury.

Spin-orbit interaction driven terahertz nonlinear dynamics in transition metals.

The interplay of electronic charge, spin, and orbital currents, coherently driven by picosecond long oscillations of light fields in spin-orbit coupled systems, is the foundation of emerging terahertz lightwave spintronics and orbitronics. The essential rules for how terahertz fields interact with these systems in a nonlinear way are still not understood. In this work, we demonstrate a universally applicable electronic nonlinearity originating from spin-orbit interactions in conducting materials, wherein the interplay of light-induced spin and orbital textures manifests.

Impact of the external knee flexion moment on patello-femoral loading derived from loads and kinematics.

Introduction: Anterior knee pain and other patello-femoral (PF) complications frequently limit the success of total knee arthroplasty as the final treatment of end stage osteoarthritis. However, knowledge about the loading conditions at the PF joint remains limited, as no direct measurements are available. We hypothesised that the external knee flexion moment (EFM) is highly predictive of the PF contact forces during activities with substantial flexion of the loaded knee.

Comparative Evaluation of Remaining Dentin Thickness Using Manual Protapers, Protaper Gold, and Reciprocating Waveone Gold in Single-Rooted Teeth With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An In-Vitro Study.

Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the remaining dentinal thickness in the single-rooted tooth at the coronal, middle, and apical third using three different rotary instrumentation techniques using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methodology: Sixty-eight noncarious single-rooted teeth were collected and decoronated at the level of cementoenamel junction with a diamond disc. All specimens were randomly divided into three experimental groups - Manual ProTaper Universal (PTU; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), Protaper Gold (PTG; Dentsply Maillefer), Waveone Gold (Dentsply Maillefer) and one control group of 17 teeth each.

The Role of Dectin-1-Akt-RNF146 Pathway in β-Glucan Induced Immune Trained State of Monocyte in Sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is regarded as a dysregulated immune response to infections. Recent study showed partially reversal of immunosuppression by trained immunity, which fosters an enhanced immune response towards a secondary challenge. However, the role of trained immunity in sepsis has not been fully understood.

Spatiotemporal variation in size-dependent growth rates in small isolated populations of Arctic charr ().

As a key life-history trait, growth rates are often used to measure individual performance and to inform parameters in demographic models. Furthermore, intraspecific trait variation generates diversity in nature. Therefore, partitioning out and understanding drivers of spatiotemporal variation in growth rate is of fundamental interest in ecology and evolution.

Reconstruction of feeding behaviour and diet in Devonian ctenacanth chondrichthyans using dental microwear texture and finite element analyses.

Devonian ctenacanth chondrichthyans reached body sizes similar to modern great white sharks and therefore might have been apex predators of the Devonian seas. However, very little is known about the diet and feeding behaviours of these large ancestral sharks. To reconstruct their ecological properties, teeth of the large Famennian (Late Devonian) chondrichthyan from the Anti-Atlas, Morocco, were analysed.

Feline sacroiliac luxation: comparison of fluoroscopy-controlled freehand vs. computer-navigated drilling in the sacrum-a cadaveric study.

Introduction: Sacroiliac luxation is a common traumatic feline injury, with the small size of the sacral body being a challenge for surgical stabilization. This study compared an innovative computer-guided drilling method with the conventional fluoroscopy-controlled freehand technique. Neuronavigation, using CT-based planning and real-time tracking, was evaluated against the freehand method for accuracy and time efficiency.

Analysis and prediction of atmospheric ozone concentrations using machine learning.

Atmospheric ozone chemistry involves various substances and reactions, which makes it a complex system. We analyzed data recorded by Switzerland's National Air Pollution Monitoring Network (NABEL) to showcase the capabilities of machine learning (ML) for the prediction of ozone concentrations (daily averages) and to document a general approach that can be followed by anyone facing similar problems. We evaluated various artificial neural networks and compared them to linear as well as non-linear models deduced with ML.

[Nutrition-obesity. New therapeutic education programme for migrant and allophone people living with obesity].

Migrant and allophone people often face linguistic, cultural and structural barriers, with limited access to healthcare. To address this issue, the Therapeutic Patient Education Unit has created at the University Hospitals of Geneva a new therapeutic programme specifically for these people living with obesity. It includes educational workshops tailored to their language skills, health literacy and migratory background.

[Updates in promotion of health and prevention in the context of the Geneva landscape].

This article presents the latest recommendations for the promotion of health and prevention. This article is primarily addressed to public health actors and stakeholders. The recommendations are contextualized to the local reality, based on Geneva-specific data from the longitudinal Specchio studywhich evaluates the health status of the Geneva population and its determinants.

Targeted Conversion of Biomass into Primary Diamines via Carbon Shell-Confined Cobalt Nanoparticles.

Primary diamines are valuable yet challenging to synthesize due to issues such as product and intermediate condensation and catalyst poisoning. To address these problems, effective synthesis systems must be explored. Here, 2,5-bis(aminomethyl)furan (BAMF), a biomass-derived primary diamine, is chosen as the model for constructing such a system.

Arthroplasty registries at a glance: an initiative of the International Society of Arthroplasty Registries (ISAR) to facilitate access, understanding, and reporting of registry data from an international perspective.

Background And Purpose:  The amount of information publicly available from arthroplasty registries is large but could be used more effectively. This project aims to improve the knowledge concerning existing registries to facilitate access, transparency, harmonization, and reporting.

Methods: Within the International Society of Arthroplasty Registries (ISAR) we aimed at developing, testing, adopting, and making publicly available a short, standardized registry description with items considered relevant for stakeholders using a cross-sectional study survey.

The specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) in Europe - Part 1: service configuration, regulation, and provision.

Oral and maxillofacial surgical (OMFS) practice and training in Europe is supported by the OMFS Section of the Union of European Medical Specialists (UEMS). Across Europe the number of OMFS specialists per 100,000 varies from 3.0 (Switzerland) to 0.

Enhancing Chemoselectivity of On-Surface Reactions on Reconstructed Au(110): The Case of a Pentalene-Bridged Polyacene Analogue.

Polyacene analogues, consisting of short acene segments separated by nonbenzenoid rings, offer intriguing electronic properties and magnetic interactions. Pentalene-bridged polyacenes (PPs), in particular, hold promise for enhancing the electrical conductivity and potential open-shell ground states. However, PPs have remained elusive in solution chemistry due to poor solubility and limited synthetic protocols.