Nonneutralizing antibodies in Nordic persons with moderate hemophilia A and B (the MoHem study).

Background: The impact of nonneutralizing antibodies (NNAs) in moderate hemophilia is elusive.

Objectives: To explore the presence of NNAs in Nordic persons with moderate hemophilia A (MHA) and B (MHB) in relation to treatment modality, clinical outcome, history of inhibitor, and the corresponding factor VIII (FVIII)/factor IX (FIX) gene mutation.

Methods: A cross-sectional multicenter study covering persons with MHA and MHB in Sweden, Finland, and Norway.

Critical Steps in Shotgun Metagenomics-Based Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections Using Nanopore Sequencing.

Shotgun metagenomics offers a broad detection of pathogens for rapid blood stream infection of pathogens but struggles with often low numbers of pathogens combined with high levels of human background DNA in clinical samples. This study aimed to develop a shotgun metagenomics protocol using blood spiked with various bacteria and to assess bacterial DNA extraction efficiency with human DNA depletion. The Blood Pathogen Kit (Molzym) was used to extract DNA from EDTA-whole blood (WB) and plasma samples, using contrived blood specimens spiked with bacteria for shotgun metagenomics diagnostics via Oxford Nanopore sequencing and PCR-based library preparation.

Coupling of single nanodiamonds hosting SiV color centers to plasmonic double bowtie microantennas.

Color centers are promising single-photon emitters owing to their operation at room temperature and high photostability. In particular, using nanodiamonds as a host material is of interest for sensing and metrology. Furthermore, being a solid-state system allows for incorporation to photonic systems to tune both the emission intensity and photoluminescence spectrum and therefore adapt the individual color center to desired properties.

Long-Term Real-World Survival of Immunotherapy Compared to Chemotherapy for Metastatic Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background: The long-term real-world effect of immunotherapy (IO) is uncertain in metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). This retrospective observational study aimed to describe treatment patterns following the introduction of IO, estimate real-world treatment effects of IO compared to standard of care, and evaluate the impact of introduction of IO on a real-world population, based on a large dataset of over 10 000 patients with several years of follow-up.

Methods: Data from routine care of lung cancer patients were extracted from Flatiron Health including those who received either IO or platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (PBDC) in the first line (1L), or either IO or chemotherapy (CT) in the second line (2L).

Identifying genetic differences between bipolar disorder and major depression through multiple genome-wide association analyses.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BPD) is difficult in clinical practice, with an average delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of about 7 years. A depressive episode often precedes the first manic episode, making it difficult to distinguish BPD from unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD).

Aims: We use genome-wide association analyses (GWAS) to identify differential genetic factors and to develop predictors based on polygenic risk scores (PRS) that may aid early differential diagnosis.

Effectiveness of nutritional education intervention during pregnancy on birth outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Nutritional education intervention during pregnancy is the process of teaching pregnant women about the importance of a healthy diet and how to make healthy food choices. It is an important part of public health and vital to preventing adverse birth outcomes. Therefore, synthesising available evidence on the effect of nutritional education intervention on birth outcomes is essential for decision-making by policymakers and for identifying needed gaps for future research.

Treating shock with norepinephrine administered in midline catheters in an intermediary care unit: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: A rising incidence of septic shock as well as recommendations for early vasopressor initiation has increased the number of patients eligible for norepinephrine (NE). Traditionally, NE has been administered through central lines, in intensive care units, due to the risk of extravasation in peripheral lines. The aim of the current study is to determine the rate of complications and patient outcomes when NE is administered through midline catheters (MCs) in intermediary care units (IMCUs).

Workplace and social support, treatment satisfaction, and their impact on quality of life in Swedish women with multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional survey study.

Objective: To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL), in relation to support from work, social, as well as treatment satisfaction, in women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Further, to predict the satisfaction on these support dimensions based on sociodemographic and clinical variables.

Design: Cross-sectional survey: a web-based questionnaire conducted in 2021 of people with MS (PwMS) linked to Nationwide Swedish registers.

Thirty-six-year trends (1986-2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To examine the 36-year trends in tobacco use in northern Sweden.

Design And Outcome Measure: Cross-sectional analysis of the eight population-based surveys that constitute the northern Sweden MONICA study (1986, 1990, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2022). Cigarette smoking and snus use were self-reported via questionnaires, and age-adjusted percentages of cigarette smoking (including occasional use) and snus use were calculated via logit models.

Epidemiology of New Psychoactive Substances in Relation to Traditional Drugs of Abuse in Clinical Oral Fluid Samples.

New psychoactive substances (NPS) are health-hazardous through unpredictable toxicity and effects and largely unknown epidemiology, motivating studies of the latter. Up to 138 NPS were retrospectively identified using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry data from all 34 183 oral fluid drug samples collected in one Swedish health care region 2019-2020 representing 9468 psychiatric and addiction care patients. In total, 618 findings representing 58 NPS were detected in 481 samples from 201 patients.

Gut bacteria Prevotellaceae related lithocholic acid metabolism promotes colonic inflammation.

Background: The conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids by the gut microbiota has been implicated in colonic inflammation. This study investigated the role of gut microbiota related bile acid metabolism in colonic inflammation in both patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

Methods: Bile acids in fecal samples from patients with IBD and DSS-induced colitis mice, with and without antibiotic treatment, were analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).

Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9: an investigation using Rasch analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.

Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions. Given its high prevalence and disease burden, accurate diagnostic procedures and valid instruments are warranted to identify those in need of treatment. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is one of the most widely used self-report measures of depression, and its validity and reliability has been evaluated in several languages.

