Help-seeking preferences and barriers for mental health problems among university students in Portugal, Germany, and Sweden.

Background: Mental health problems are prevalent among university students, underscoring the need to improve access to effective interventions. Mental healthcare utilization is influenced by general and country-specific factors. This study aimed to identify and compare preferences and barriers to help-seeking for mental health problems among university students in three European countries.

Declining activity of serum response factor in aging aorta in relation to aneurysm progression.

Age is a critical determinant of arterial disease, including aneurysm formation. Here, to understand the impact of aging on the arterial transcriptome, we leveraged RNA-sequencing data to define transcripts that change with advancing age in human arteries. Among the most repressed transcripts in aged individuals were those that are relevant for actomyosin structure and organization, including both myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and smooth muscle γ-actin (ACTG2).

Bi-allelic variants in three genes encoding distinct subunits of the vesicular AP-5 complex cause hereditary macular dystrophy.

Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of Mendelian disorders that often lead to progressive vision loss and involve approximately 300 distinct genes. Although variants in these loci account for the majority of molecular diagnoses, other genes associated with IRD await molecular identification. In this study, we uncover bi-allelic assortments of 23 different (22 loss-of-function) variants in AP5Z1, AP5M1, and AP5B1 as independent causes of recessive IRD in members of 19 families from nine countries.

NAT2 activity increases cytotoxicity of anthracycline antibiotics and HDAC inhibitors.

The Arylamine-N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2) enzyme is involved in metabolism of commonly used drugs driving differences in efficacy and tolerability of treatments. To bridge the current knowledge gap on metabolism of cytotoxic drugs by NAT2, and identify anticancer agents whose effects depend on NAT2 activity, we assessed 147 clinically used drugs. Hit compounds were evaluated for metabolic conversion by acetylation in presence of recombinant NAT2.

Drivers' overall comfort experiences of reclined positions in a passenger car with an automated driving function.

-Automated driving (AD) in cars enables reclined positions when drivers disengage from driving tasks. The objective was to explore driver comfort in self-selected reclined positions during AD, and whether the chosen seat back angle is affected by stature. The study involved 29 participants in upright and reclined positions during AD on a test track at 30 km/h.

Associations between cerebrospinal fluid synaptic protein biomarkers and cognitive function in bipolar disorder.

This study is the first to investigate the association between a comprehensive panel of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) synaptic protein biomarkers and cognitive function using data from a prospective cohort study including N = 59 patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission and N = 37 healthy control individuals (HC). The CSF synaptic protein biomarkers included neuronal pentraxin (NPTX)1, NPTX2, 14-3-3 proteins, AP-2 complex subunit-beta, beta-synuclein, complexin-2, gamma-synuclein, NPTX-receptor, phosphatidylethanolamine-binding proteins, rab GDP dissociation inhibitor-alpha, syntaxins-1B and 7. The biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction were analyzed by targeted mass spectrometry.

Airborne metals and microorganisms during work with historical books - Exposure and biomonitoring.

Exposure to metals and microorganisms can pose health risks. Historical books often contain pigments with metals, and fungi. The aim of this study is to obtain knowledge about exposure to eight metals and microorganisms in a library in Denmark.

Structure, functionality and bioactivity of sulfated polysaccharide extracted from rainbow trout byproducts: pH-shift method vs enzymatic hydrolysis.

Here, a novel method for sequentially extracting sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) from Oncorhynchus mykiss byproducts using alkaline/acid solubilization followed by isoelectric precipitation is compared with conventional enzymatic hydrolysis. Alkaline solubilization (SP-Alk) yielded SPs (2.46 %) comparable to the enzymatic method (SP-Enz, 2.

Prediction of high-Tc superconductivity in two corrugated graphene sheets with intercalated CeH9 molecules.

Recent discoveries involving high-temperature superconductivity in H3S and LaH10 have sparked a renewed interest in exploring the potential for superconductivity within hydrides. These superconductors require extremely high-pressure condition (∼ 100 GPa), rendering them virtually impractical for industrial applications. In this study, we verify the occurrence of a low pressure superconductivity phase transition in a system containing two graphene layers with sine form corrugations where CeH9 doped molecules are intercalated between the layers.

Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Individuals With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Sweden.

Background And Objectives: Diabetes significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular events, including stroke. Although the association with ischemic stroke is well established, the relationship with hemorrhagic stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with diabetes-free controls from the general population.

Making a Family: Kinning and Conception in Lesbian Families.

In the Netherlands, lesbian couples have a relatively high level of agency in shaping conception, as they can choose between different donor constructions (sperm bank donor versus contact donor), high- and low-tech medical interventions, and clinical and non-clinical inseminations. This results in pluriform conceptive practices, which this paper examines through the lens of , i.e.

How circuits for habits are formed within the basal ganglia.

Recent findings show that stereotyped movement sequences (habits) need the cortex in the learning phase, but after learning, the cortex can be inactivated, and the movement still be performed flawlessly. The motor program is dependent on the sensorimotor part of the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) and on synaptic plasticity in the thalamostriatal synapses. New findings from several laboratories have revealed a highly precise spatially interactive organization within the basal ganglia [DLS, substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), and the thalamostriatal parafascicular nucleus (PF)] and with precise input from the cortex.

