Constraining safe and unsafe overshoots in saddle-node bifurcations.

We consider a dynamical system undergoing a saddle-node bifurcation with an explicitly time-dependent parameter p(t). The combined dynamics can be considered a dynamical system where p is a slowly evolving parameter. Here, we investigate settings where the parameter features an overshoot.

The Perspective of Brief Admission Users on Health-Promoting Behaviors Based on Pender's Model - A Directed Content Analysis.

Patient-Initiated Brief Admission (PIBA) is perceived as a constructive intervention. It remains uncertain whether PIBA contributes to healthier behaviors among its users. To comprehend patients' motivation to engage in health-promoting behaviors, it is essential to understand how various nursing interventions influence the behavior-specific thoughts and feelings that lead to healthy behaviors.

Perspectives on Swedish Regulations for Online Record Access Among Adolescents With Serious Health Issues and Their Parents: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: With the increasing implementation of patient online record access (ORA), various approaches to access to minors' electronic health records have been adopted globally. In Sweden, the current regulatory framework restricts ORA for minors and their guardians when the minor is aged between 13 and 15 years. Families of adolescents with complex health care needs often desire health information to manage their child's care and involve them in their care.

Effectiveness of Video Teletherapy in Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents With Exposure and Response Prevention: Retrospective Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: An effective primary treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents as well as adults is exposure and response prevention (ERP), a form of intervention in the context of cognitive-behavioral therapy. Despite strong evidence supporting the efficacy and effectiveness of ERP from studies in research and real-world settings, its clinical use remains limited. This underuse is often attributed to access barriers such as the scarcity of properly trained therapists, geographical constraints, and costs.

An Artificial Intelligence Model Using Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging Metrics Accurately Predicts Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Conventional prostate magnetic resonance imaging has limited accuracy for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). We performed diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) prior to biopsy and applied artificial intelligence models to these DBSI metrics to predict csPCa.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2020 and March 2024, 241 patients underwent prostate MRI that included conventional and DBSI-specific sequences prior to prostate biopsy.

Automating the practice of science: Opportunities, challenges, and implications.

Automation transformed various aspects of our human civilization, revolutionizing industries and streamlining processes. In the domain of scientific inquiry, automated approaches emerged as powerful tools, holding promise for accelerating discovery, enhancing reproducibility, and overcoming the traditional impediments to scientific progress. This article evaluates the scope of automation within scientific practice and assesses recent approaches.

Environmental variability across space and time drives the recolonization pattern of a historically persecuted large carnivore.

Wildlife populations are not static. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect individuals, which lead to spatiotemporal variation in population density and range. Yet, dynamics in density and their drivers are rarely documented, due in part to the inherent difficulty of studying long-term population-level phenomena at ecologically meaningful scales.

Prediction of hip fracture by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in older Swedish women.

The socioeconomic burden of hip fractures, the most severe osteoporotic fracture outcome, is increasing and the current clinical risk assessment lacks sensitivity. This study aimed to develop a method for improved prediction of hip fracture by incorporating measurements of bone microstructure and composition derived from high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). In a prospective cohort study of 3028 community-dwelling women aged 75 to 80, all participants answered questionnaires and underwent baseline examinations of anthropometrics and bone by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and HR-pQCT.

Depolarized Forward Light Scattering for Subnanometer Precision in Biomolecular Layer Analysis on Gold Nanorods.

Functional gold nanoparticles have emerged as a cornerstone in targeted drug delivery, imaging, and biosensing. Their stability, distribution, and overall performance in biological systems are largely determined by their interactions with molecules in biological fluids as well as the biomolecular layers they acquire in complex environments. However, real-time tracking of how biomolecules attach to colloidal nanoparticles, a critical aspect for optimizing nanoparticle function, has proven to be experimentally challenging.

Highly Optimized CNS Penetrant Inhibitors of EGFR Exon20 Insertion Mutations.

Despite recent advances in the inhibition of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), there remains a clinical need for new EGFR Exon20 insertion (Ex20Ins) inhibitors that spare EGFR WT. Herein, we report the discovery and optimization of two chemical series leading to ether and biaryl as potent, selective, and brain-penetrant inhibitors of Ex20Ins mutants. Building on our earlier discovery of alkyne which allowed access to CNS property space for an Ex20Ins inhibitor, we utilized structure-based design to move to lower lipophilicity and lower CL compounds while maintaining a WT selectivity margin.

Depression in adolescence and the understanding of health-A phenomenographic study.

Health is multifaceted, with divergent interpretations in diverse cultures and groups of individuals. The ways individuals understand health might aid in developing future interventions. There is scant knowledge on how adolescents with depression conceptualise health.

An Intersectional Perspective on Digital health: Longitudinal Narratives and Observations with Older and Middle-Aged Women Experiencing Homelessness.

Background And Objectives: People experiencing homelessness and older people experience barriers as health and social care services are increasingly delivered online, however, there is limited knowledge about how this relates to older and middle-aged women experiencing homelessness, especially those from minoritized and/or migrant communities. We aimed to explore how technology, including digital health, can help or hinder older and middle-aged women to navigate paths through and out of homelessness.

