Nineteen years of constraint-induced movement therapy: A practice-based, retrospective, observational study.

Background: Despite its proven efficacy and recommendations in national clinical guidelines, Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is rarely implemented, sustained over time, nor evaluated in regular clinical practice.

Aims: To evaluate the effects of CIMT that has been delivered in a clinical setting over a sustained period of time, and to study the relationship between patient characteristics and outcomes.

Material And Methods: This practice-based, retrospective, observational study utilised a before-and-after design.

Age Decomposition of Mortality Rates Among Children Younger Than 5 Years in 47 LMICs.

Importance: Despite a global decline in the mortality rate of children younger than 5 years (the under-5 mortality rate), neonatal deaths continue to present a substantial challenge. The etiology behind deaths varies between the early and late neonatal periods as well as at later ages.

Objective: To decompose the under-5 mortality rate in 47 low- and middle-income countries into 8 age intervals, providing a comprehensive understanding of varying vulnerability across age groups.

Assessing neurocognitive outcomes in PTSD: a multilevel meta-analytical approach.

Evidence supporting the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cognitive impairment is accumulating. However, less is known about which factors influence this association. The aims of this meta-analysis were to (1) elucidate the association between PTSD and a broad spectrum of cognitive impairment, including the risk of developing neurocognitive disorder (NCD) later in life, using a multilevel meta-analytic approach, and (2) identify potential moderating factors of this association by examining the effects of age (20-39, 40-59, 60+), study design (cross-sectional or longitudinal), study population (war-exposed populations/veterans or the general population), neurocognitive outcome assessed (i.

Development and validation of a new measure for forced migrants/refugees: the Screening of Refugees Self-Report (ScoRE-SR).

Purpose: To remedy the lack of a measure that jointly assesses the psychological status and impact of migration stressors among forced migrants, we developed and tested the Screening of Refugees Self-Report (ScoRE-SR) Questionnaire.

Method: Four institutions with expertise on posttraumatic symptomatology and/or migration stressors developed the ScoRE-SR through an iterative process also involving consultation with migrants and experts. The measure consists of 54 items on functioning, migration stressors, and posttraumatic symptomatology.

Fluorescence of Helical Molecular Springs under High Pressure.

Although the unique structure of helicenes resembles molecular springs, the effects of their extension-contraction cycles on their properties have rarely been explored. Here, we investigated the fluorescence of two π-extended [n]helicenes with different helical lengths n, named [7] and [9], under high pressures in a diamond anvil cell. The experimental results showed that compound [9], with a longer helical length, exhibited a more sensitive fluorescence response than [7] in both crystalline and solvated states upon compression.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and the risk of autoimmune diseases.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), characterized by the age-related expansion of blood cells carrying preleukemic mutations, is associated with immune aging. This study aimed to investigate the association between CHIP and established autoimmune diseases.

Methods: We analyzed baseline data from 456,692 UK Biobank participants with available whole-exome sequences.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of kidney cancer: A Swedish nationwide cohort study in the general and high-use populations.

Background: Data on the association between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and kidney cancer (KC) are conflicting. This study aimed to evaluate this association in the general population and in patients with extensive NSAID use: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA).

Methods: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study of the Swedish general population and among patients with RA or SpA, among whom NSAID use was around five times higher.

Struggling in no-man's land between childhood and adulthood - a phenomenological-hermeneutical video-observation study exploring adolescent males' encounters with general practitioners.

Objective: Many adolescent males report negative experiences of consultations with general practitioners (GPs), which contrasts with the importance of patient-centredness that GPs themselves emphasise. A better understanding of this discrepancy might facilitate improvements. The aim was to explore and describe adolescent males' encounters with GPs in Swedish primary healthcare centres using a lifeworld perspective.

A Cognitive Nose? Evaluating Working Memory Benchmarks in the Olfactory Domain.

Working memory (WM) processes are assumed to operate on a wide variety of sensory materials, yet WM research rarely extends beyond sight and hearing. In this systematic review, we integrate research from studies that address WM in olfaction, the sense of smell, spanning the last 50 years (N=44). We assessed whether 21 proposed "benchmarks" for WM generalize to olfactory WM.

Writing an impactful Review: top tips from the Editors.

Review articles are critical to the scientific enterprise. They are often the starting point for researchers exploring a new area or those searching for a quick overview of the field. Good reviews serve as references for years to come and can be crucial teaching tools.

Child and Family Centred Care: A Three-Phased Principle-Based Concept Analysis.

Introduction: Despite a growing multidisciplinary interest in the Child and Family Centred Care approach, its meaning remains unclear in extant literature. It is, therefore, crucial to explore, analyse, describe, and clarify the concept of the Child and Family Centred Care approach and its associated terms.

