Myocardial Fibroblast Activation After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Study.

Background: Myocardial fibrosis is a key healing response after myocardial infarction driven by activated fibroblasts. Gallium-68-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor ([Ga]-FAPI) is a novel positron-emitting radiotracer that binds activated fibroblasts.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the intensity, distribution, and time-course of fibroblast activation after acute myocardial infarction.

Identification of Three Novel O-Linked Glycans in the Envelope Protein of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus.

The tick-borne encephalitis virus is a pathogen endemic to northern Europe and Asia, transmitted through bites from infected ticks. It is a member of the family and possesses a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome encoding a polypeptide that is processed into seven non-structural and three structural proteins, including the envelope (E) protein. The glycosylation of the E protein, involving a single N-linked glycan at position N154, plays a critical role in viral infectivity and pathogenesis.

Multivariate Modelling and Prediction of High-Frequency Sensor-Based Cerebral Physiologic Signals: Narrative Review of Machine Learning Methodologies.

Monitoring cerebral oxygenation and metabolism, using a combination of invasive and non-invasive sensors, is vital due to frequent disruptions in hemodynamic regulation across various diseases. These sensors generate continuous high-frequency data streams, including intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), providing real-time insights into cerebral function. Analyzing these signals is crucial for understanding complex brain processes, identifying subtle patterns, and detecting anomalies.

Novel Lipid Formulation Increases Absorption of Oral Cannabidiol (CBD).

: Cannabidiol (CBD) is an approved treatment for childhood epilepsies and a candidate treatment for several other CNS disorders. However, it has poor oral bioavailability. We investigated the effect of a novel lipid formulation on its absorption in humans and on its tissue distribution in mice.

Traditional Knowledge, Use, and Management of Among the Mijikenda Community in Kilifi, Kenya.

Although Lam. (Moringaceae) is a multipurpose tree with remarkable nutritional and therapeutic benefits, it is undervalued and neglected in Kenya, as the local people associate it with famine and poverty. The present study aims to assess and document the traditional knowledge on use and management as well as production constraints of the species among the Mijikenda community in Kilifi County, Kenya.

Microbial Dynamics: Assessing Skincare Regimens' Impact on the Facial Skin Microbiome and Skin Health Parameters.

The human skin microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microbes, plays a pivotal role in skin health. This study aimed to investigate the impact of two skincare regimens, with preservatives (CSPs) and preservative-free (PFPs), on the skin microbiome in correlation to skin quality. double-blind randomized cosmetic studywith a split-face design was conducted on 26 female participants.

The Effectiveness of Salivary Sampling for the Detection and Quantification of in Periodontitis Patients.

The objective was to evaluate using unstimulated saliva in detecting and to compare the saliva and subgingival and mucosa membrane occurrence of this periodontal pathogen in patients diagnosed with advanced periodontitis. Patients with advanced forms of periodontitis ( = 220; mean age: 54.03 ± 03 years) at stage III/IV were sampled.

Detection and Molecular Diversity of in Pastoral Livestock in North-Eastern Ethiopia.

Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease affecting livestock and humans that remains endemic in Ethiopia. Despite its prevalence, only a few studies have identified species circulating in livestock in the country. This study aimed to determine the species responsible for infections in livestock in the Afar region of Ethiopia and characterize the isolates using whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism (wgSNP) analysis and in silico multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).

EchoTilt: An Acoustofluidic Method for the Capture and Enrichment of Nanoplastics Directed Toward Drinking Water Monitoring.

Micro- and nanoplastics have become increasingly relevant as contaminants to be monitored due to their potential health effects and environmental impact. Nanoplastics, in particular, have been shown to be difficult to detect in drinking water, requiring new capture technologies. In this work, we applied the acoustofluidic seed particle method to capture nanoplastics in an optimized, tilted grid of silica clusters even at the high flow rate of 5 mL/min.

Modelling the Impact of Argon Atoms on a WO Surface by Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Machine learning potential energy functions can drive the atomistic dynamics of molecules, clusters, and condensed phases. They are amongst the first examples that showed how quantum mechanics together with machine learning can predict chemical reactions as well as material properties and even lead to new materials. In this work, we study the behaviour of tungsten trioxide (WO) surfaces upon particle impact by employing potential energy surfaces represented by neural networks.

Influence of Scanning Strategy on Residual Stresses in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion Manufactured Alloy 718: Modeling and Experiments.

In additive manufacturing, the presence of residual stresses in produced parts is a well-recognized phenomenon. These residual stresses not only elevate the risk of crack formation but also impose limitations on in-service performance. Moreover, it can distort printed parts if released, or in the worst case even cause a build to fail due to collision with the powder scraper.

Longitudinal Shear in Timber-Concrete Composites with Flexible Adhesive Connections-Experimental and Numerical Investigations.

Timber-concrete composites are established structural elements to combine the advantageous properties of both materials by connecting them. In this work, an innovative flexible adhesive connection in different configurations is investigated. Load-bearing capacity, stiffness, and the failure modes were first experimentally investigated by performing push-out tests.

Phase Evolution of Li-Rich Layered Li-Mn-Ni-(Al)-O Cathode Materials upon Heat Treatments in Air.

The phase evolution of Li-rich Li-Mn-Ni-(Al)-O cathode materials upon heat treatments in the air at 900 °C was studied by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. In addition, the structures of LiMnAl NiO, x = 0.0, 0.

Bumblebee Abundance in Species-Rich Grasslands in Southern Sweden Decreases with Increasing Amount of Arable Land at a Landscape Level.

