Molecular docking to investigate HLA-associated idiosyncratic drug reactions.

Idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs) pose severe threats to patient health. Unlike conventionally dose-dependent side effects, they are unpredictable and frequently manifest as life-threatening conditions, such as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Some HLA alleles, such as , , and , are known risk factors for adverse reactions induced by multiple drugs.

Endovascular therapy for iatrogenic occlusion of the popliteal artery after complex total knee arthroplasty: A case report.

Iatrogenic arterial injury is an infrequent but limb-threatening complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Open surgical reconstruction may not always be feasible or optimal, particularly in patients who have recently just undergone complex TKA procedures. In this report, we describe the treatment of a patient who developed popliteal artery occlusion following a complex TKA procedure performed the previous day.

Modifiable risk factors and symptom progression in dementia over up to 8 years-Results of the DelpHi-MV trial.

Introduction: This study investigated the association between modifiable factors and symptom progression in dementia over up to 8 years.

Methods: Multilevel growth curve models assessed the role of modifiable risk factors (low education, hearing impairment and its treatment, depression, physical inactivity, diabetes and its treatment, smoking, hypertension and its treatment, obesity, alcohol consumption, social isolation, and visual impairment) on cognitive and functional trajectories in 353 people with dementia.

Results: Higher education was associated with higher initial cognitive status but faster decline.

Facile one-pot reduction of β-nitrostyrenes to phenethylamines using sodium borohydride and copper(II) chloride.

Phenethylamines and phenylisopropylamines of scientific relevance can be prepared with a NaBH/CuCl system in 10 to 30 minutes via reduction of substituted β-nitrostyrenes. This one-pot procedure allows the quick isolation of substituted β-nitrostyrene scaffolds with 62-83% yield under mild conditions, without the need for special precautions, inert atmosphere, and time-consuming purification techniques.

Robustness of machine learning predictions for Fe-Co-Ni alloys prepared by various synthesis methods.

Developing high-performance alloys is essential for applications in advanced electromagnetic energy conversion devices. In this study, we assess Fe-Co-Ni alloy compositions identified in our previous work through a machine learning (ML) framework, which used both multi-property ML models and multi-objective Bayesian optimization to design compositions with predicted high values of saturation magnetization, Curie temperature, and Vickers hardness. Experimental validation was conducted on two promising compositions synthesized using three different methods: arc melting, ball milling followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS), and chemical synthesis followed by SPS.

Ablation of PI3Kγ in neurons protects mice from diet-induced obesity MASLD and insulin resistance.

Mice with genetic ablation of PI3Kγ are protected from diet-induced obesity. However, the cell type responsible for PI3Kγ action in obesity remains unknown. We generated mice with conditional deletion of PI3Kγ in neurons using the nestin promoter to drive the expression of the Cre recombinase (PI3Kγ mice) and investigated their metabolic phenotype in a model of diet-induced obesity.

Cumulative blood pressure load and cognitive decline in older adults: An observational analysis of two large cohorts.

Introduction: Cumulative blood pressure metrics may provide greater precision for measuring temporal risk exposure, especially in later life where data are mixed regarding associations of high blood pressure (BP) on cognitive function. We examined the relationship between greater cumulative exposure to high BP in later life and several domains of cognitive function.

Methods: Individual cognitive assessment scores and BP measurements in older adults (age ≥70 years) at baseline and over approximately 8 years of follow-up were available in the population-based Canadian Victoria Longitudinal Study (VLS) and Swedish Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (H70).

Remote monitoring of patients with COPD disease using a tablet system: a randomised crossover study of quality-of-life measurements.

Background: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has been evaluated in COPD, but with varying results. We aimed to evaluate whether a tablet system that monitors disease-related parameters in patients with COPD could influence physical and mental health-related quality of life, compared with usual care (UC).

Methods: 70 patients with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) group D COPD (61% women, aged 71±8 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted 41±13%, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) 19±7 points) were recruited at the COPD centre in Gothenburg, Sweden, and randomised to a tablet-based RPM system or UC for a 26-week period, after which they crossed over to the alternative management for another 26 weeks.

Exploring the impact of age on the predictive power of the National Early Warning score (NEWS) 2, and long-term prognosis among patients reviewed by a Rapid Response Team: A prospective, multi-centre study.

Aim: To explore the impact of age on the discriminative ability of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2 in prediction of unanticipated Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and mortality within 24 hours of Rapid Response Team (RRT) review. Furthermore, to investigate 30- and 90-day mortality, and the discriminative ability of NEWS 2 in prediction of long-term mortality among RRT-reviewed patients.

Methods: Prospective, multi-centre study based on 830 complete cases.

Octaethyl vs Tetrabenzo Functionalized Ru Porphyrins on Ag(111): Molecular Conformation, Self-Assembly and Electronic Structure.

