Visualizing hemodynamics: innovative graphical displays and imaging techniques in anesthesia and critical care.

The advancements in cardiovascular imaging over the past two decades have been significant. The miniaturization of ultrasound devices has greatly contributed to their widespread adoption in operating rooms and intensive care units. The integration of AI-enabled tools has further transformed the field by simplifying echocardiographic evaluations and enhancing the reproducibility of hemodynamic measurements, even for less experienced operators.

Orthology inference at scale with FastOMA.

The surge in genome data, with ongoing efforts aiming to sequence 1.5 M eukaryotes in a decade, could revolutionize genomics, revealing the origins, evolution and genetic innovations of biological processes. Yet, traditional genomics methods scale poorly with such large datasets.

Optimization of a Conventional Assay into SYBR Green Real-Time PCR for the Detection of the Nc5 Segment from Neospora caninum.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to establish a SYBR Green-based real-time PCR assay for detection of the Nc5 segment from the Neospora caninum genome.

Methods: The oligonucleotides sequences targeting the Nc5 gene previously reported and designed in-house were validated. Two Primer sets were evaluated and tested in four different combinations.

Enhancing Radiographic Diagnosis: CycleGAN-Based Methods for Reducing Cast Shadow Artifacts in Wrist Radiographs.

We extend existing techniques by using generative adversarial network (GAN) models to reduce the appearance of cast shadows in radiographs across various age groups. We retrospectively collected 11,500 adult and paediatric wrist radiographs, evenly divided between those with and without casts. The test subset consisted of 750 radiographs with cast and 750 without cast.

Oligometastatic Esophagogastric Cancer: Does It Exist and How Do We Treat It?

Purpose Of The Review: This narrative review aims to provide an overview of recently completed randomized trials and expert consensus recommendations, and their implications for clinical practice and future trial design in patients with de-novo esophagogastric oligometastatic disease (OMD).

Recent Findings: The IKF-575/RENAISSANCE phase III trial showed no significant overall survival difference between systemic therapy alone and systemic therapy combined with local therapy for patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer and de-novo OMD, except for patients with retroperitoneal lymph node metastases only. The ESO-Shanghai 13 phase II trial demonstrated superiority of adding local therapy to systemic therapy for progression-free and overall survival in oligometastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Agricultural subsoil microbiomes and functions exhibit lower resistance to global change than topsoils in Chinese agroecosystems.

Soils play a critical role in supporting agricultural production. Subsoils, below 20 cm, underpin fundamental agroecosystem sustainability traits including soil carbon storage, climate regulation and water provision. However, little is known about the ecological stability of subsoils in response to global change.

Perennial disaster patterns in Central Europe since 2000 and implications for hospital preparedness planning - a cross-sectional analysis.

The goal of this analysis is to describe seasonal disaster patterns in Central Europe in order to raise awareness and improve hospital disaster planning and resilience, particularly during peak events. Hospitals are essential pillars of a country's critical infrastructure, vital for sustaining healthcare services and supporting public well-being-a key issue of national security. Disaster planning for hospitals is crucial to ensure their functionality under special circumstances.

Bacteria use exogenous peptidoglycan as a danger signal to trigger biofilm formation.

For any organism, survival is enhanced by the ability to sense and respond to threats in advance. For bacteria, danger sensing among kin cells has been observed, but the presence or impacts of general danger signals are poorly understood. Here we show that different bacterial species use exogenous peptidoglycan fragments, which are released by nearby kin or non-kin cell lysis, as a general danger signal.

Neurophysiological gradient in the Parkinsonian subthalamic nucleus as a marker for motor symptoms and apathy.

Sensing-based deep brain stimulation should optimally consider both the motor and neuropsychiatric domain to maximize quality of life of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Here we characterize the neurophysiological properties of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in 69 PD patients using a newly established neurophysiological gradient metric and contextualize it with motor symptoms and apathy. We could evidence a STN power gradient that holds most of the spectral information between 5 and 30 Hz spanning along the dorsal-ventral axis.

Heterodyne analysis of high-order partial waves in attosecond photoionization of helium.

Partial wave analysis is key to interpretation of the photoionization of atoms and molecules on the attosecond timescale. Here we propose a heterodyne analysis approach, based on the delay-resolved anisotropy parameters to reveal the role played by high-order partial waves during photoionization. This extends the Reconstruction of Attosecond Beating By Interference of Two-photon Transitions technique into the few-photon regime.

Resource-efficient photonic networks for next-generation AI computing.

Current trends in artificial intelligence toward larger models demand a rethinking of both hardware and algorithms. Photonics-based systems offer high-speed, energy-efficient computing units, provided algorithms are designed to exploit photonics' unique strengths. The recent implementation of cellular automata in photonics demonstrates how a few local interactions can achieve high throughput and precision.

Genomic and phenotypic stability of fusion-driven pediatric sarcoma cell lines.

Human cancer cell lines are the mainstay of cancer research. Recent reports showed that highly mutated adult carcinoma cell lines (mainly HeLa and MCF-7) present striking diversity across laboratories and that long-term continuous culturing results in genomic/transcriptomic heterogeneity with strong phenotypical implications. Here, we hypothesize that oligomutated pediatric sarcoma cell lines mainly driven by a fusion transcription factor, such as Ewing sarcoma (EwS), are genetically and phenotypically more stable than the previously investigated adult carcinoma cell lines.