Conservation of bumblebee populations is essential because of their role as pollinators. Declines in bumblebee abundance have been documented in recent decades, mostly attributed to agricultural intensification, landscape simplification and loss of semi-natural grasslands. In this study, we investigated the effects of landscape composition on bumblebee abundance at different spatial scales in 476 semi-natural grassland sites in southern Sweden.

Expression Levels of MUC5AC and MUC5B in Airway Goblet Cells Are Associated with Traits of COPD and Progression of Chronic Airflow Limitation.

Mucins 5AC (MUC5AC) and 5B (MUC5B) are the major mucins providing the organizing framework for the airway's mucus gel. We retrieved bronchial mucosal biopsies and bronchial wash (BW) samples through bronchoscopy from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( = 38), healthy never-smokers ( = 40), and smokers with normal lung function ( = 40). The expression of MUC5AC and MUC5B was assessed immunohistochemically.

Micellar Choline-Acetyltransferase Complexes Exhibit Ultra-Boosted Catalytic Rate for Acetylcholine Synthesis-Mechanistic Insights for Development of Acetylcholine-Enhancing Micellar Nanotherapeutics.

Choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT) is the key cholinergic enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of acetylcholine (ACh), a crucial signaling molecule with both canonical neurotransmitter function and auto- and paracrine signaling activity in non-neuronal cells, such as lymphocytes and astroglia. Cholinergic dysfunction is linked to both neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated a serendipitous observation, namely that the catalytic rate of human recombinant ChAT (rhChAT) protein greatly differed in buffered solution in the presence and absence of Triton X-100 (TX100).

Ticagrelor Induces Angiogenesis in Progenitor and Mature Endothelial Cells In Vitro: Investigation of the Possible Role of Adenosine.

Ticagrelor, a reversible platelet P2Y receptor antagonist, exerts various pleiotropic actions, some of which are at least partially mediated through adenosine. We studied the ticagrelor and adenosine effect on the angiogenic properties of progenitor CD34-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs). Angiogenesis studies were performed in vitro using capillary-like tube formation and spheroid-based angiogenesis assays.

Regional Variations in the Incidence of Lichen Sclerosus in Sweden: Insights from a Nationwide Register Study (2001-2021).

: Lichen Sclerosus (LSc) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition predominantly affecting the anogenital regions, with a well-recognised potential for malignancy. This study examines the incidence, demographic characteristics, and regional distribution of LSc in Sweden over a 20-year period. The analysis is based on data from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR), with a focus on cases diagnosed in specialist care settings.

Comparison of the Effects of Oral Hygiene Instruction Methods on Oral Hygiene and Self-Perception in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Age-related conditions, such as being misinformed, having limited oral health literacy, and the loss of manual dexterity, autonomy, or visual acuity, may act as barriers to oral health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different oral hygiene instruction methods on oral hygiene and the self-perception of oral health in older adults. This randomized controlled trial included participants aged 65 and older who completed a questionnaire on socio-economic factors, self-perceived oral health, and oral hygiene behaviours.

Utility of Simultaneous Left Atrial Strain-Volume Relationship During Passive Leg Lift to Identify Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure-A Proof-of-Concept Study.

: The assessment of left ventricular (LV) filling pressure in heart failure (HF) poses a diagnostic challenge, as HF patients may have normal LV filling pressures at rest but often display elevated LV filling pressures during exercise. Rapid preload increase during passive leg lift (PLL) may unmask HF in such challenging scenarios. We explored the dynamic interplay between simultaneous left atrial (LA) function and volume using LA strain/volume loops during rest and PLL and compared its diagnostic performance with conventional echocardiographic surrogates to detect elevated LV filling pressure.

Correction: Tognetti et al. Pattern Analysis of Benign and Malignant Atypical Melanocytic Skin Lesions of Palms and Soles: Variations of Dermoscopic Features According to Anatomic Site and Personal Experience. 2024, , 659.

"Harald Kittler" was not included as an author in the original publication [...

International Nephrology Masterclass in Chronic Kidney Disease: Rationale, Summary, and Future Perspectives.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that affects more than 10% of the population worldwide, accounting for more than 843 million (M) individuals. The prevalence of CKD (844 M patients) is higher than that of diabetes mellitus (422 M patients), cancer (42 M patients), and HIV (37 M patients), but people are often less aware of it. Global expert groups predict reductions in the nephrology workforce in the next decade, with a declining interest in nephrology careers.

Insulin Sensitivity Controls Activity of Pathogenic CD4+ T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Hyperinsulinemia connects obesity, and a poor lipid profile, with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we investigated consequences of insulin exposure for T cell function in the canonical autoimmunity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We observed that insulin levels correlated with the glycolytic index of CD4+ cells but suppressed transcription of insulin receptor substrates, which was inversely related to insulin sensitivity.

Stem Cell-Associated Proteins and Extracellular Matrix Composition of the Human Atrioventricular Junction.

The human heart regenerates slowly through life, but how new cells are generated is mostly unknown. The atrioventricular junction (AVj) has been indicated as a potential stem cell niche region. Little is known about the protein composition of the human AVj.

Uterine Repair Mechanisms Are Potentiated by Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Decellularized Tissue Grafts Through Elevated , , and Gene Expression.

Transplantation of decellularized uterus tissue showed promise in supporting regeneration following uterine injury in animal models, suggesting an alternative to complete uterus transplantation for uterine factor infertility treatment. However, most animal studies utilized small grafts, limiting their clinical relevance. Hence, we used larger grafts (20 × 10 mm), equivalent to nearly one uterine horn in rats, to better evaluate the bioengineering challenges associated with structural support, revascularization, and tissue regeneration.