Method: A three-phased principle-based concept analysis approach was used to analyse the concept of Child and Family Centred Care.

Who gets frustrated? Identifying individuals prone to frustration using a latent profile analysis.

Introduction: Frustration is a complex negative emotion with multifaceted components that significantly influence cognitive and behavioral responses. While previous studies have explored frustration, identifying distinct groups of individuals prone to frustration has yielded inconsistent findings. This study employs a person-centered approach to identify clusters of drivers based on frustration triggers and emotional responses to frustrating events.

Interaction of Swine Manure Ash-Oxygen Carrier Particles under Chemical Looping Conditions.

The interaction between biofuel ashes and the oxygen carrier in chemical looping combustion (CLC) and chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) processes will be a key factor for the future implementation of these processes on an industrial scale. This is important if the biofuel used is a waste product with a high ash content, as much as 30 wt %, as is dry swine manure. The main components of swine manure ash are Ca (17 wt %) and P (13 wt %).

Clinical evidence of immunogenicity of CAR-T cell therapies and its implication in the clinical development of CAR-T drug products.

Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cell therapies (CAR-T) are becoming powerful immunotherapeutic tools for treating malignancies, especially hematological malignancies. Like other biological drugs, CAR-T cell products can trigger unwanted immune responses in patients receiving the treatment. This might lead to treatment failure or life-threatening consequences.

Balancing inflammation: the specific roles of serum amyloid A proteins in sterile and infectious diseases.

Serum Amyloid A (SAA) proteins are acute-phase reactants with critical roles in sterile and bacterial inflammation. Through and experiments, we demonstrate that SAA proteins amplify cytokine and chemokine responses during sterile inflammation and enhance bacterial clearance in infectious conditions. Mechanistically, SAA proteins augment NF-κB signaling, driving pro and anti-inflammatory mediator production.

The infiltration of microplastics in human systems: Gastrointestinal accumulation and pathogenic impacts.

Microplastic particles have become ubiquitous in various ecosystems due to a drastic increase in plastic use and its consequent litter. The biological effects of these plastic particles on aquatic fauna are well-documented. However, the study of their accumulation and subsequent impact on terrestrial flora and fauna is in its initial stages.

Engineering a Quality Management System for Academic Research: Navigating Challenges to Comply with the New Medical Device Regulations in Europe.

Purpose: The new Medical Device Regulations (MDR) in Europe represent unprecedented challenges for researchers in academic environments. Adherence to regulatory frameworks, like the Medical Device Directive (MDD), was mostly relevant for projects nearing commercialization. However, the MDR now extends its reach into the preliminary phases of pre-clinical research, imposing new challenges and necessitating compliance for any clinical investigation involving medical device safety or performance.

XeroGraph: enhancing data integrity in the presence of missing values with statistical and predictive analysis.

Motivation: Missing data present a pervasive challenge in data analysis, potentially biasing outcomes and undermining conclusions if not addressed properly. Missing data are commonly classified into Missing Completely at Random (MCAR), Missing at Random (MAR), and Missing Not at Random (MNAR). While MCAR poses a minimal risk of data distortion, both MAR and MNAR can seriously affect the results of subsequent analyses.

Perceived barriers and facilitators to exercise adherence in osteoarthritis: A thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.

Objective: Exercise is a first-line intervention for osteoarthritis (OA). However, exercise adherence remains low, and existing studies exploring factors influencing adherence have yielded inconclusive results based on quantitative data. This study aims to synthesise qualitative studies focused on the perceived facilitators and barriers affecting exercise adherence in individuals with OA.

Organizational factors behind low sickness absence in Swedish municipalities-An explorative qualitative study.

Introduction: This study explores organizational factors that contributes to low sickness absence in Swedish municipalities.

Methods: A qualitative, explorative design was used, including semi-structured individual interviews with 63 managers across 12 municipalities with either high or low sickness absence. Interviews were conducted with Human resources managers, Administration managers and Unit managers in senior care and schools.

Understanding Right Heart Flow: Implications for Interatrial Shunt Device Therapy in Heart Failure.

Elevation in left atrial pressure with subsequent pulmonary congestion is central to the pathology of heart failure. Interatrial shunts have emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy in patients with heart failure, especially those with diastolic dysfunction. These devices decrease left atrial pressure by shunting blood into the right atrium.

MicroED Structures of Fluticasone Furoate and Fluticasone Propionate Provide New Insights into Their Function.

The detailed understanding of the conformational pathway of fluticasone, a widely prescribed medicine for allergic rhinitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), from formulation to its protein-bound state, has been limited due to a lack of access to its high-resolution structures. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of fluticasone furoate remains unpublished, and the deposited structure of fluticasone propionate could be further refined due to refinement against new data. We applied microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) to determine the 3D structures of and in their solid states.