Sentinel Lymph Node in Endometrial Hyperplasia: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.

: Endometrial hyperplasia is a uterine pathology characterized by the abnormal proliferation of endometrial glands, resulting in an increased gland-to-stroma ratio. Complex atypical hyperplasia represents the primary precursor to endometrial cancer. Given the high risk of progression to endometrial adenocarcinoma, the accurate diagnosis and classification of endometrial hyperplasia are crucial.

Validation of the International Medullary Thyroid Cancer Grading System and Identification of EZH2 as a Prognostic and Potential Therapeutic Marker in Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a heterogeneous disease. While the International MTC Grading System (IMTCGS) provides baseline risk stratification, it lacks therapeutic relevance. In several cancers, EZH2 overexpression harbors an adverse prognosis, with several EZH2 inhibitors undergoing investigation.

The Chance to Become an Elite Athlete After Pediatric And Adolescent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a severe condition that may affect the career of young athletes. There is limited evidence on the rate and level of return to sport (RTS) after pediatric and adolescent ACL reconstruction.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes, the level and rate of RTS, and predictive factors for RTS after pediatric and adolescent ACL reconstruction.

Assessing emotion regulation difficulties in adolescents: validation and clinical utility of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale, 16-item.

Background: Emotion regulation difficulties have been identified as an underlying mechanism in the development and maintenance of psychopathology. The need to improve our understanding of emotion regulation difficulties to accurately assess and treat adolescents in child and adolescent psychiatric settings is essential.

Method: In the first part of the study, the psychometric qualities of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, 16-item version (DERS-16) were examined in a clinical child and adolescent psychiatric (CAP) sample.

Four scales measuring mental wellbeing in the Nordic countries: do they tell the same story?

Background: Mental wellbeing is an important focus in surveys among adolescents. Several relevant instruments are available. In the Nordic part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study 2022, four different scales for the measurement of wellbeing, were employed: Cantril's Ladder, the WHO-5 Wellbeing Index, the seven-item Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS), and the HBSC Health Complaints Scale.

Navigating global health diplomacy: challenges and opportunities in building a community of practice.

Addressing global health challenges requires complex coordination and collaboration between actors, often through the process of Global Health Diplomacy (GHD). Although considerable scholarship argues the importance of improving this process to build better health policies and systems, few studies have investigated the 'health diplomats' directly leading this work. In this study, we seek to better understand GHD from a practitioners' view by exploring perceptions of knowledge acquisition, capacity building, and network development amongst those who coordinate and orchestrate global policy solutions.

Use of mobile health units in natural disasters: a scoping review.

Background: Mobile Health Units have become important resources for healthcare delivery to dispersed populations following natural disasters. However, criticism regarding their operational flexibility, health coverage and cost-effectiveness remain unaddressed. There are few studies evaluating their usefulness in natural disasters and deployment reports have never been included in peer-reviewed publications.

Cardiometabolic risk factors and disease trends for atrial fibrillation in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a nationwide registry study.

Objective: To investigate standardized incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DMM) compared with matched controls from the general population. Additionally, to examine optimal levels- and relative importance of risk factors associated with AF and numbers of risk factors necessary to reduce excess risk in individuals with T1DM.

Research Design And Methods: The study included individuals with T1DM between 2001 and 2019 and matched controls without T1DM.

Long-term results of a digital treatment tool as an add-on to pediatric obesity lifestyle treatment: a 3-year pragmatic clinical trial.

Background: The integration of mobile health technology with physical visits shows promising one-year treatment outcomes, but long-term evidence is lacking.

Objectives: To assess three-year treatment outcomes for patients utilizing the digital treatment tool Evira in combination with physical visits, compared with standard obesity care.

Methods: In a pragmatic trial, children with obesity aged 4.

Structure and function of the geldanamycin amide synthase from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

Amide synthases catalyze the formation of macrolactam rings from aniline-containing polyketide-derived seco-acids as found in the important class of ansamycin antibiotics. One of these amide synthases is the geldanamycin amide synthase GdmF, which we recombinantly expressed, purified and studied in detail both functionally as well as structurally. Here we show that purified GdmF catalyzes the amide formation using synthetically derived substrates.

β-catenin-driven endomesoderm specification is a Bilateria-specific novelty.

Endomesoderm specification by a maternal β-catenin signal and body axis patterning by interpreting a gradient of zygotic Wnt/β-catenin signalling was suggested to predate the split between Bilateria and their sister clade Cnidaria. However, in Cnidaria, the roles of β-catenin signalling in these processes have not been demonstrated directly. Here, by tagging the endogenous β-catenin in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis, we confirm that its oral-aboral axis is indeed patterned by a gradient of β-catenin signalling.

GWAS identifies genetic loci, lifestyle factors and circulating biomarkers that are risk factors for sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a complex inflammatory disease with a strong genetic component. Here, we perform a genome-wide association study in 9755 sarcoidosis cases to identify risk loci and map associated genes. We then use transcriptome-wide association studies and enrichment analyses to explore pathways involved in sarcoidosis and use Mendelian randomization to examine associations with modifiable factors and circulating biomarkers.

Industry Perspectives on Implementation of Model Master File (MMF) Framework for Generics and Innovator Drugs: Opportunities, Challenges and Future Outlook.

