Deep Learning Superresolution for Simultaneous Multislice Parallel Imaging-Accelerated Knee MRI Using Arthroscopy Validation.

Background Deep learning (DL) methods can improve accelerated MRI but require validation against an independent reference standard to ensure robustness and accuracy. Purpose To validate the diagnostic performance of twofold-simultaneous-multislice (SMSx2) twofold-parallel-imaging (PIx2)-accelerated DL superresolution MRI in the knee against conventional SMSx2-PIx2-accelerated MRI using arthroscopy as the reference standard. Materials and Methods Adults with painful knee conditions were prospectively enrolled from December 2021 to October 2022.

Probing London Dispersion in Proton-Bound Onium Ions: Are Alkyl-Alkyl Steric Interactions Reliably Modeled?

We report spectroscopic and spectrometric experiments that probe the London dispersion interaction between -butyl substituents in three series of covalently linked, protonated -pyridines in the gas phase. Molecular ions in the three test series, along with several reference molecules for control, were electrosprayed from solution into the gas phase and then probed by infrared multiphoton dissociation spectroscopy and trapped ion mobility spectrometry. The observed N-H stretching frequencies provided an experimental readout diagnostic of the ground-state geometry of each ion, which could be furthermore compared to a second, independent structural readout via the collision cross section.

Exploration of the dynamics of otic capsule and intracochlear pressure: Numerical insights with experimental validation.

The otic capsule and surrounding temporal bone exhibit complex 3D motion influenced by frequency and location of the bone conduction stimulus. The resultant correlation with the intracochlear pressure is not sufficiently understood, thus is the focus of this study, both experimentally and numerically. Experiments were conducted on six temporal bones from three cadaver heads, with BC hearing aid stimulation applied at the mastoid and classical BAHA locations across 0.

Optimal processing of tongue swab samples for detection by the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay.

Tongue swabs represent a potential alternative to sputum as a sample type for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with molecular diagnostic tests. The methods used to process tongue swabs for testing in the World Health Organization-recommended Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) assay vary greatly. Here, we aimed to identify the optimal tongue swab processing for Xpert Ultra testing.

Temporal Genomic Analysis of Homogeneous Tumor Models Reveals Key Regulators of Immune Evasion in Melanoma.

In this study, we find that Mif expression is associated with tumor growth and aggressiveness, specifically in tumors with low heterogeneity. These findings could facilitate the development of new strategies to treat patients with homogeneous, high MIF-expressing tumors that are unresponsive to immune checkpoint therapy.

Tuning Colloidal Gel Properties: The Influence of Central and Noncentral Forces.

Colloidal gels, ubiquitous in industrial applications, can undergo reversible solid-to-liquid transitions. Recent work demonstrates that adding surface roughness to primary particles enhances the toughness and influences the self-healing properties of colloidal gels. In the present work, we first use colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) to assess the quantitative changes in adhesive and frictional forces between thermoresponsive particles as a function of their roughness.

A Probabilistic View of Forbidden Links: Their Prevalence and Their Consequences for the Robustness of Plant-Hummingbird Communities.

The presence in ecological communities of unfeasible species interactions, termed forbidden links, due to physiological or morphological exploitation barriers has been long debated, but little direct evidence has been found. Forbidden links are likely to make ecological communities less robust to species extinctions, stressing the need to assess their prevalence. Here, we used a dataset of plant-hummingbird interactions, coupled with a Bayesian hierarchical model, to assess the importance of exploitation barriers in determining species interactions.

Feasibility and acceptability of engaging care partners of persons living with dementia with electronic outreach for deprescribing.

Background And Objectives: Care partners are critical for making treatment decisions in persons living with dementia. However, identifying them is challenging, hindering the broader use of interventions, such as those using digital technologies. We aimed to (i) assess the feasibility of identifying and contacting care partners using electronic health record (EHR) systems, and (ii) elicit their perspectives on electronic interventions for deprescribing.

Intestinal Epithelial Ptpn23 Is Essential For Gut Barrier Integrity And Prevention Of Fatal Bacterial Translocation.

Background And Aims: Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 23 (PTPN23) regulates the internalization of growth factor receptors such as the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR). Given the crucial function of such receptors in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), we assessed the involvement of PTPN23 in intestinal homeostasis and epithelial proliferation.

Methods: We generated mouse models with constitutive (PTPN23fl/flVilCre+/-) or inducible (PTPN23fl/flVilCreERT+/-) deletion of PTPN23 in IEC.

Co-Producing Peritoneal Dialysis Nursing Sensitive Indicators for Quality Care: A Multinational Consensus Building Design.

Background: Nursing sensitive indicators are a way of measuring aspects of patient care that are most affected by the actions of the nurse. Despite the existence of nursing sensitive indicators, these are largely not suitable to measure peritoneal dialysis nursing practice.

Objective: This project aimed to co-develop a set of peritoneal dialysis nursing-sensitive indicators.

Glia Modulates Immune Responses in the Retina Through Distinct MHC Pathways.

Glia antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are pivotal regulators of immune surveillance within the retina, maintaining tissue homeostasis and promptly responding to insults. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying their local coordination and activation remain unclear. Our study integrates an animal model of retinal injury, retrospective analysis of human retinas, and in vitro experiments to gain insights into the crucial role of antigen presentation in neuroimmunology during retinal degeneration (RD), uncovering the involvement of various glial cells, notably Müller glia and microglia.

