European cancer mortality predictions for the year 2025 with focus on breast cancer.

Background: We predicted the number of cancer deaths and rates for 2025 in the European Union (EU), its five most populous countries, and the UK, focusing on breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: We derived population data and death certificates for all cancers and major sites for the EU, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, and the UK since 1970, from the World Health Organization and United Nations databases. Estimates for 2025 were computed by linear regression on recent trends identified through Poisson joinpoint regression, considering the slope of the most recent trend segment.

Improving breaking bad news communication skills through stress arousal reappraisal and worked examples.

Introduction: Breaking bad news (BBN) is a distressing yet essential task in medicine, imposing emotional strain on both physicians and patients. Crucially, effective BBN relies on both verbal and nonverbal communication, which can be impaired by elevated stress associated with the task. Efficient teaching of communication skills continues to present a challenge, and the role of stress management in BBN encounters remains largely overlooked.

Mycorrhizal inoculation success depends on soil health and crop productivity.

As the human population grows, so does the demand for higher agricultural yields. As a result, agricultural intensification practices are increasing while soil health is often declining. Integrating the benefits of microorganisms into agricultural management systems can reduce the need for external resource inputs.

Best Practices for Imaging of Transcatheter Valve Failure: An Update From the Heart Valve Collaboratory.

This updated Heart Valve Collaboratory framework addresses the growing concern for transcatheter valve failure (TVF) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). With the increasing volume of redo-TAV and surgical TAV explantation, there is a critical need for standardized pathways and protocols for evaluating TVF using echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography (CT) angiography. This document clarifies prior definitions of bioprosthetic valve deterioration and bioprosthetic valve failure in a practical, imaging directed context for TAVR.

Access and use of general and mental health services before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To quantify access to health services during the COVID-19 pandemic and measure the change in use between the prepandemic and the pandemic periods in a population with assessment of psychological distress or diagnosis of mental disorders.

Data Sources: We developed and piloted a search syntax and adapted it to enter the following databases from 1 January 2020 to 31 March 2023: PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Epistemonikos and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We reran the searches from the end of the original search to 3 December 2024.

Identification of distinct clinical profiles of sepsis risk in paediatric emergency department patients using Bayesian profile regression.

Background: Sepsis affects 25 million children and neonates annually, causing significant mortality and morbidity. Early identification and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes. Identifying children at risk is challenging due to clinical heterogeneity and overlap with other conditions.

Congenital Fibrinogen Deficiencies: Not So Rare.

Congenital fibrinogen deficiencies (CFDs), traditionally considered rare monogenic disorders, are now recognized as more prevalent and genetically complex than previously thought. Indeed, the symptoms manifested in CFD patients, such as bleeding and thrombosis, are likely to result from variation in several genes rather than solely driven by variants in one of the three fibrinogen genes, , , and . This review highlights recent advances in understanding the genetic causes of CFD and their variability, facilitated by the growing use and availability of next-generation sequencing data.

Effects of Different Dentin Surface Cleaning Protocols on Bond Strength of Dual-Cure Resin Cement Following Temporary Cementation.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various cleaning protocols on the bond strength of dual-cure resin cement following temporary cementation.

Materials And Methods:  Fifty-two human third molars were sectioned to expose superficial dentin and divided into four groups: (1) fresh, noncontaminated dentin (control); (2) pumice cleaning; (3) pumice + sodium bicarbonate air polishing; and (4) pumice + 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) based cleaner. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated with noneugenol zinc oxide temporary cement, followed by their respective cleaning protocols.

The novel lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1-selective antagonist, ACT-1016-0707, has unique binding properties that translate into effective antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity in different models of pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis encompasses different chronic interstitial lung diseases, and the predominant form, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, remains to have a poor prognosis despite 2 approved therapies. Although the exact pathobiological mechanisms are still incompletely understood, epithelial injury and aberrant wound healing responses contribute to the gradual change in lung architecture and functional impairment. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced lysophosphatidic receptor 1 (LPA1) signaling was proposed to be a driver of lung fibrosis, and LPA1 antagonists have shown promising antifibrotic profiles in early clinical development.

People are not becoming "AIholic": Questioning the "ChatGPT addiction" construct.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots such as ChatGPT have rapidly gained popularity in many daily life spheres, even sparking scholarly debate about a potential "ChatGPT addiction." Throughout history, new technologies have repeatedly been associated with widespread concerns and "moral panics," especially when their adoption is sudden and involves significant changes in daily functioning. It is thus no surprise that researchers have examined whether intensive use of ChatGPT can be considered an addictive behavior.

Clinical decision-making: Cognitive biases and heuristics in triage decisions in the emergency department.