Ultrasound of the Median Nerve: A Pictorial Review. Normal Ultrasound Findings and Variations.

This is the first of a two-part article in which we focus on the Ultrasound (US) appearance of the normal median nerve (MN) and its main branches. The detailed anatomy and US anatomy of the MN course are presented with high-resolution images obtained with the latest-generation US machines and transducers. Variations are discussed to avoid misinterpretation of normal findings.

Reliability of the OMERACT Giant cell arteritis Ultrasonography Score (OGUS): results of a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Objective: To test the reliability of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Giant cell arteritis (GCA) Ultrasonography Score (OGUS) and other composite scores in a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Methods: Six GCA patients were scanned twice (two rounds separated ≥3 hours) by 12 experts and 12 non-experts. Non-experts received 90 min of theoretical and 240 min of practical training between rounds 1 and 2.

Behind the scenes of EQA - characteristics, capabilities, benefits and assets of external quality assessment (EQA).

Providers of external quality assessment (EQA) programs evaluate data or information obtained and reported by participant laboratories using their routine procedures to examine properties or measurands in samples provided for this purpose. EQA samples must offer participants an equal chance to obtain accurate results, while being designed to provide results in clinically relevant ranges. It is the responsibility of the EQA provider to meet the necessary requirements for homogeneity, stability and some other properties of the EQA items in order to offer participants a fair, reliable and technically interesting EQA experience.

Neural Networks through the lens of Evolutionary Dynamics.

This article revisits Artificial Neural Networks (NNs) through the lens of Evolutionary Dynamics. The two most important features of NNs are shown to reflect the two most general processes of Evolutionary Dynamics. This overlap may serve as a new and powerful connection between NNs and Evolutionary Dynamics, which encompasses a body of knowledge that has been built over multiple centuries and has been expanded to inspire applications across a vast range of disciplines.

Non-canonical roles of CFH in retinal pigment epithelial cells revealed by dysfunctional rare CFH variants.

Complement factor H (CFH) common genetic variants have been associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). While most previous in vitro RPE studies focused on the common p.His402Tyr CFH variant, we characterized rare CFH variants that are highly penetrant for AMD using induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium (iPSC-RPE).

mRNA export factors store nascent transcripts within nuclear speckles as an adaptive response to transient global inhibition of transcription.

Several transcription inhibitors have been developed as cancer therapies. However, they show modest clinical activity, highlighting that our understanding of the cellular response to transcriptional inhibition remains incomplete. Here we report that potent inhibitors of transcription not only impact mRNA output but also markedly impair mRNA transcript localization and nuclear export.

Cyst of the canal of Nuck in an adult female patient: A case report on surgical management.

Introduction: The cyst of the canal of Nuck is a rare cause of inguino-labial swelling in adult women, arising from an obliteration failure of the processus vaginalis during embryological development. Its rarity often leads to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. This article highlights its diagnosis and surgical management.

Experts' discussion: implications of the World Health Organization's World report on hearing for the cochlear implant field.

Objective: This review aims to analyse the implications of the World Health Organization's 2021 world report on hearing, with a particular focus on the cochlear implant field. The objective is to understand the challenges and opportunities highlighted in the report and propose viable solutions for effective implementation within the cochlear implant community.

Methods: Following the release of the World Health Organization's world report on hearing, cochlear implant professionals explored and discussed the implications of the report with examples from various countries to understand the disparities in access, reimbursement policies, and social stigma associated with hearing loss.

Demystifying the art of isotope-enabled hydrological and climate modelling.

Over the last 20 years, we have dramatically improved hydrometeorological data including isotopes, but are we making the most of this data? Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the water molecule (stable water isotopes - SWI) are well known tracers of the global hydrological cycle producing critical climate science. Despite this, stable water isotopes are not explicitly included in influential climate reports (e.g.

Meeting summary: Global vaccine and immunization research forum, 2023.

At the 2023 Global Vaccine and Immunization Research Forum (GVIRF), researchers from around the world gathered in the Republic of Korea to discuss advances and opportunities in vaccines and immunization. Many stakeholders are applying the lessons of Covid-19 to future emergencies, by advancing early-stage development of prototype vaccines to accelerate response to the next emerging infectious disease, and by building regional vaccine research, development, and manufacturing capacity to speed equitable access to vaccines in the next emergency. Recent vaccine licensures include: respiratory syncytial virus vaccines, both for the elderly and to protect infants through maternal immunization; a new dengue virus vaccine; and licensure of Covid-19 vaccines previously marketed under emergency use authorizations.

Thalamic deep brain stimulation for central poststroke pain syndrome: an international multicenter study.

Objective: The effectiveness and optimal stimulation site of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for central poststroke pain (CPSP) remain elusive. The objective of this retrospective international multicenter study was to assess clinical as well as neuroimaging-based predictors of long-term outcomes after DBS for CPSP.

Methods: The authors analyzed patient-based clinical and neuroimaging data of previously published and unpublished cohorts from 6 international DBS centers.

Quantifying Memory in Spin Glasses.

Rejuvenation and memory, long considered the distinguishing features of spin glasses, have recently been proven to result from the growth of multiple length scales. This insight, enabled by simulations on the Janus II supercomputer, has opened the door to a quantitative analysis. We combine numerical simulations with comparable experiments to introduce two coefficients that quantify memory.