A cross-sectional study assessing barriers and facilitators to the sustainability of physical activity and nutrition interventions in early childhood education and care settings.

Background: Effective evidence-based physical activity and nutrition interventions to prevent overweight and obesity and support healthy child development need to be sustained within Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services. Despite this, little is known about factors that influence sustainability of these programs in ECEC settings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the factors related to sustainability of physical activity and nutrition interventions in ECEC settings and examine their association with ECEC service characteristics.

Impact of Paternal Breastfeeding Interventions on Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates and Attitudes of Fathers Towards Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: This systematic review examines the effectiveness of breastfeeding interventions involving fathers, focusing on their impact on exclusive breastfeeding rates and paternal attitudes towards breastfeeding. The study aims to highlight the crucial role of fathers in antenatal breastfeeding promotion programs and their potential to enhance breastfeeding outcomes.

Recent Findings: A systematic review was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed, CINAHL, and Medline databases for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies published after December 2017.

Corrigendum to "Analysis of current state, gaps, and opportunities for technologies in the Malaysian oil palm estates and palm oil mills towards net-zero emissions".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Sustainable leachate treatment by integrating electrolysis with palm-shell activated carbon contactor for environmental protection.

The increasingly concerning issue of water pollution caused by untreated leachate necessitates the implementation of effective wastewater treatment methods. This study addresses the crucial issue of landfill leachate treatment through an innovative and environmentally friendly approach that integrates electrolysis with palm-shell activated carbon contactors. The efficacy of an integrated process for pollutants removal was assessed involving electrolysis with aluminum and iron electrodes, activated carbon contactors with varying bed depths, and the influence of salinity.

TOPS-speed complex-valued convolutional accelerator for feature extraction and inference.

Complex-valued neural networks process both amplitude and phase information, in contrast to conventional artificial neural networks, achieving additive capabilities in recognizing phase-sensitive data inherent in wave-related phenomena. The ever-increasing data capacity and network scale place substantial demands on underlying computing hardware. In parallel with the successes and extensive efforts made in electronics, optical neuromorphic hardware is promising to achieve ultra-high computing performances due to its inherent analog architecture and wide bandwidth.

Quantum key distribution implemented with d-level time-bin entangled photons.

High-dimensional photon states (qudits) are pivotal to enhance the information capacity, noise robustness, and data rates of quantum communications. Time-bin entangled qudits are promising candidates for implementing high-dimensional quantum communications over optical fiber networks with processing rates approaching those of classical telecommunications. However, their use is hindered by phase instability, timing inaccuracy, and low scalability of interferometric schemes needed for time-bin processing.

Prefrontal dimension change-related activation differs for visual search in sparse and dense displays.

Changes of the target-defining feature dimension have previously been shown to elicit anterior prefrontal activation increases. In the majority of studies, this change-related activation was observed in the left lateral frontopolar cortex. In at least one study, however, right anterior prefrontal activation was observed.

Repairing muscle with broccoli-derived sulforaphane: A preclinical evaluation for the treatment of mitochondrial myopathies.

Skeletal muscle health relies on the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the mitochondria. ATP production is accompanied by oxidative phosphorylation, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). When there is an imbalance in ROS levels, oxidative stress and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial myopathies including sarcopenia, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, and proximal myopathy can result.

Commercialisation fears and preferred forms of governance: a mixed methods investigation to identify a trusted Australian genomics repository.

This study aimed to identify operating conditions and governance mechanisms that would help to facilitate trust in, and willingness to donate to, a hypothetical Australian national genomic repository for health research where commercial use of data is permitted. Semi-structured telephone interviews with members of the Australian public ( = 39) clarified perceived risks and preferred repository conditions. These insights were subsequently tested experimentally in a national sample ( = 1,117).

Exploring the Role of Brain Fog, Fatigue, and Psychological Distress on Quality of Life in Individuals Living with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Despite reports of brain fog in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), empirical research into this phenomenon has been lacking. This study aimed to validate a brain fog scale and explore the relationships between IBD symptom activity, brain fog, fatigue, psychological distress, and quality of life (QoL).

Method: A cross-sectional online study.

Gas transport mechanisms during high-frequency ventilation.

By virtue of applying small tidal volumes, high-frequency ventilation is advocated as a method of minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury. Lung protective benefits are established in infants, but not in other patient cohorts. Efforts to improve and extend the lung protection potential should consider how fundamental modes of gas transport can be exploited to minimize harmful tidal volumes while maintaining or improving ventilation.

Self-Assembled Lubricin (PRG-4)-Based Biomimetic Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensor for Direct Droplet Detection of Melamine in Undiluted Milk.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful optical sensing platform that amplifies the target signals by Raman scattering. Despite SERS enabling a meager detection limit, even at the single-molecule level, SERS also tends to equally enhance unwanted molecules due to the non-specific binding of noise molecules in clinical samples, which complicates its use in complex samples such as bodily fluids, environmental water, or food matrices. To address this, we developed a novel non-fouling biomimetic SERS sensor by self-assembling an anti-adhesive, anti-fouling, and size-selective Lubricin (LUB) coating on gold nanoparticle (AuNP) functionalized glass slide surfaces via a simple drop-casting method.

Self-objectification and eating disorder psychopathology in women: the mediating role of rumination.