Frequency of haematogenous periprosthetic joint infection due to bacteraemia caused by gram-positive cocci.

Background: Presence of a prosthetic joint entails a life-long risk of haematogenous periprosthetic joint infection (hPJI) during bacteraemia. For bacteraemia with the hPJI frequency has been described to be up to 40% and for streptococci up to 20%, with large variation among reported frequencies.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the hPJI frequency from bacteraemia with virulent gram-positive cocci in patients with hip and/or knee prosthesis.

Evolutionary adaptations of doublet microtubules in trypanosomatid parasites.

The movement and pathogenicity of trypanosomatid species, the causative agents of trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis, are dependent on a flagellum that contains an axoneme of dynein-bound doublet microtubules (DMTs). In this work, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of DMTs from two trypanosomatid species, and , at resolutions up to 2.7 angstrom.

Surface Formation Pathway of Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Organic Compounds on Ammonium Sulfate.

The formation of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organic compounds (N-Org and S-Org) is important for atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production, thereby influencing air quality and global climate. However, the mechanisms underlying N-Org and S-Org formation on aerosol particle surfaces are poorly understood due to the limited availability of surface-sensitive analytical techniques. This study investigates the surface interactions of glyoxal (GL), a known SOA precursor, with ammonium sulfate (NH)SO, under varying relative humidity (RH) conditions, using ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS), near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Learning to work and working to learn: a phenomenographic perspective on the transition from student to doctor.

The transition from being a medical student to working as a doctor is a pivotal phase, often marked by challenges in balancing learning with the demands of clinical practice. Despite extensive research on the struggles faced by junior doctors, there remains a gap in understanding how other key stakeholders perceive this transition and how it can be viewed as more than just a struggle. In this phenomenographic study, we used the Swedish medical internship as a proxy for the transition and explored internship programme directors' (PDs) perceptions of the medical internship from a developmental point of view.

The Role of Theatre Testing in Prevention Science.

Theatre Testing, a method extensively employed in marketing research and advertising, involves presenting materials to an audience in a controlled setting to gather feedback and insights. While the application of Theatre Testing in marketing and advertising is long-standing, its increasing application in prevention science raises several critical questions. This article describes the Theatre Testing process, debates the merits and drawbacks of the method, and exemplifies the pros and cons by discussing the method in relation to gender-based violence prevention within the Swedish 'open preschool' context.

Exploration of health care utilization, social care utilization and costs for individuals discharged from inpatient geriatric care in Sweden - a registry data study.

Background: Individuals receiving geriatric care are often frail and afflicted with multiple chronic conditions demanding care from several medical disciplines, and from several different care providing units across the health systems.

Objective: To explore the six-month service utilization and direct costs attributed to individuals receiving geriatric inpatient care.

Methods: Health care utilization- in terms of inpatient care, outpatient visits with different health care professions- and social care utilization- in terms of social services, and stay at residential care facility (RCF)- were quantified based on registry data, for a cohort admitted to geriatric inpatient care in Stockholm, Sweden during 2016.

[Quality assurance in cardiology with routine data : Requirement and reality].

Routine data are very helpful as an instrument for health services research. In German hospitals the input data of the statutory quality assurance (in cardiology: left heart catheterization, cardiac implantable electronic devices and transcatheter aortic valve implantation, TAVI), the data according to § 21 of the Hospital Remuneration Act and mandatory quality assurance reports of hospitals are available. In addition, the health insurance companies also have social data at their disposal.

Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength and Bothersome Urinary Incontinence After Pregnancy: A Cohort Study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Postpartum urinary incontinence (UI) is prevalent, and women with bothersome UI tend to seek more help. This study was aimed at evaluating the association between pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength and bothersome UI in the 1st year postpartum.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 504 participants.

Development of an eHealth Intervention in Pediatric Home Infusion Therapy: Interview Study of Needs and Preferences of Parents and Health Care Professionals.

Background: With the provision of home infusion therapy in children with acute or long-term illness on the rise, eHealth technologies have the potential to bridge the transition between hospital and home. However, eHealth interventions intended to support parents in managing home infusion therapy are sparse. Gaining insight into the needs and experiences of parents and health care professionals is crucial to developing feasible and sustainable eHealth interventions that target their needs.

Cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease: role of brain imaging, functional imaging, electroencephalography, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and sensors.

Chronic kidney disease is associated with cognitive impairment although the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Characterization and efficient monitoring of the cognitive impact of kidney disease and ensuing therapies are critical for the accurate clinical management of patients. A vast array of imaging modalities, biomarkers, and sensors have shown relevance for the assessment of cognitive impairment.

Cognitive impairment in kidney transplanted patients.

Chronic kidney disease affects almost all of the organs. Recently, more attention has been paid to the kidney and the central nervous system connections. In patients on kidney replacement therapy, including kidney transplantation, there is an increased prevalence of cognitive impairment, and depression and other neurological complications, such as cerebrovascular disorders and movement disorders.