How Do the Valency and Radii of Cations Affect the Rheological Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Zwitterionic and Anionic Surfactant Mixtures?

Despite extensive research on the use of salts to enhance micellar growth, numerous questions remain regarding the impact of ionic exchange and molecular structure on charge neutralization. This study looks into how certain cations (Na, Ca, and Mg) affect the structure of a cocamidopropyl betaine CAPB and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate SDBS surfactant mixture, aiming toward applications in targeted delivery systems. The mixture consists of a zwitterionic surfactant, cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), and an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), combined in varying molar ratios at a total concentration of 200 mM.

Non-Hermitian Topology in Hermitian Topological Matter.

Non-Hermiticity gives rise to distinctive topological phenomena absent in Hermitian systems. However, connection between such intrinsic non-Hermitian topology and Hermitian topology has remained largely elusive. Here, considering the bulk and boundary as an environment and system, respectively, we demonstrate that anomalous boundary states in Hermitian topological insulators exhibit non-Hermitian topology.

Accurate Standard Siren Cosmology with Joint Gravitational-Wave and γ-Ray Burst Observations.

Joint gravitational-wave and γ-ray burst (GRB) observations are among the best prospects for standard siren cosmology. However, the strong selection effect for the coincident GRB detection, which is possible only for sources with small inclination angles, induces a systematic uncertainty that is currently not accounted for. We show that this severe source of bias can be removed by inferring the a priori unknown electromagnetic detection probability directly from multimessenger data.

Exotic Synchronization in Continuous Time Crystals Outside the Symmetric Subspace.

Exploring continuous time crystals (CTCs) within the symmetric subspace of spin systems has been a subject of intensive research in recent times. Thus far, the stability of the time-crystal phase outside the symmetric subspace in such spin systems has gone largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the effect of including the asymmetric subspaces on the dynamics of CTCs in a driven dissipative spin model.

Resonant Emittance Mixing of Flat Beams in Plasma Accelerators.

Linear colliders rely on high-quality flat beams to achieve the desired event rate while avoiding potentially deleterious beamstrahlung effects. Here, we show that flat beams in plasma accelerators can be subject to quality degradation due to emittance mixing. This effect occurs when the beam particles' betatron oscillations in a nonlinearly coupled wakefield become resonant in the horizontal and vertical planes.

Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector.

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins.

Measurement of Λ_{b}^{0}, Λ_{c}^{+}, and Λ Decay Parameters Using Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-} Decays.

A comprehensive study of the angular distributions in the bottom-baryon decays Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-}(h=π,K), followed by Λ_{c}^{+}→Λh^{+} with Λ→pπ^{-} or Λ_{c}^{+}→pK_{S}^{0} decays, is performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9  fb^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The decay parameters and the associated charge-parity (CP) asymmetries are measured, with no significant CP violation observed. For the first time, the Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-} decay parameters are measured.

Treatment Strategies to Control Blood Pressure in People With Hypertension in Tanzania and Lesotho: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Hypertension is the primary cardiovascular risk factor in Africa. Recently revised World Health Organization guidelines recommend starting antihypertensive dual therapy; clinical efficacy and tolerability of low-dose triple combination remain unclear.

Objectives: To compare the effect of 3 treatment strategies on blood pressure control among persons with untreated hypertension in Africa.

A comparative analysis of risk stratification tools in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: a EUSTAR analysis.

Objectives: The 2022 European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society (ESC/ERS) Guidelines for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) recommend risk stratification to optimize management. However, the performance of generic PAH risk stratification tools in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc)-associated PAH remains unclear. Our objective was to identify the most accurate approach for risk stratification at SSc-PAH diagnosis.

[Pain around the first ray of the hand: differential diagnoses and treatment].

Pain around the first ray of the hand, particularly in the thumb area, is a frequent clinical problem that can have various causes. This article explores the most important differential diagnoses, including thumb carpometacarpal (CMC-I) osteoarthritis (rhizarthrosis), de Quervain's stenosing tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome and Wartenberg's syndrome. A detailed medical history, targeted clinical examination and if necessary the use of modern imaging techniques are crucial for making the diagnosis.

Impact of Vibrations and Rapid Decelerations on SemontPLUS Maneuver Efficacy: An In Vitro Study.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of adding "rapid decelerations" and "vibrations" during a SemontPLUS maneuver on the dynamics of the inner ear and the success rate of canalolithiasis repositioning.

Methods: We used a previously described upscaled (5×) in vitro model of the posterior semicircular canal of the inner ear to analyze the trajectory of a single and clumped surrogate otolith particle (metallic sphere) during a SemontPLUS maneuver (-60 degrees below earth horizontal) on a repositioning chair (TRV). We compared the angular displacement of these particles with and without the application of "vibrations" or "rapid decelerations" using TRV.

International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of : minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024.

Subcommittee on the taxonomy of : minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024.

The dark side of fluorescent protein tagging - the impact of protein tags on biomolecular condensation.

Biomolecular condensation has emerged as an important mechanism to control various cellular processes through the formation of membraneless organelles. Fluorescent protein tags have been extensively used to study the formation and the properties of condensates and , but there is evidence that tags may perturb the condensation properties of proteins. In this study, we carefully assess the effects of protein tags on the yeast DEAD-box ATPase Dhh1, a central regulator of processing bodies (P-bodies), which are biomolecular condensates involved in mRNA metabolism.