Modeling and simulation (M&S) based approaches have proven significant utility in both new drug and generic product development. Considering the plethora of applications of such novel approaches, the concept of model master file (MMF) has been introduced recently to streamline the regulatory submission process as well as to facilitate the use of M&S approaches. The MMF has potential to reduce the applicant's efforts in preparing and submitting modeling-based applications and can result in reduced review timelines.

New recommendations for reversal of high-dose methotrexate cytotoxicity with folinic acid.

Purpose: Folinic acid (FA) rescue protocols to counter the adverse effects of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) vary widely, and the risk of over-rescue and potential adverse effects of excessive FA (e.g., hypercalcemia) are under-recognized issues when providing augmented rescue in cases of delayed methotrexate elimination (DME).

Postoperative word-finding difficulties in children with posterior fossa tumours: a crosslinguistic European cohort study.

Purpose: Posterior fossa tumour (PFT) surgery carries a risk of mutism or severely reduced speech. As for higher-cognitive language functions, word-finding difficulties have been reported, but no study has compared pre- and postoperative word-finding speeds to identify impairment caused by surgery. The current study investigated changes in word-finding ability associated with PFT surgery and examined factors affecting postoperative ability.

Contraceptive use, both oral and parenteral, is associated with increased arterial stiffness in young healthy women.

Purpose: Previous studies on the impact on arterial health of contraceptive use, or across the menstrual phases, have yielded differing results. Furthermore, there is little research on the differences based on the delivery method of the contraceptive, oral vs parenteral contraceptives. In this study, we examined arterial health using three different physiological measures of arterial function and structure in contraceptive users and non-users.

Prescribing patterns of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the Swedish capital region-a register-based cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have gained considerable media attention, but there is limited knowledge about those receiving the drugs. This study aimed to assess demographic characteristics and previous diagnoses in patients dispensed GLP-1 RAs in Region Stockholm, Sweden, between 2019 and 2023, with a focus on off-label prescribing.

Methods: This was a register-based cross-sectional study including all inhabitants in Region Stockholm, Sweden, who were dispensed a GLP-1 RA between 2019 and 2023.

The effect of loneliness on depressive symptoms in the 65+ European population: a longitudinal observational study using SHARE data.

Loneliness has consistently been found to be associated with an increased probability of depressive symptoms among older adults. Yet, the relationship is complex, and it remains unclear whether loneliness is a cause of depressive symptomatology. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible causal effect of loneliness on subsequent depressive symptoms among older adults (65+) in Europe.

Impact of treatment for adolescent and young adults with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera.

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV) are rare in adolescent and young adult (AYA). These conditions, similar to those in older patients, are linked with thrombotic complications and the potential progression to secondary myelofibrosis (sMF). This retrospective study of ET and PV patients diagnosed before age 25 evaluated complication rates and impact of cytoreductive drugs on outcomes.

Evaluation of clinical benefits and economic value of weight loss in a Swedish population using a simulation model.

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the 10-year clinical benefits and economic value of weight loss in a Swedish population with obesity using a value of weight-loss simulation model.

Methods: Data on the prevalence of and costs associated with obesity and obesity-related complications (ORCs) were applied within an adapted simulation model to evaluate weight-loss benefits for a 2023 Swedish population over 10 years. The 10-year incidence of 10 ORCs and treatment costs in a random cohort of 10,000 individuals were estimated for a stable weight scenario and four weight-loss (5%-20%) scenarios.

Sleep Health and White Matter Integrity in the UK Biobank.

Many people experience impaired sleep health, yet knowledge about its neurobiological correlates is limited. As previous studies have found associations between white matter integrity and several sleep traits, white matter integrity could be causally implicated in poor sleep health. However, these studies were often limited by small sample sizes.

Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions in 600 Swedish children with the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder phenotype.

Background: Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a feeding and eating disorder characterized by extremely restricted dietary variety and/or quantity resulting in serious consequences for physical health and psychosocial functioning. ARFID often co-occurs with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) and psychiatric conditions, but previous data are mostly limited to small clinical samples examining a narrow range of conditions. Here, we examined NDCs and psychiatric conditions in a large, population-based group of children with ARFID.

Surgery in patients aged ≥ 80 years: mortality and recovery in a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: As the global population ages, the demand for surgical interventions in older adults is rising. Older patients face increased risks due to age-related physiological changes and comorbidities, making surgery and postoperative care challenging. This study aimed to assess short- and long-term mortality, as well as patient-centred outcomes such as days alive and at home 30 and 90 days after surgery, in patients aged ≥ 80 y undergoing surgical procedures.

Occupational exposure and chronic bronchitis in a sample of the general population in Telemark, Norway: a two-phased cross-sectional study.

Objectives: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic bronchitis (CB), examine its association with occupational exposure to irritants assessed by self-reporting or the Nordic job exposure matrix (N-JEM) stratified by smoking status and estimate the population-attributable fraction (PAF) of CB from occupational exposure.

Methods: A two-phased, cross-sectional design was used to analyse a random sample collected in 2013 and 2018 of the population aged 16-55 years in Telemark County, Norway. CB was defined as cough and sputum production for ≥3 months over 2 consecutive years.

Global Incidence, Risk Factors, and Temporal Trends of Adrenal Cancer: a systematic analysis of cancer registries.

Objectives: Adrenal gland cancer (AGC) is a rare cancer with a poor prognosis. Studies on this cancer have been limited. This study, for the first time, aims to analyse the global disease burden and trends of adrenal gland cancer in country level and examine lifestyle and socioeconomic risk factors to generate hypotheses.