Atrial fibrillation burden in clinical practice, research, and technology development: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology Council on Stroke and the European Heart Rhythm Association.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac diseases and a complicating comorbidity for multiple associated diseases. Many clinical decisions regarding AF are currently based on the binary recognition of AF being present or absent with the categorical appraisal of AF as continued or intermittent. Assessment of AF in clinical trials is largely limited to the time to (first) detection of an AF episode.

Real-life intense fear is communicated through context, not facial expressions.

Central emotion theories assume that during threatening and dangerous events the human face signals a prototypical, distinct, and universally recognized expression of fear which can be accurately decoded by conspecific perceivers. Due to the importance of fear expressions, an unusually large body of research has been dedicated to exploring their evolutionary origins, neurobiological mechanisms, and clinical significance. However, these studies typically utilize highly recognizable posed actor portrayals presumed to closely resemble the diagnostic physical appearance of real-life fearful faces.

Lack of association between breastfeeding duration and body mass index in children and adolescents - A Swedish cohort study.

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between breastfeeding duration and body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity in children during follow-up until 16 years of age.

Methods: Observational cohort study of mothers and their children born 1999-2000 in a municipality in southwestern Sweden. Data were retrieved from antenatal clinics, primary care child health care centres and school health care.

Preschool children of parents who screen positive for mental health problems have an increased risk of subsequent mental disorders: Findings from a longitudinal follow-up study in Sweden.

Research has shown associations between parental and child mental health problems. However, there is a paucity of Swedish studies on this topic. Investigating this link in a Swedish context could inform preventive interventions aimed at reducing mental health problems in affected families.

Targeting Neuroinflammation in Preterm White Matter Injury: Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes.

Neuroinflammation is a key factor in the development of preterm white matter injury (PWMI), leading to glial cell dysfunction, arrest of oligodendrocyte maturation, and long-term neurological damage. As a potential therapeutic strategy, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit significant immunomodulatory and regenerative potential. Recent studies suggest that the primary mechanism of MSC action is their paracrine effects, particularly mediated by extracellular vesicles, with MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) being the key mediators.

Multimodal neuromonitoring in the nordic countries: experiences and attitudes - a multi-institutional survey.

Background: Multimodal neuromonitoring (MMM) aids early detection of secondary brain injury in neurointensive care and facilitates research in pathophysiologic mechanisms of the injured brain. Invasive ICP monitoring has been the gold standard for decades, however additional methods exist (aMMM). It was hypothesized that local practices regarding aMMM vary considerably and that inter-and intracenter consensus is low.

Macrophage P2Y receptor signalling as a key mediator and therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease driven by lipid deposition and immune cell activation, remains a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence highlights the role of purinergic signalling in atherogenesis, particularly the P2Y receptor in macrophages [1]. Using RNA sequencing, proteomics, expression and functional validation in cells, mouse models and human materials, this study provides comprehensive mechanistic insights into how macrophage P2Y receptors contribute to foam cell formation and plaque development through the phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ)/store-operated Ca entry/calreticulin/scavenger receptor A (SR-A) pathway.

Antidepressants, relapse-prevention medications and both combined to reduce alcohol-related hospitalizations in individuals with severe alcohol use disorder.

Data on the comparative usefulness of medications commonly prescribed to individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are scarce. This study compared the association between antidepressants, relapse-preventive AUD medication, both, and neither on the risk of subsequent alcohol-related hospitalization in individuals with severe AUD. This retrospective analysis of Swedish nationwide register data used Cox (primary analysis) and logistic (sensitivity analysis) regression models to assess the associations between medication exposure (antidepressants, AUD medication, both, neither) and risk of subsequent alcohol-related hospitalization.

The Rate of Major Complications Following Distal Radial Fractures Treated With One Specific Volar Locking Plate: A Retrospective Study of 1,597 Consecutive Cases in 1,564 Patients.

Purpose: Current knowledge of complication rates after volar plating of distal radius fractures mainly relies on studies of low to moderate numbers and various implants. This study sought to find the incidence of complications leading to reoperation in a sample of distal radius fractures treated with one specific volar locking plate (VLP).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1,597 distal radius fractures in 1,564 patients operated with a VLP from January 2011 to December 2017 for complications leading to a reoperation.

Iridium Nanocrystals Enriched with Defects and Atomic Steps to Enhance Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance.

The presence of defects can significantly improve catalytic activity and stability, as they influence the binding of the reactants, intermediates, and products to the catalyst. Controlling defects in the structures of nanocrystal catalysts is synthetically challenging. In this study, we demonstrate the ability to control the growth of Ir nanocrystals, enabling the tuning of both structural and surface defects.