Quantification of training-induced alterations in body composition via automated machine learning analysis of MRI images in the thigh region: A pilot study in young females.

The maintenance of an appropriate ratio of body fat to muscle mass is essential for the preservation of health and performance, as excessive body fat is associated with an increased risk of various diseases. Accurate body composition assessment requires precise segmentation of structures. In this study we developed a novel automatic machine learning approach for volumetric segmentation and quantitative assessment of MRI volumes and investigated the efficacy of using a machine learning algorithm to assess muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and bone volume of the thigh before and after a strength training.

Ocular injuries by less-lethal weapon: a view from Switzerland.

Dear Editor-in-chief: Thank you for focussing on this troubling subject in your issue 1/2024. It confirms that many of the difficulties involved are similar worldwide. Countries that use less-lethal weapons include Switzerland, the only Western European democracy besides France to employ multiple kinetic impact projectiles.

Scanning Thermal Microscopy Method for Self-Heating in Nonlinear Devices and Application to Filamentary Resistive Random-Access Memory.

Devices with a highly nonlinear resistance-voltage relationship are candidates for neuromorphic computing, which can be achieved by highly temperature dependent processes like ion migration. To explore the thermal properties of such devices, Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM) can be employed. However, due to the nonlinearity, the high resolution and quantitative method of AC-modulated SThM cannot readily be used.

EZH2 inhibition enhances the activity of Carboplatin in aggressive-variant prostate cancer cell lines.

Background: Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancers (AVPCs) are incurable malignancies. Platinum-based chemotherapies are used for the palliative treatment of AVPC. The Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) promotes prostate cancer progression histone H3 Lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3).

Draft genome sequences of eight strains isolated from homemade yogurts and cheeses from Bulgaria.

Here, we report draft genome sequences of eight strains isolated from naturally processed, homemade dairy foods or human milk in Bulgaria; strains AM-LG-29, AM-LP-81, AM-LH-32, subsp. AM-LB-13, AM-ST-89, AM-LA-19, AM-BL-55, and AM-LR-51.

Body Mass Index Did Not Impact Efficacy and Safety of Etrasimod: A Post Hoc Analysis of the ELEVATE UC Clinical Program.

Objective: High body mass index (BMI) may reduce ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment efficacy. Etrasimod is an oral, once-daily (QD), selective sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)1,4,5 receptor modulator for the treatment of moderately to severely active UC. This post hoc analysis assessed treatment outcomes according to BMI in ELEVATE UC 52 and ELEVATE UC 12.

Executive function profiles in survivors of neonatal critical illness - a latent profile analysis in school-aged children born very preterm or with complex congenital heart disease and in typically developing peers.

Executive function (EF) impairments are prevalent in survivors of neonatal critical illness such as children born very preterm (VPT) or with complex congenital heart disease (cCHD). This paper aimed to describe EF profiles in school-aged children born VPT or with cCHD and in typically developing peers, to identify child-specific and family-environmental factors associated with these profiles and to explore links to everyday-life outcomes. Data from eight EF tests assessing working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, switching, and planning in  = 529 children aged between 7 and 16 years was subjected into a latent profile analysis.

Role of pre-sacral sentinel lymph nodes in endometrium and cervical cancer: experience with minimally invasive indocyanine green sentinel lymph node mapping.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the role of pre-sacral sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in patients with uterine cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study includes patients with endometrial or cervical cancer who underwent minimally invasive indocyanine green SLN mapping at the Bern University Hospital from December 2012 to December 2022. A complete ultra-staging of the SLNs was performed in all cases.

Can we learn from failures? A systematic review of phase III trials in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

Objective: This systematic review analyzed phase III trials in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer to understand their poor outcomes and guide future trials.

Methods: A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, and EMBASE were searched for randomized phase III trials (2010-January 2024) involving patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

Self-Management in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Illness: An Evolutionary Analysis of the Concept.

Aim: To increase conceptual clarity regarding the self-management of school-age children and adolescents with chronic illnesses in a community context.

Design: Concept Analysis: Rodgers' evolutionary approach.

Data Sources: Search conducted in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, Nursing and Allied Health Collection, Academic Search Complete, Cochrane, Web of Science, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scopus, Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence Synthesis.

Frontopolar Cortex Interacts With Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Causally Guide Metacognition.

Accurate metacognitive judgments about an individual's performance in a mental task require the brain to have access to representations of the quality and difficulty of first-order cognitive processes. However, little is known about how accurate metacognitive judgments are implemented in the brain. Here, we combine brain stimulation with functional neuroimaging to determine the neural and psychological mechanisms underlying the frontopolar cortex's (FPC) role in metacognition.

A phytocytokine and its derived peptides in the frass of an insect elicit rice defenses.

Upon recognizing elicitors derived from herbivores, many plants activate specific defenses. Most of the elicitors identified thus far are from the oral secretions and egg-laying fluids of herbivores; in contrast, herbivore fecal excreta have been sparsely studied in this context. In this study, we identified elicitors in the frass of the striped stem borer (SSB; Chilo suppressalis) larvae using a combination of molecular and chemical analyses, bioactivity tests and insect performance bioassays.