Natural wax-based edible coatings for preserving postharvest quality of mandarin orange.

Mandarin oranges are susceptible to senescence and decay, primarily due to postharvest quality loss and fungal infections. This study aim to develop edible and active coatings using carnauba and shellac incorporated with carvacrol nanoemulsion (CNE), and to examine the synergistic effects of the coating on the quality parameters and shelf-life of the mandarin oranges during ambient storage. Nanoemulsion of carvacrol with average droplet size of 348.

Plastics matter in the food system.

Agriculture and food systems are major sources of plastic pollution but they are also vulnerable to their diverse lifecycle impacts. However, this problem is not well-recognized in global policy and scientific discourse, agendas, and monitoring of food systems. The United Nations-led Global Plastics Treaty, which has been under negotiation since 2022, is a critical opportunity to address pollution across the entire plastics lifecycle for more sustainable and resilient food systems.

Crystallization of Human Aquaglyceroporins for Neutron Diffraction Studies.

Aquaglyceroporins are channels that facilitate the flux of glycerol and water across lipid bilayers. Although structural information is available for several aquaglyceroporins, the details of how water and glycerol selectivity are maintained and how protons are excluded remain elusive. An approach to obtaining data on the hydrogen atom positions is to apply neutron macromolecular crystallography.

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Two New Fe(III)Mn(III) 1D Bimetallic Compounds.

Two Fe(III)Mn(III) bimetallic compounds, [Tp*Fe (CN)][(Mnsalen)]·MeOH·MeCN () and [Tp*Fe (CN)][Mnsalphen]·MeOH·HO (), were prepared by assembling the tricyanometalate building block (TEA)N [Tp*Fe(CN)] [Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate] and the respective Mn Schiff base precursors [salen = ,'-ethylenebis(salicylideneiminate), salphen = ,-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine]. Both compounds exhibit a one-dimensional (1D) zigzag chain structure linked by cyanide bridges, forming a (-Fe-C≡N-Mn-N≡C-) motif. Magnetic studies show a gradual increase of χ values in both complexes upon lowering temperature, indicating ferromagnetic coupling between the Fe and Mn metal centers with Curie-Weiss constants of +1.

Higher Structure of Chiral Symmetry.

A recent development in our understanding of the theory of quantum fields is the fact that familiar gauge theories in spacetime dimensions greater than two can have non-invertible symmetries generated by topological defects. The hallmark of these non-invertible symmetries is that the fusion rule deviates from the usual group-like structure, and in particular the fusion coefficients take values in topological field theories (TFTs) rather than in mere numbers. In this paper we begin an exploration of the associativity structure of non-invertible symmetries in higher dimensions.

Infections and antibiotic use in early childhood have limited importance in developing manifest type 1 diabetes - The ABIS cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the effect of early childhood infections and antibiotic use on the risk of type 1 diabetes in a general population cohort.

Research Design And Methods: The All Babies In Southeast Sweden (ABIS) cohort followed 16 428 children from birth. Questionnaires collected at 1 year (n=11 093), 3 years (n=8 890) and 5 years of age (n=7 445) included data on infections and antibiotic use and were validated against national registers.

Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer: Simple is Better… Less is More.

A significant number of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) benefit from adjuvant therapy. While 6 months of FOLFOX is standard of care, newer regimens like CAPOX and SOX allow for shorter durations. Trials of importance include SCOT (U.

From Foreshock 30-Second Waves to Magnetospheric Pc3 Waves.

Ultra-low frequency waves, with periods between 1-1000 s, are ubiquitous in the near-Earth plasma environment and play an important role in magnetospheric dynamics and in the transfer of electromagnetic energy from the solar wind to the magnetosphere. A class of those waves, often referred to as Pc3 waves when they are recorded from the ground, with periods between 10 and 45 s, are routinely observed in the dayside magnetosphere. They originate from the ion foreshock, a region of geospace extending upstream of the quasi-parallel portion of Earth's bow shock.