Objectification theory posits that self-objectification can lead to disordered eating, with significant positive correlations between self-objectification and eating disorder (ED) psychopathology found in women in both clinical and non-clinical samples. Maladaptive rumination is another process frequently associated with EDs, but its relationship with self-objectification and ED psychopathology needs further investigation. Our aim was to conduct a preliminary test to investigate whether maladaptive rumination mediated the relationship between self-objectification and ED psychopathology in women.

Deep eutectic solvent pretreatment of oil palm biomass: Promoted lignin pyrolysis and enzymatic digestibility of solid residues.

Herein, choline chloride/oxalic acid (ChCl/OA) and choline chloride/oxalic acid/ethylene glycol (ChCl/OA/EG) pretreatments of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and mesocarp fibers (MSF) were conducted to achieve protection of the lignin structure, while improving the enzymatic efficiency of the solid residues. Under the operating conditions of 90 °C and 6 h, ChCl/OA/EG demonstrated a higher lignin extraction selectivity and obtained solid residues with higher hemicellulose content compared to ChCl/OA. The digestibility of glucan and xylan in solid residues obtained using ChCl/OA/EG achieved 98.

Adaptations of K 12 to Synchrotron Sourced THz Radiation.

The biological effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) irradiation in the terahertz (THz) range remain ambiguous, despite numerous studies that have been conducted. In this paper, the metabolic response of K 12 to EMF irradiation was examined using a 1.0 W m incident synchrotron source (SS) in the range of 0.

In Silico Modeling and Characterization of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Protein.

Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) plays a crucial role in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)'s ability to establish latency and is involved in developing and progressing EBV-associated cancers. Additionally, EBV-infected cells affect the immune responses, making it challenging for the immune system to eliminate them. Due to the aforementioned reasons, it is crucial to understand the structural features of LMP1, which are essential for the development of novel cancer therapies that target its signaling pathways.

Persuasive strategies in digital interventions to combat internet addiction: A systematic review.

Background: The internet provides valuable benefits in supporting our lives. However, concerns arise regarding internet addiction, a behavioural disorder due to excessive and uncontrolled internet use that has harmful effects on human health and wellbeing. Studies highlighted the potential of digital behaviour change interventions to address health behaviour problems.

Integrated bioinformatics and interaction analysis to advance chronotherapies for mental disorders.

Introduction: Robust connections have been identified between the pathophysiology of mental disorders and the functioning of the circadian system. The overarching objective of this study was to investigate the potential for circadian rhythms to be leveraged for therapeutics in mental disorders.

Methods: We considered two approaches to chronotherapy-optimal timing of existing medications ("clocking the drugs") and redressing circadian abnormalities with small molecules ("drugging the clock").

A literature review of artificial intelligence (AI) for medical image segmentation: from AI and explainable AI to trustworthy AI.

Background And Objective: Medical image segmentation is a vital aspect of medical image processing, allowing healthcare professionals to conduct precise and comprehensive lesion analyses. Traditional segmentation methods are often labor intensive and influenced by the subjectivity of individual physicians. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed this field by reducing the workload of physicians, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of disease diagnosis.

Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptability of the Daybreak Drink Tracker: Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Excessive alcohol use is associated with significant harms, with wide-ranging social and economic impacts. Efforts to prevent and reduce the harmful use of alcohol are a public health priority. Smartphone apps have the potential to provide accessible and cost-effective support to those seeking to reduce alcohol consumption; however, the evidence base regarding which components are effective is lacking.

Whole-Body and Segmental Phase Angles and Cognitive Function in the Older Korean Population: Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background: Recently, the phase angle (PhA) has emerged as an essential indicator of cellular health. Most studies have examined its association with physiological conditions, such as sarcopenia, frailty, and physical function, in older populations. Simultaneously, growing attention is being paid to the clinical relevance of segmental PhAs for future applications.

Peer-supported interventions for people with spinal cord injury.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary objective To assess the effects of peer-supported interventions on quality of life and self-management compared with control (i.e.

Feasibility study of a grid-connected PV/wind hybrid energy system for an urban dairy farm.

This study evaluates the energy efficiency of an urban dairy farm in Tlemcen, Algeria, by assessing the feasibility of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV)/wind hybrid energy system. Using HOMER and MATLAB software, the study explores the potential for replacing the farm's existing energy systems with a hybrid system integrated into a low-voltage electrical grid. The HOMER software determined the configuration that resulted in the lowest net present cost, energy cost in kWh, greenhouse gas emission mitigation, and renewable fraction (RF).

Particle transport in open polygonal billiards: A scattering map.

Polygonal billiards exhibit a rich and complex dynamical behavior. In recent years, polygonal billiards have attracted much attention due to their application in the understanding of anomalous transport, but also at the fundamental level, due to their connections with diverse fields in mathematics. We explore this complexity and its consequences on the properties of particle transport in infinitely long channels made of the repetitions of an elementary open polygonal cell.

Factors influencing rates of unsupervised assessment of short-term learning in cognitively unimpaired adults.

Background: In older adults with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), learning curves derived from validated psychological learning paradigms are reduced to an extent greater than impairment, or decline, on neuropsychological memory tests.

Objective: This study aimed to examine how age, sex, education, mood, and general dementia risk, which also increases risk for preclinical AD, could influence learning curves.

Methods: 1050 adults enrolled in the BetterBrains trial completed 10 blocks of ORCA-LLT learning trials over 5 days.