Background: In emergency medicine, triage decisions are critical for ensuring patient safety and optimizing resource usage. Such decisions involve a complex interplay of rational and analytical thinking, combined with an intuitive and humanistic approach. However, the influence of cognitive biases on triage decisions remains poorly understood.

Effects of dietary supplementation with a polyherbal based product on sporozoites viability and on growth performance, lesion score, gut permeability, oocyst shedding count, tight junction, pro-inflammatory cytokine, and antioxidant enzyme in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp.

Two in vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation of a natural polyherbal mixture (PHM) manufactured from selected herbs in broiler chickens challenged with coccidiosis. For the in vitro trial, E. tenella and E.

Monte Carlo-based estimation of patient absorbed dose in Tc-DMSA, -MAG3, and -DTPA SPECT imaging using the University of Florida (UF) phantoms.

It is generally accepted that children's organs are more sensitive to radiation than adults, due to their growth rate. Therefore, evaluating the absorbed dose in children to avoid irrecoverable damage is highly crucial. In this work, absorbed dose by different organs of children within the SPECT imaging for the Tc-MAG3, Tc-DTPA, and Tc-DMSA that are commonly employed for pediatric patients, were estimated through the use of Monte Carlo simulation and the University of Florida's (UF) voxel-wise phantoms at the ages of 4, 8, 11, and 14-years old.

Network meta-analysis based ranking of dry off interventions to cure or prevent intramammary infections in dairy cows.

This study aimed to rank dry off interventions for the prevention of new intramammary infections (IMI) and the cure of existing IMI in quarters of dry cows using two network meta-analyses. Randomized controlled trials reported in 137 papers were assessed for inclusion eligibility. Network meta-analyses were performed separately for the incidence risk of IMI and cure risk of IMI.

The effect of experimentally induced gluteal muscle weakness on joint kinematics, reaction forces, and dynamic balance performance during stair climbing.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of an experimentally induced weakness of the gluteal muscles on joint kinematics, reactions forces, and dynamic balance performance using the center of mass during stair climbing.

Methods: Ten healthy adult volunteers received sequential blocks of superior gluteal nerve to tensor fascia lata, superior, and inferior gluteal nerve on their dominant right leg. A full-body movement analysis during stair climbing was performed.

The NERVE-ML (Neural Engineering Reproducibility and Validity Essentials for Machine Learning) Checklist: Ensuring Machine Learning Advances Neural Engineering.

Machine learning's ability to capture intricate patterns makes it vital in neural engineering research. With its increasing use, ensuring the validity and reproducibility of machine learning methods is critical. Unfortunately, this has not always been the case in practice, as there have been recent retractions across various scientific fields due to the misuse of machine learning methods and validation procedures.

Plasmacytoid dendritic cell sensing of African swine fever virus-infected macrophages results in STING-dependent robust interferon-α production.

While several African swine fever virus (ASFV)-encoded proteins potently interfere with the cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthetase-stimulator of interferon genes) pathway at different levels to suppress interferon (IFN) type I production in infected macrophages, systemic IFN-α is induced during the early stages of AFSV infection in pigs. The present study elucidates a mechanism by which such responses can be triggered, at least in vitro. We demonstrate that infection of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) by ASFV genotype 2 strains is highly efficient but immunologically silent with respect to IFN type I, IFN-stimulated gene induction, and tumor necrosis factor production.

Confronting Earth System Model trends with observations.

Anthropogenically forced climate change signals are emerging from the noise of internal variability in observations, and the impacts on society are growing. For decades, Climate or Earth System Models have been predicting how these climate change signals will unfold. While challenges remain, given the growing forced trends and the lengthening observational record, the climate science community is now in a position to confront the signals, as represented by historical trends, in models with observations.

MLX phosphorylation stabilizes the ChREBP-MLX heterotetramer on tandem E-boxes to control carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

Carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) and Max-like protein X (MLX) form a heterodimeric transcription factor complex that couples intracellular sugar levels to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. To promote the expression of target genes, two ChREBP-MLX heterodimers form a heterotetramer to bind a tandem element with two adjacent E-boxes, called carbohydrate-responsive element (ChoRE). How the ChREBP-MLX hetero-tetramerization is achieved and regulated remains poorly understood.

Augmenting rehabilitation robotics with spinal cord neuromodulation: A proof of concept.

Rehabilitation robotics aims to promote activity-dependent reorganization of the nervous system. However, people with paralysis cannot generate sufficient activity during robot-assisted rehabilitation and, consequently, do not benefit from these therapies. Here, we developed an implantable spinal cord neuroprosthesis operating in a closed loop to promote robust activity during walking and cycling assisted by robotic devices.