Correction to: Why nature matters: A systematic review of intrinsic, instrumental, and relational values.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biad109.].

Infective Endocarditis Caused by Non-HACEK Gram-Negative Bacteria, a Registry-Based Comparative Study.

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by non-HACEK gram-negative bacteria (nHGNB) is uncommon. In the 2023 Duke-ISCVID diagnostic criteria, and were added as "typical" pathogens. We examine the consequences of this addition, the risk of IE in bacteremia from nHGNB species, and the features of IE caused by nHGNB.

National trends of wrist arthroscopy in Italy: Analysis from 2001 to 2016.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the demographic features of patients undergoing wrist arthroscopy in Italy. A secondary aim was to perform an economic analysis of this type of surgery.

Methods: The National Hospital Discharge Records database was employed to conduct the analysis.

The Battleship technique: A reliable method to quantify intraarticular distance maps patterns and correlate hindfoot alignment.

Purpose: Weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT) creates colour-coded distance maps (DM) to analyze intraarticular contact areas, offering a detailed assessment of joint surface interactions. However, clinical applications of DM remain underexplored. This study introduces the 'Battleship technique (BST)' to evaluate contact area patterns in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the talar dome, producing a single point representing the distance map weighted sum (DMWS).

Single-stage ACL reconstruction and displaced bucket handle Meniscus repair is associated with lower Meniscus repair failure rates compared to two-stage surgery.

Purpose: To compare displaced bucket-handle meniscus repair (BHMR) failure rates, subjective and objective knee function after BHMR in the setting of ACLR performed as a single-or two-stage procedure, and assess factors associated with BHMR survival.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent surgery between February 2015 and December 2021 at one institution. Patients with a displaced bucket-handle meniscus tear (BHMT) and ACL-injury undergoing BHMR and ACLR as a single- (concomitant BHMR and ACLR) or two-stage (BHMR and subsequent ACLR) procedure were identified.

γδ T cell characterisation in the long term after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and its impact on CMV control and cGVHD severity.

Objectives: The clinical outcome after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHCT) relies greatly on the efficient recovery of T cells. Several studies have investigated the short-term γδ T cell reconstitution and their role in clinical outcomes following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Nevertheless, their long-term characteristics and impact have remained largely unknown.

What is the role of paternal genetic transmission on risk for PTSD and internalizing and externalizing disorders?

Background: We utilize a novel contrastive genetic-epidemiological method, the Maternal Half-Sibling Families with Discordant Fathers (MHSFDF) design, to examine cross-generational genetic transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related internalizing major depression (MD), and externalizing disorders: alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug use disorder (DUD).

Methods: Using Swedish national registries, we identified 72,467 maternal half-sibling pairs reared together whose biological fathers were discordant for the diagnoses of PTSD, MD, AUD, and DUD. Offspring selected had to have less than 1 year of contact with their affected fathers.

Understanding zoonotic pathogens and risk factors from wildlife in Southeast Asia: a systematic literature review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the significance of the human-animal interface in the emergence of zoonotic diseases, with wildlife serving as an important source of infection. A better understanding of the specific pathogens and mechanisms involved is vital to prepare against future outbreaks, especially in Southeast Asia, a hotspot for zoonotic diseases. This paper reviews the published literature on wildlife zoonoses in this region from 2012 to 2022.

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Symptom Profiles of Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction in Obesity Before and After Treatment.

Background & Aims: Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) in obesity could impair health outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to study the prevalence and burden of symptoms compatible with a DGBI in obesity and assess the effect of obesity treatment on comorbid DGBI.

Methods: We used baseline and two-year follow-up data from a prospective non-randomized cohort study including patients with obesity referred for obesity treatment.

Impact of health literacy and general self-efficacy on surgical outcomes 2 years after bariatric surgery.

