AdvantAGE: Implementation and Evaluation of an Interprofessional Transitional Care Model for Frail Older Adults-Protocol of an Effectiveness-Implementation Hybrid Study.

Aim: To implement and evaluate an Advanced Practice Nurse-led transitional care model (AdvantAGE) to reduce rehospitalisation rates in frail older adults discharged from a Swiss geriatric hospital.

Design: The study adopts an effectiveness-implementation hybrid design (Type 1) to simultaneously evaluate the effectiveness of the care model and explore the implementation process.

Methods: The primary outcome, the 90-day rehospitalisation rate, will be evaluated using a matched-cohort design with a prospective intervention group and a retrospective control group.

Precision in Liver Diagnosis: Varied Accuracy Across Subgroups and the Need for Variable Thresholds in Diagnosis of MASLD.

Background And Aims: The performance of non-invasive liver tests (NITs) is known to vary across settings and subgroups. We systematically evaluated whether the performance of three NITs in detecting advanced fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) varies with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status or liver enzymes.

Methods: Data from 586 adult LITMUS Metacohort participants with histologically characterised MASLD were included.

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Risk Indicator Analyses of Narrow-Diameter Implants in the Posterior Jaw: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 10 to 27 Years.

Objectives: To assess the long-term clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction with narrow-diameter implants (NDIs) in the posterior jaws and to identify the risk indicators for NDI failure.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 479 patients with 666 NDIs (diameter ≤ 3.5 mm) -supported fixed prostheses in posterior jaws, with a minimum 10-year follow-up.

RADAR-AD: assessment of multiple remote monitoring technologies for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide, leading to cognitive and functional decline. Early detection and intervention are crucial for enhancing the quality of life of patients and their families. Remote Monitoring Technologies (RMTs) offer a promising solution for early detection by tracking changes in behavioral and cognitive functions, such as memory, language, and problem-solving skills.

Future perspectives for PDE5 inhibitors bridging the gap between cardiovascular health and psychological status.

The serendipitous discovery that inhibiting type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE5) using sildenafil, a potent PDE5 inhibitor (PDE5i) initially developed for cardioprotection, introduced the possibility of orally managing erectile dysfunction (ED) led to an increase in research data, which are currently considered groundbreaking for the new discipline of sexual medicine. Findings from a number of laboratories and clinics around the world unanimously demonstrated the following: (i) the major cause of ED is directly or indirectly related to cardiovascular disease (CVD); (ii) ED and CVDs share the same risk factors, which are related mainly to lifestyle choices; (iii) the first therapeutic approach to both ED and CVDs is to transform harmful lifestyles into virtuous lifestyles; and (iv) PDE5is in general, particularly sildenafil, are very safe, if not protective, for use in CVD patients. However, the use of PDE5is has faced several challenges.

Psychological stressors of imprisonment and coping of older incarcerated persons: a qualitative interview study.

Background: Imprisonment has a major impact on a person's psychological well-being. The proportion of older imprisoned persons is dramatically increasing worldwide, and they are likely to have greater physical and mental health needs compared to younger persons in prisons. However, there is currently a lack of research on the psychological stressors and the coping strategies of older imprisoned persons.

PSMA PET/CT based multimodal deep learning model for accurate prediction of pelvic lymph-node metastases in prostate cancer patients identified as candidates for extended pelvic lymph node dissection by preoperative nomograms.

Purpose: To develop and validate a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT based multimodal deep learning model for predicting pathological lymph node invasion (LNI) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients identified as candidates for extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) by preoperative nomograms.

Methods: [Ga]Ga-PSMA-617 PET/CT scan of 116 eligible PCa patients (82 in the training cohort and 34 in the test cohort) who underwent radical prostatectomy with ePLND were analyzed in our study. The Med3D deep learning network was utilized to extract discriminative features from the entire prostate volume of interest on the PET/CT images.

Maternal weight during pregnancy and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in offspring.

In addition to biological factors, maternal exposures during pregnancy can contribute to leukemogenesis in offspring. We conducted a population-based cohort study in Sweden to investigate the association between risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in offspring and maternal anthropometrics during pregnancy. A total of 2,961,435 live-born singletons during 1983-2018 were followed from birth to ALL diagnosis, end of age 18, or end of 2018.

p53-loss induced prostatic epithelial cell plasticity and invasion is driven by a crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment.

Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a slow progression and a highly variable clinical outcome. The tumor suppressor genes PTEN and TP53 are frequently mutated in prostate cancer and are predictive of early metastatic dissemination and unfavorable patient outcomes. The progression of solid tumors to metastasis is often associated with increased cell plasticity, but the complex events underlying TP53-loss-induced disease aggressiveness remain incompletely understood.

Impacts of irrigation expansion on moist-heat stress based on IRRMIP results.