Research Design And Methods: This 16-month qualitative longitudinal study utilized narrative interviews and participant observations with seven older and two middle-aged women experiencing homelessness, in London, England.

On the origin of an insular hybrid butterfly lineage.

A new species can form through hybridization between species. Hybrid speciation in animals has been intensely debated, partly because hard evidence for the process has been difficult to obtain. Here we report the discovery of a European hybrid butterfly lineage, a finding that can be considered surprising given the intense and long-term study of European butterflies.

Influence of lung function on macro- and micro-structural brain changes in mid- and late-life.

Introduction: Lung function has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia, but the extent to which lung function impacts brain structural changes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of lung function with structural macro- and micro-brain changes across mid- and late-life.

Methods: The study included a total of 37 164 neurologic disorder-free participants aged 40-70 years from the UK Biobank, who underwent brain MRI scans 9 years after baseline.

Evaluation of nationwide analysis surveillance for methicillin-resistant within Genomic Medicine Sweden.

National epidemiological investigations of microbial infections greatly benefit from the increased information gained by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in combination with standardized approaches for data sharing and analysis. To evaluate the quality and accuracy of WGS data generated by different laboratories but analysed by joint pipelines to reach a national surveillance approach. A national methicillin-resistant (MRSA) collection of 20 strains was distributed to nine participating laboratories that performed in-house procedures for WGS.

Assessment of simulation training efficacy in improving microsurgical skills: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Microsurgery demands an intensive period of skill acquisition due to its inherent complexity. The development and implementation of innovative training methods are essential for enhancing microsurgical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a simulation training program on the clinical results of fingertip replantation surgeries.

Termination of Resuscitation Rules for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Importance: There are no validated decision rules for terminating resuscitation during in-hospital cardiac arrest. Decision rules may guide termination and prevent inappropriate early termination of resuscitation.

Objective: To develop and validate termination of resuscitation rules for in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Host Plant Odour and Sex Pheromone are Integral to Mate Finding in Codling Moth.

The great diversity of specialist plant-feeding insects suggests that host plant shifts may initiate speciation, even without geographic barriers. Pheromones and kairomones mediate sexual communication and host choice, and the response to these behaviour-modifying chemicals is under sexual and natural selection, respectively. The concept that the interaction of mate signals and habitat cues facilitates reproductive isolation and ecological speciation is well established, while the traits and the underlying sensory mechanisms remain unknown.

When Are Single Reader Evaluations Insufficient in Teledermoscopic Assessments? Analyses of a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Teledermoscopy (TDS) emerges as an efficient tool for diagnosing skin lesions. In Sweden, double reading is the standard of care, but risk factors for misdiagnosis or mismanagement using single reader evaluations (SRE) are not well-studied. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of SRE compared with the gold standard in TDS.

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Pancreatic Disease-A Population-Based Nationwide Cohort and Sibling-Controlled Study.

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been linked to pancreatic diseases, but evidence from population-based studies with liver histology is lacking.

Aims And Methods: In this population-based cohort including all Swedish adults (n = 8563) with biopsy-proven MASLD, we aimed to investigate incidences of pancreatic diseases compared with matched reference individuals from the general population (n = 38,858) and full siblings (n = 6696). Using Cox proportional hazard models, we calculated multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and confidence intervals (CIs).

Use of full-thickness mesh grafts and full-thickness meek micrografts in five horses with ear skin defects caused by trauma or neoplasm resection.

Objectives: To report the management and outcomes of five horses with ear skin defects treated with the use of full-thickness mesh grafts and full-thickness Meek micrografts.

Animals: Five horses with acute or granulating pinna skin wounds.

Study Design: Short case series.

Platelet Concentration Explains Variability in Outcomes of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Lateral Epicondylitis: A High Dose Is Critical for a Positive Response: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis With Meta-regression.

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the management of lateral epicondylitis (LE) have been characterized by substantial variability in reported outcomes. The source of this heterogeneity is uncertain.

Purpose: To determine the effect of estimated platelet concentration on the efficacy of PRP for the management of LE.

Short-term mentalization-based therapy for common childhood mental disorders - a pilot quasi-randomised controlled trial.

Internalizing and externalizing psychiatric disorders among children are common and debilitating, affecting family interactions, learning and peer relations. The aim of the present quasi-randomised pilot-study was to investigate preliminary effects of a mentalization-based time-limited treatment (MBT-C) for children with mixed psychiatric disorders. The trial comprised 17 children, aged 4-11 with mixed disorders, and their parents, admitted to an outpatient psychotherapy clinic.

Probing the Influence of the Protein Scaffold on H-Cluster Reactivity via Gain-of-Function Studies─Improved H Evolution and O Tolerance through Rational Design of [FeFe] Hydrogenase.

[FeFe] hydrogenases make up a structurally diverse family of metalloenzymes that catalyze proton/dihydrogen interconversion. They can be classified into phylogenetically distinct groups denoted A-G, which differ in structure and reactivity. Prototypical Group A hydrogenases have high turnover rates and remarkable energy efficiency.