After bariatric surgery, adherence to lifestyle recommendations is crucial. Health literacy and self-efficacy may impact recovery after surgery. In this multicentre study performed in three hospitals in Sweden, we evaluated any relation between preoperative health literacy and general self-efficacy on the one side and weight loss, health-related quality of life, length of stay, and complications up to 2 years after bariatric surgery on the other.

Toughened Interface by Engineering the Side Group of Conjugated Polymers to Stabilize Flexible Perovskite Solar Modules.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE), cost-effective manufacturing processes, as well as the potential flexibility. However, a significant challenge to the commercial applications of PSCs is their mechanical reliability. In this work, three naphthalene diimide polymers with distinct donor units are chosen to reduce surface trap states and enhance the long-term stability and mechanical reliability of photovoltaic devices.

Miniaturized Iontronic Micropipettes for Precise and Dynamic Ionic Modulation of Neuronal and Astrocytic Activity.

The composition of the extracellular milieu can vary significantly under physiological and pathological conditions, thereby altering the functional set point of brain cells. While global changes in the extracellular milieu are known to affect network activity, a detailed understanding of how specific changes in ion species impact individual cells remains elusive. Current modulation methods involve the use of diluted salts, such as KCl, where lack of precise control complicates data interpretation.

Attojoule Superconducting Thermal Logic and Memories.

Due to stringent thermal budgets in cryogenic technologies such as superconducting quantum computers and sensors, electronic building blocks that simultaneously offer low energy consumption, fast switching, low error rates, a small footprint, and simple fabrication are pivotal for large-scale devices. Here, we demonstrate a superconducting switch with attojoule switching energy, high speed (pico-second rise/fall times), and high integration density (on the order of 10 μm per switch). It consists of a superconducting nanochannel and a metal heater separated by an insulating silica layer.

Ru-Doped Fe₂TiO₅ as a High-Performance Electrocatalyst for Urea-Assisted Water Splitting.

The urea oxidation reaction (UOR), with its low thermodynamic potential, offers a promising alternative to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for efficient hydrogen production. However, its sluggish kinetics still demand the development of an efficient electrocatalyst. In this study, the critical role of Ru doping in Fe₂TiO₅ is demonstrated to accelerate UOR kinetics.

A Spline-Based Approach to Smoothly Constrain Hazard Ratios With a View to Apply Treatment Effect Waning.

Objectives: To describe and assess, via simulation, a constraint-based spline approach to implement smooth hazard ratio (HR) waning in time-to-event analyses.

Methods: A common consideration when extrapolating survival functions to evaluate the long-term performance of a novel intervention is scenarios where the beneficial effect of an intervention eventually disappears (treatment effect waning). One approach to relaxing the proportional hazards assumption for a treatment effect is to model it as a function of the timescale, with a spline function offering a flexible approach.

Clinical photon-counting CT increases CT number precision and reduces patient size dependence compared to single- and dual- energy CT.

Objectives: To study whether photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) can improve CT number accuracy, precision and reduce patient size dependence compared to dual-energy CT (DECT) virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) and single-energy CT (SECT).

Methods: Clinical PCCT, DECT and SECT scanners were used to image a multi-energy quality assurance phantom and tissue-equivalent inserts with/without an outer nested annulus, representing two object sizes (18 and 33 cm). CT numbers were converted to linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) and regions-of-interest applied.

Renal-clearable and tumor-retained nanodots overcoming metabolic reprogramming to boost mitochondrial-targeted photodynamic therapy in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Targeting tumor metabolism reprogramming has demonstrated a synergistic antitumor effect in photodynamic therapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, such a combination therapeutic regimen has encountered challenges, such as limited photosensitizer bioavailability and severe drug toxicity.

Methods And Results: Herein, ultrasmall metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) nanodots (MSPC) that encapsulate metabolism inhibitors and mitochondria-targeted photosensitizers are designed and fabricated for synergistic photodynamic therapy (PDT) of TNBC.