Fluorescence of Helical Molecular Springs under High Pressure.

Although the unique structure of helicenes resembles molecular springs, the effects of their extension-contraction cycles on their properties have rarely been explored. Here, we investigated the fluorescence of two π-extended [n]helicenes with different helical lengths n, named [7] and [9], under high pressures in a diamond anvil cell. The experimental results showed that compound [9], with a longer helical length, exhibited a more sensitive fluorescence response than [7] in both crystalline and solvated states upon compression.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and the risk of autoimmune diseases.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), characterized by the age-related expansion of blood cells carrying preleukemic mutations, is associated with immune aging. This study aimed to investigate the association between CHIP and established autoimmune diseases.

Methods: We analyzed baseline data from 456,692 UK Biobank participants with available whole-exome sequences.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of kidney cancer: A Swedish nationwide cohort study in the general and high-use populations.

Background: Data on the association between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and kidney cancer (KC) are conflicting. This study aimed to evaluate this association in the general population and in patients with extensive NSAID use: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA).

Methods: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study of the Swedish general population and among patients with RA or SpA, among whom NSAID use was around five times higher.

Struggling in no-man's land between childhood and adulthood - a phenomenological-hermeneutical video-observation study exploring adolescent males' encounters with general practitioners.

Objective: Many adolescent males report negative experiences of consultations with general practitioners (GPs), which contrasts with the importance of patient-centredness that GPs themselves emphasise. A better understanding of this discrepancy might facilitate improvements. The aim was to explore and describe adolescent males' encounters with GPs in Swedish primary healthcare centres using a lifeworld perspective.

A Cognitive Nose? Evaluating Working Memory Benchmarks in the Olfactory Domain.

Working memory (WM) processes are assumed to operate on a wide variety of sensory materials, yet WM research rarely extends beyond sight and hearing. In this systematic review, we integrate research from studies that address WM in olfaction, the sense of smell, spanning the last 50 years (N=44). We assessed whether 21 proposed "benchmarks" for WM generalize to olfactory WM.

Writing an impactful Review: top tips from the Editors.

Review articles are critical to the scientific enterprise. They are often the starting point for researchers exploring a new area or those searching for a quick overview of the field. Good reviews serve as references for years to come and can be crucial teaching tools.

Child and Family Centred Care: A Three-Phased Principle-Based Concept Analysis.

Introduction: Despite a growing multidisciplinary interest in the Child and Family Centred Care approach, its meaning remains unclear in extant literature. It is, therefore, crucial to explore, analyse, describe, and clarify the concept of the Child and Family Centred Care approach and its associated terms.

Method: A three-phased principle-based concept analysis approach was used to analyse the concept of Child and Family Centred Care.

Who gets frustrated? Identifying individuals prone to frustration using a latent profile analysis.

Introduction: Frustration is a complex negative emotion with multifaceted components that significantly influence cognitive and behavioral responses. While previous studies have explored frustration, identifying distinct groups of individuals prone to frustration has yielded inconsistent findings. This study employs a person-centered approach to identify clusters of drivers based on frustration triggers and emotional responses to frustrating events.

Interaction of Swine Manure Ash-Oxygen Carrier Particles under Chemical Looping Conditions.

The interaction between biofuel ashes and the oxygen carrier in chemical looping combustion (CLC) and chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) processes will be a key factor for the future implementation of these processes on an industrial scale. This is important if the biofuel used is a waste product with a high ash content, as much as 30 wt %, as is dry swine manure. The main components of swine manure ash are Ca (17 wt %) and P (13 wt %).

Clinical evidence of immunogenicity of CAR-T cell therapies and its implication in the clinical development of CAR-T drug products.

Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cell therapies (CAR-T) are becoming powerful immunotherapeutic tools for treating malignancies, especially hematological malignancies. Like other biological drugs, CAR-T cell products can trigger unwanted immune responses in patients receiving the treatment. This might lead to treatment failure or life-threatening consequences.

Balancing inflammation: the specific roles of serum amyloid A proteins in sterile and infectious diseases.

Serum Amyloid A (SAA) proteins are acute-phase reactants with critical roles in sterile and bacterial inflammation. Through and experiments, we demonstrate that SAA proteins amplify cytokine and chemokine responses during sterile inflammation and enhance bacterial clearance in infectious conditions. Mechanistically, SAA proteins augment NF-κB signaling, driving pro and anti-inflammatory mediator production.

The infiltration of microplastics in human systems: Gastrointestinal accumulation and pathogenic impacts.

Microplastic particles have become ubiquitous in various ecosystems due to a drastic increase in plastic use and its consequent litter. The biological effects of these plastic particles on aquatic fauna are well-documented. However, the study of their accumulation and subsequent impact on terrestrial flora and fauna is in its initial stages.

Engineering a Quality Management System for Academic Research: Navigating Challenges to Comply with the New Medical Device Regulations in Europe.

Purpose: The new Medical Device Regulations (MDR) in Europe represent unprecedented challenges for researchers in academic environments. Adherence to regulatory frameworks, like the Medical Device Directive (MDD), was mostly relevant for projects nearing commercialization. However, the MDR now extends its reach into the preliminary phases of pre-clinical research, imposing new challenges and necessitating compliance for any clinical investigation involving medical device safety or performance.