Upregulated PCAT-1 predicts poor prognosis and reduced immune cell infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through the miR-145-5p / FSCN-1 axis.

Background: LncRNA PCAT-1 is known to promote cancer proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. However, its significance in HNSCC is not fully understood. This research investigates how the PCAT-1 / miR-145-5p / FSCN-1 axis promote HNSCC.

Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake.

Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years.

Prevalence and Temporal Trends of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Fills During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in Denmark.

Background And Objectives: Females of reproductive age are increasingly using attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication, but its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of ADHD medication fills during pregnancy and breastfeeding, including characteristics of these females and cohort differences over time.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive study using Danish nationwide registers.

Explainable AI associates ECG aging effects with increased cardiovascular risk in a longitudinal population study.

Aging affects the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and correlates with cardiovascular disease (CVD). AI-ECG models estimate aging effects as a novel biomarker but have only been evaluated on single ECGs-without utilizing longitudinal data. We validated an AI-ECG model, originally trained on Brazilian data, using a German cohort with over 20 years of follow-up, demonstrating similar performance (r = 0.

A pilot study comparing three-dimensional models of tumor histopathology and magnetic resonance imaging.

Three-dimensional (3D) modeling is often used to provide better visual understanding. This has become an everyday tool especially in medical imaging. However, modeling soft tissue histopathology in 3D is in its early stages, thus making 3D comparison between radiology and histopathology difficult.

Assessing the impact of energy coaching with smart technology interventions to alleviate energy poverty.

Energy poverty affects 550,000 homes in the Netherlands yet policy interventions to alleviate this issue are rare. Therefore, we test two energy coaching interventions in Amsterdam: a static information group (n = 67) which received energy efficient products and one energy-use report, and a smart information group (n = 50), which also had a display providing real-time feedback on energy-use. Results across both groups, show a 75% success rate for alleviating energy poverty.

Revealing an unexpectedly low electron injection threshold via reinforced shock acceleration.

Collisionless shock waves, found in supernova remnants, interstellar, stellar, and planetary environments, and laboratories, are one of nature's most powerful particle accelerators. This study combines in situ satellite measurements with recent theoretical developments to establish a reinforced shock acceleration model for relativistic electrons. Our model incorporates transient structures, wave-particle interactions, and variable stellar wind conditions, operating collectively in a multiscale set of processes.

Absence of MCJ/DnaJC15 promotes brown adipose tissue thermogenesis.

Obesity poses a global health challenge, demanding a deeper understanding of adipose tissue (AT) and its mitochondria. This study describes the role of the mitochondrial protein Methylation-controlled J protein (MCJ/DnaJC15) in orchestrating brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Here we show how MCJ expression decreases during obesity, as evident in human and mouse adipose tissue samples.

Occupational noise exposure and maternal pregnancy complications: register-based cohort from urban areas in four Nordic countries.

Objective: To assess the role of occupational noise exposure on pregnancy complications in urban Nordic populations.

Methods: A study population covering five metropolitan areas in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden was generated using national birth registries linked with occupational and residential environmental exposures and sociodemographic variables. The data covered all pregnancies during 5-11 year periods in 2004‒2016, resulting in 373 184 pregnancies.

[Recommendations for clinical practice: Prevention and management of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection during pregnancy and the perinatal period (extended version)].

The Société de Pathologie Infectieuse de Langue Française released in 2024 a new national recommendation for clinical practice on the prevention and management of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection during pregnancy and the perinatal period. The previous recommendation was issued in 1998, at a time of anti-VZV immunoglobulins shortage; it has hence become obsolete. This recommendation is a formalized expert consensus focusing on infectious diseases management; it is drawn up by a multidisciplinary working group (infectiologists, obstetricians, pediatricians, microbiologists, midwives, hygienists).

Long-Term Success and Survival of Post-Endodontic Restorations Without Posts After up to18 Years: A Practice-Based Study.

Objectives: The aim of this non-interventional, multi-center, prospective, practice-based study was, firstly, to evaluate the longevity of composite build-ups in endodontically treated teeth, treated with root canal therapy (ETT), without post placement and secondly, to identify and analyze factors influencing the success of these reconstructions.

Methods: Each of seven general dental practitioners placed up to 50 composite build-ups without additional posts in ETT. Teeth were restricted to incisors, canines and premolars.

Design, evaluation, and in vitro-in vivo correlation of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems to improve the oral absorption of exenatide.

The ability to predict the absorption of exenatide (Ex), a GLP-1 analogue, after oral dosing to rats in self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS), using in vitro methods, was assessed. Ex was complexed with soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) prior to loading into SNEDDS. A design of experiments (DoE) approach was employed to develop SNEDDS incorporating medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), medium-chain mono- and diglycerides (MGDG), Kolliphor® RH40, and monoacyl phosphatidylcholine.

Neo-adjuvant FOLFOX with and without panitumumab for patients with KRAS-wt locally advanced colon cancer: results following an extended biomarker panel on the FOxTROT Trial embedded phase II population.

Background: The FOxTROT trial has reported advantages of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in locally advanced colon cancer (LACC). Here we present results of the embedded randomized phase II trial testing the addition of panitumumab to neoadjuvant FOLFOX compared with FOLFOX alone in RAS and BRAF-wild-type patients and with biomarker hyperselction.

Patients And Methods: Patients had operable, CT-predicted stage T3-4, N0-2, M0 colon adenocarcinoma.