Broadband Chiroptics with Twist-stacked Hyperbolic Conducting Polymer Thin Films.

Chiral-specific interaction of light with organic materials is important but typically arises from circular polarization-dependent absorption of specific optical transitions, resulting in narrow effective wavelength ranges. This study presents a scalable and universal concept for broadband circular dichroism (CD) enabled by strained conducting polymer thin films that possess in-plane hyperbolic optical behavior (i.e.

Mapping Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Effluents through Multichromatographic Platform Analysis and Source Correlations.

This study explores the correlation of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in wastewater effluents using liquid chromatography (LC), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) with derivatization, all coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Over 300 compounds, including frequently overlooked highly polar and nonpharmaceutical CECs, were identified. Monitoring programs mainly focus on reducing variability and assessing pollution in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents under dry weather conditions, often neglecting wet-weather discharges.

Oxygen Vacancies on Hydrated Anatase (101) Surfaces: Insights from Classical and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Hydrated anatase (101) titanium dioxide surfaces with oxygen vacancies have been studied using a combination of classical and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The reactivity of surface oxygen vacancies was investigated using ab initio calculations, showing that water molecules quickly adsorb to oxygen vacancy sites upon hydration. The oxygen vacancy then quickly reacts with the adsorbed water, forming a protonated bridging oxygen atom at the vacancy site and at a neighboring oxygen bridge.

Lifetime classic psychedelic use and headaches: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Migraine and cluster headache are two primary headache disorders for which conventional treatments are limited. Classic psychedelic substances such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin are potentially promising new treatment candidates for these conditions.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible relationship between the lifetime use of classic psychedelics and frequent bad headaches in a large British cohort sample.

Comparison Between Antenatal and Postnatal Colostrum From Women With and Without Type 1 Diabetes.

BackgroundSupplementary feeding, colostrum or, in some countries, commercial milk formula, is given to newborns of women with Type 1 diabetes to prevent neonatal hypoglycemia. Few studies have explored the content of colostrum from women with Type 1 diabetes.Research AimsThis study aimed to investigate the macronutrients in colostrum collected during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period to compare colostrum contents in women with and without Type 1 diabetes.

Does Leak Matter? A Novel Dynamic Leak Model to Simulate Leak for Performance Testing of Manual Neonatal Resuscitation Devices. A Bench Study.

Introduction: Newborn resuscitation is commonly performed in the presence of face mask leak. Leak is highly variable, pressure-dependent and often unrecognized. The effectiveness of resuscitation devices to deliver adequate inflations in the presence of leak is unknown.

The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of persistent post COVID-19 condition: Cohort study.

We conducted a population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden, to investigate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of developing persistent PCC in individuals surviving the first year after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. 331,042 individuals were included, of which 852 had persistent PCC. The adjusted RR (95% CI) for developing persistent PCC compared with unvaccinated individuals was 0.

Patterning effects of FGF17 and cAMP on generation of dopaminergic progenitors for cell replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease.

Cell replacement therapies using human pluripotent stem cell-derived ventral midbrain (VM) dopaminergic (DA) progenitors are currently in clinical trials for treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Recapitulating developmental patterning cues, such as fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8), secreted at the midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB), is critical for the in vitro production of authentic VM DA progenitors. Here, we explored the application of alternative MHB-secreted FGF-family members, FGF17 and FGF18, for VM DA progenitor patterning.

Mitochondrial-Mediated Platelet Activation in Polymyalgia Rheumatica.

Objective: Platelet activation is thought to participate in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) pathogenesis. Upon platelet activation, mitochondria are expelled into the extracellular space. However, whether extracellular mitochondria are present in patients with PMR and whether they can induce platelet activation is not known.

Emergent Relationships Between the Functional Diversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods and Ecosystem Functioning in the Global Ocean.

Copepods are a major group of the mesozooplankton and thus a key part of marine ecosystems worldwide. Their fitness and life strategies are determined by their functional traits which allow different species to exploit various ecological niches. The range of functional traits expressed in a community defines its functional diversity (FD), which can be used to investigate how communities utilize resources and shape ecosystem processes.

Clients' Experiences and Satisfaction with an Integrated Intensive Outpatient Program for Substance Use Disorders.

Background: Comorbidity between substance use disorders and other mental health conditions is common, yet existing treatments often fail to address its full spectrum. Opportunities for integrated treatment are limited, and the effects of such treatment remain relatively unexplored. This study explores the experiences of individuals with substance use disorders who successfully completed a four-month integrated intensive program at an outpatient addiction-care clinic in western Sweden.