Regulated microbe vaccines: from concept to (pre-clinical) reduction to practice.

Introduction: Vaccines to prevent important infections involving, e.g. influenza viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome-causing coronaviruses (e.

Measurement of multidifferential cross sections for dijet production in proton-proton collisions at .

A measurement of the dijet production cross section is reported based on proton-proton collision data collected in 2016 at by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36.3 . Jets are reconstructed with the anti- algorithm for distance parameters of and 0.

Simulation of adaptive immune receptors and repertoires with complex immune information to guide the development and benchmarking of AIRR machine learning.

Machine learning (ML) has shown great potential in the adaptive immune receptor repertoire (AIRR) field. However, there is a lack of large-scale ground-truth experimental AIRR data suitable for AIRR-ML-based disease diagnostics and therapeutics discovery. Simulated ground-truth AIRR data are required to complement the development and benchmarking of robust and interpretable AIRR-ML methods where experimental data is currently inaccessible or insufficient.

Nonadiabatic Quantum Dynamics of Molecules Scattering from Metal Surfaces.

Nonadiabatic coupling between electrons and molecular motion at metal surfaces leads to energy dissipation and dynamic steering effects during chemical surface dynamics. We present a theoretical approach to the scattering of molecules from metal surfaces that incorporates all nonadiabatic and quantum nuclear effects due to the coupling of the molecular degrees of freedom to the electrons in the metal. This is achieved with the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) approach, combined with a matrix product state representation in twin space.

ERMP1 as a newly identified ER stress gatekeeper in chronic kidney disease.

ERMP1 is involved in the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Given the pivotal role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic kidney diseases, we hypothesized that ERMP1 could be instrumental in the development of renal injury. analysis of RNA sequencing datasets from renal biopsies were exploited to assess the expression of ERMP1 in the kidney under normal or pathological conditions.

Generalized Stomatal Optimization of Evolutionary Fitness Proxies for Predicting Plant Gas Exchange Under Drought, Heatwaves, and Elevated CO.

Stomata control plant water loss and photosynthetic carbon gain. Developing more generalized and accurate stomatal models is essential for earth system models and predicting responses under novel environmental conditions associated with global change. Plant optimality theories offer one promising approach, but most such theories assume that stomatal conductance maximizes photosynthetic net carbon assimilation subject to some cost or constraint of water.

Nebulized aminoglycosides for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Methodological considerations and lessons from experimental studies.

Aminoglycosides are concentration-dependent antibiotics exerting a bactericidal effect when concentrations at the site of infection are equal to or greater than 5 times the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). When administered intravenously, they exhibit poor lung penetration and high systemic renal and ototoxicity, imposing to restrict their administration to 5 days. Experimental studies conducted in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated sheep and pigs provide evidence that high doses of nebulized aminoglycosides induce a rapid and potent bacterial killing in the infected lung parenchyma.

Five-year complete remission of super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatectomy followed by sorafenib plus camrelizumab: A case report.

Background: Cirrhotic patients with super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein invasion generally have a poor prognosis. This paper presents a patient with super-giant HCC and portal vein invasion, who underwent hepatectomy followed by a combination of sorafenib and camrelizumab, resulting in complete remission (CR) for 5 years.

Case Summary: A 40-year-old male with compensated hepatitis B-related cirrhosis was diagnosed with HCC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C.

Management of Patients with Myocardial Injury After Noncardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Background: Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiac morbidity and mortality. Little is known about how these patients are managed.

Methods: We performed a single-centre retrospective chart review of patients referred to a postoperative clinic with the diagnosis of MINS.

Effect of Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccination.

Objectives: Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has off-target effects on disease risk for unrelated infections and immune responses to vaccines. This study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory effects of BCG vaccination on immune responses to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: Blood samples, from a subset of 275 SARS-CoV-2-naïve healthcare workers randomised to BCG vaccination (BCG group) or no BCG vaccination (Control group) in the BRACE trial, were collected before and 28 days after the primary course (two doses) of ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-AstraZeneca) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccination.

Pragmatic realism: towards a reconciliation of enactivism and realism.

This paper addresses some apparent philosophical tensions between realism and enactivism by means of Charles Peirce's pragmatism. Enactivism's Mind-Life Continuity thesis has been taken to commit it to some form of anti-realist 'world-construction' which has been considered controversial. Accordingly, a new realist enactivism is proposed by Zahidi ( (3), 461-475, 2014), drawing on Ian Hacking's 'entity realism', which places subjects in worlds comprised of the things that they can successfully manipulate.

Mental Health Assessment of the Population: Study Protocol of the MAP Research Program in Ukraine (MAP-U) and in Zurich (MAP-Z).

Objectives: To conduct mental health surveillance in adults in Ukraine and Ukrainian refugees (Canton of Zurich, Switzerland) as an actionable scientific foundation for public mental health and mental healthcare.

Methods: Mental Health Assessment of the Population (MAP) is a research program including prospective, population-based, digital cohort studies focused on mental health monitoring. The study aims to include 17,400 people from the general population of Ukraine, 1,220 Ukrainians with refugee status S residing in the canton of Zurich, and 1,740 people from the Zurich general population.