Metalloporphyrins on interfaces offer a rich playground for functional materials and hence have been subjected to intense scrutiny over the past decades. As the same porphyrin macrocycle on the same surface may exhibit vastly different physicochemical properties depending on the metal center and its substituents, it is vital to have a thorough structural and chemical characterization of such systems. Here, we explore the distinctions arising from coverage and macrocycle substituents on the closely related ruthenium octaethyl porphyrin and ruthenium tetrabenzo porphyrin on Ag(111).

"If children don't feel safe, they won't come back": A qualitative exploration of parents' perceptions of health coordinators in a family-based programme in socially disadvantaged communities.

Background: Families residing in disadvantaged communities encounter inequalities that restrict their engagement in physical activity. Family-based interventions and health coordinators have been proposed as promising approaches to encourage physical activity among parents and children. However, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding family experiences of such programmes and the ways health coordinators facilitate continued participation in programmes delivered in disadvantaged communities.

Standardizing decellularization protocols for optimized uterine tissue bioengineering.

Bioengineering is applied in different areas, including women's infertility management. Among other approaches, decellularized tissues are being used to treat uterine disorders causing infertility. Biomaterials made from decellularized tissue consist of tissue-specific extracellular matrix and, as acellular scaffolds, are thought to be immune inert.

Shaping Treatment Expectation to Optimize Efficacy of Interleukin 17A Antagonist Secukinumab in Psoriasis Patients.

Purpose: Patients' treatment expectations significantly influence the effectiveness of medical and pharmacological treatments. This clinical proof-of-concept study aimed to enhance treatment outcomes by targeting positive treatment expectations of psoriasis patients beginning systemic anti-psoriatic therapy with secukinumab, an interleukin (IL)-17A antagonist.

Patients And Methods: We randomly assigned patients to three groups: a treatment as usual (TAU) group receiving the standard 300mg dose of secukinumab, a dose-control (DC) group with 75% dose reduction and an experimental (EXP) group receiving the same reduced dose along with a "cover story" designed to positively influence treatment expectations.

High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior of Superheater Materials at 600 °C: Insights from Laboratory and Field Exposures.

Combustion of biomass and waste results in release of corrosive species, such as alkali chlorides and water vapor, which accelerate the corrosion of superheaters in the boiler. To improve our understanding of alkali-induced corrosion, long-term corrosion investigations are needed. This study utilizes a systematic approach based on long-term corrosion studies (up to 8000 h) in a well-controlled laboratory environment to understand the corrosion behavior and protectiveness of oxide scales formed on a FeCr alloy (marginal chromia former) and three overlay weld coating systems (lean FeCrAl, FeCrAl, and Ni-based alloy) in a KCl-rich environment at 600 °C.

Gastric cancer in Ukraine: epidemiologic data and its nosological structure between 2003 and 2020.

Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the world's leading causes of death due to oncological diseases. Gastric cancer comprises a diverse group of diseases that includes several oncological units.

Aim: To analyse the nosological structure of epidemiological data related to gastric cancer in Ukraine and compare it with global trends from 2003 to 2020.

Targeting the Type I Interferon Pathway in Glomerular Kidney Disease: Rationale and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Type I interferons (IFNs) are immunostimulatory molecules that can activate the innate and adaptive immune systems. In cases of immune dysfunction, prolonged activation of the type I IFN pathway has been correlated with kidney tissue damage in a wide range of kidney disorders, such as lupus nephritis (LN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Genetic mutations, such as risk variants in conjunction with elevated type I IFN expression, are also associated with higher rates of chronic kidney disease in patients with LN and collapsing FSGS.

Association Between Maternal Smoking, Isolated Proteinuria During Pregnancy and Preterm Birth: A Finnish Registry Analysis.

Introduction: Smoking during pregnancy (SDP) seems to paradoxically decrease the likelihood of preeclampsia. We aimed to investigate the association between smoking and isolated proteinuria during pregnancy. In addition, we investigated the associations and potential interaction between smoking and proteinuria on the risk for preterm birth.

Long-term Outcomes of Lupus Nephritis in Comparison to Other CKD Etiologies.

Introduction: Little is known regarding the comparison of cardiovascular and kidney outcomes between lupus nephritis (LN) and other etiologies of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: Using data from the Swedish Renal Registry (2006-2021), we compared long-term outcomes between patients with LN-CKD and patients with CKD due to primary glomerular diseases (PGD) and other CKD causes (Other-CKD, mainly diabetes and nephroangiosclerosis). Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and kidney replacement therapy (KRT) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models.

Excess cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents initiating antipsychotic treatment compared to young adults: results from a nationwide cohort study.

Antipsychotic treatment is associated with cardiometabolic risks that may be especially detrimental to children and adolescents. In this Danish population-based cohort study, we included individuals with psychiatric diagnoses who initiated antipsychotics in 2000-2021 at age 6-31 years. We assessed the risk of cardiometabolic adverse events up to 10 years following incident exposure to antipsychotics, compared to age- and sex-matched unexposed individuals with psychiatric diagnoses.