XeroGraph: enhancing data integrity in the presence of missing values with statistical and predictive analysis.

Motivation: Missing data present a pervasive challenge in data analysis, potentially biasing outcomes and undermining conclusions if not addressed properly. Missing data are commonly classified into Missing Completely at Random (MCAR), Missing at Random (MAR), and Missing Not at Random (MNAR). While MCAR poses a minimal risk of data distortion, both MAR and MNAR can seriously affect the results of subsequent analyses.

Perceived barriers and facilitators to exercise adherence in osteoarthritis: A thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.

Objective: Exercise is a first-line intervention for osteoarthritis (OA). However, exercise adherence remains low, and existing studies exploring factors influencing adherence have yielded inconclusive results based on quantitative data. This study aims to synthesise qualitative studies focused on the perceived facilitators and barriers affecting exercise adherence in individuals with OA.

Organizational factors behind low sickness absence in Swedish municipalities-An explorative qualitative study.

Introduction: This study explores organizational factors that contributes to low sickness absence in Swedish municipalities.

Methods: A qualitative, explorative design was used, including semi-structured individual interviews with 63 managers across 12 municipalities with either high or low sickness absence. Interviews were conducted with Human resources managers, Administration managers and Unit managers in senior care and schools.

Understanding Right Heart Flow: Implications for Interatrial Shunt Device Therapy in Heart Failure.

Elevation in left atrial pressure with subsequent pulmonary congestion is central to the pathology of heart failure. Interatrial shunts have emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy in patients with heart failure, especially those with diastolic dysfunction. These devices decrease left atrial pressure by shunting blood into the right atrium.

MicroED Structures of Fluticasone Furoate and Fluticasone Propionate Provide New Insights into Their Function.

The detailed understanding of the conformational pathway of fluticasone, a widely prescribed medicine for allergic rhinitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), from formulation to its protein-bound state, has been limited due to a lack of access to its high-resolution structures. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of fluticasone furoate remains unpublished, and the deposited structure of fluticasone propionate could be further refined due to refinement against new data. We applied microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) to determine the 3D structures of and in their solid states.

Natural wax-based edible coatings for preserving postharvest quality of mandarin orange.

Mandarin oranges are susceptible to senescence and decay, primarily due to postharvest quality loss and fungal infections. This study aim to develop edible and active coatings using carnauba and shellac incorporated with carvacrol nanoemulsion (CNE), and to examine the synergistic effects of the coating on the quality parameters and shelf-life of the mandarin oranges during ambient storage. Nanoemulsion of carvacrol with average droplet size of 348.

Plastics matter in the food system.

Agriculture and food systems are major sources of plastic pollution but they are also vulnerable to their diverse lifecycle impacts. However, this problem is not well-recognized in global policy and scientific discourse, agendas, and monitoring of food systems. The United Nations-led Global Plastics Treaty, which has been under negotiation since 2022, is a critical opportunity to address pollution across the entire plastics lifecycle for more sustainable and resilient food systems.

Crystallization of Human Aquaglyceroporins for Neutron Diffraction Studies.

Aquaglyceroporins are channels that facilitate the flux of glycerol and water across lipid bilayers. Although structural information is available for several aquaglyceroporins, the details of how water and glycerol selectivity are maintained and how protons are excluded remain elusive. An approach to obtaining data on the hydrogen atom positions is to apply neutron macromolecular crystallography.

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Two New Fe(III)Mn(III) 1D Bimetallic Compounds.

Two Fe(III)Mn(III) bimetallic compounds, [Tp*Fe (CN)][(Mnsalen)]·MeOH·MeCN () and [Tp*Fe (CN)][Mnsalphen]·MeOH·HO (), were prepared by assembling the tricyanometalate building block (TEA)N [Tp*Fe(CN)] [Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate] and the respective Mn Schiff base precursors [salen = ,'-ethylenebis(salicylideneiminate), salphen = ,-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine]. Both compounds exhibit a one-dimensional (1D) zigzag chain structure linked by cyanide bridges, forming a (-Fe-C≡N-Mn-N≡C-) motif. Magnetic studies show a gradual increase of χ values in both complexes upon lowering temperature, indicating ferromagnetic coupling between the Fe and Mn metal centers with Curie-Weiss constants of +1.

Higher Structure of Chiral Symmetry.

A recent development in our understanding of the theory of quantum fields is the fact that familiar gauge theories in spacetime dimensions greater than two can have non-invertible symmetries generated by topological defects. The hallmark of these non-invertible symmetries is that the fusion rule deviates from the usual group-like structure, and in particular the fusion coefficients take values in topological field theories (TFTs) rather than in mere numbers. In this paper we begin an exploration of the associativity structure of non-invertible symmetries in higher dimensions.

Infections and antibiotic use in early childhood have limited importance in developing manifest type 1 diabetes - The ABIS cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the effect of early childhood infections and antibiotic use on the risk of type 1 diabetes in a general population cohort.

Research Design And Methods: The All Babies In Southeast Sweden (ABIS) cohort followed 16 428 children from birth. Questionnaires collected at 1 year (n=11 093), 3 years (n=8 890) and 5 years of age (n=7 445) included data on infections and antibiotic use and were validated against national registers.