Irrigation rapidly expanded during the 20 century, affecting climate via water, energy, and biogeochemical changes. Previous assessments of these effects predominantly relied on a single Earth System Model, and therefore suffered from structural model uncertainties. Here we quantify the impacts of historical irrigation expansion on climate by analysing simulation results from six Earth system models participating in the Irrigation Model Intercomparison Project (IRRMIP).

Criteria to clear polytrauma patients with traumatic brain injury for safe definitive surgery (<24 h).

Introduction: Optimizing treatment strategies in polytrauma patients is a key focus in trauma research and timing of major fracture care remains one of the most actively discussed topics. Besides physiologic factors, associated injuries, and injury patterns also require consideration. For instance, the exact impact and relevance of traumatic brain injury on the timing of fracture care have not yet been fully investigated.

Nation-wide surveillance of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on dogs and cats in Singapore.

Companion animals are major reservoirs of zoonotic parasites and pathogens. Among these, ticks and tick-borne pathogens are of particular concern. Efforts to study the zoonotic risks associated with companion animals in Singapore have been hampered by a poor understanding of the ticks of local dogs and cats.

Safety of ceftobiprole in patients with impaired renal, hepatic or immune function: a multinational retrospective hospital chart review (RETRACE study).

Ceftobiprole, an advanced-generation cephalosporin with broad bactericidal activity, is approved for community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia (excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia). We aimed to evaluate, in a real-world setting, the safety profile of ceftobiprole in patients with risk conditions (severe renal impairment, hepatic impairment, and immunocompromised status), groups excluded from clinical trials. In this retrospective study (NCT04170309), 396 consecutive charts of patients treated with ceftobiprole during 2016-2022 in 15 centers in France, Italy, and Spain were analyzed: 62 had severe renal impairment, 51 had hepatic impairment, 120 were immunocompromised, and 203 had no predefined risk condition (controls).

Future directions in the evaluation and management of newly diagnosed metastatic cancer.

There is a much debate regarding optimal selection in patients with metastatic cancer who should undergo local treatment (surgery or radiation treatment) to the primary tumor and/or metastases. Additionally, the optimal treatment of newly diagnosed metastatic cancer is largely unclear. Current prognostication systems to best inform these clinical scenarios are limited, as all metastatic patients are grouped together as having Stage IV disease without further incorporation of patient and disease-specific covariates that significantly impact patient outcomes.

Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: the PSERENADE project.

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) introduced in childhood national immunization programs lowered vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but replacement with non-vaccine-types persisted throughout the PCV10/13 follow-up period. We assessed PCV10/13 impact on pneumococcal meningitis incidence globally.

Methods: The number of cases with serotyped pneumococci detected in cerebrospinal fluid and population denominators were obtained from surveillance sites globally.

The influence of genotype on the natural history of types 1 - 3 spinal muscular atrophy.

The severity of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is inversely correlated with the number of survival of motor neuron 2 (SMN2) copies an individual has. This observational, retrospective analysis of natural history data included untreated individuals with a genetic diagnosis of types 1-3 SMA and stratified disease-related characteristics by SMN2 copy number. The outcomes investigated were time to: death, permanent ventilation, respiratory support, feeding support, scoliosis surgery, and achievement and loss of motor milestones.

Risk stratification for violent behavior in critically ill patients: Current assessment tools.

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) presents challenges in intensive care units (ICUs) calling for reliable prediction of violence. This narrative review aimed to identify and evaluate risk assessment tools from acute care settings which are or might be used to predict violent behavior in adult ICU patients focusing on their performance and clinical utility.

Methods: A screening of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar was conducted to identify risk scores used in the acute care setting such as emergency departments, hospitals and ICUs.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia across the spectrum of alcohol use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Insomnia is prevalent among patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), potentially undermining treatment and increasing the risk of relapse. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the recommended first-line treatment for insomnia, but its efficacy is not well-characterized in patients across the spectrum of AUD. The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effectiveness of CBT-I in improving insomnia severity and alcohol-related outcomes in adults with heavy alcohol use and/or varying levels of AUD severity and comorbid insomnia.

Extreme migratory connectivity and apparent mirroring of non-breeding grounds conditions in a severely declining breeding population of an Afro-Palearctic migratory bird.

Understanding the distribution of breeding populations of migratory animals in the non-breeding period (migratory connectivity) is important for understanding their response to environmental change. High connectivity (low non-breeding population dispersion) may lower resilience to climate change and increase vulnerability to habitat loss within their range. Very high levels of connectivity are reportedly rare, but this conclusion may be limited by methodology.

Effects of light on biological functions and human sleep.

The nonvisual effects of light in humans are mainly conveyed by a subset of retinal ganglion cells that contain the pigment melanopsin which renders them intrinsically photosensitive (= intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, ipRGCs). They have direct connections to the main circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus and modulate a variety of physiological processes, pineal melatonin secretion, autonomic functions, cognitive processes such as attention, and behavior, including sleep and wakefulness. This is because efferent projections from the SCN reach other hypothalamic nuclei, the pineal gland, thalamus, basal forebrain, and the brainstem.