Printed subthreshold organic transistors operating at high gain and ultralow power.

Overcoming the trade-offs among power consumption, fabrication cost, and signal amplification has been a long-standing issue for wearable electronics. We report a high-gain, fully inkjet-printed Schottky barrier organic thin-film transistor amplifier circuit. The transistor signal amplification efficiency is 38.

Toward High Areal Energy and Power Density Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries via Optimized 3D Printing Approach.

High-energy and high-power-density lithium-ion batteries are promising energy storage systems for future portable electronics and electric vehicles. Here, three-dimensional (3D) patterned electrodes are created through the paste-extrusion-based 3D printing technique realizing a trade-off between high energy density and power density. The 3D electrodes possess several distinct merits over traditional flat thick electrodes, such as higher surface area, shorter ion transport path, and improved mechanical strength.

Technology Evolution of China's Export of Renewable Energy Products.

With the increasing scarcity of traditional energy sources, global warming and environmental degradation, the increased use of renewable energy (RE) has become an effective path for sustainable development. Therefore, countries are paying more and more attention to the development of the RE industry, and the world trade in renewable energy products (REPs) is developing rapidly. First of all, this paper defines REPs, refines the scope of REPs, and proposes the "Equalization Technology Classification" method for the technology classification of REPs.

A Novel Architecture for Carbon Nanotube Membranes towards Fast and Efficient Oil/water Separation.

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are robust and proven as promising building blocks for oil/water separating membranes. However, according to classic fluid dynamic theory, achieving high permeation flux without sacrificing other membrane properties is a formidable challenge for CNT membranes, because of the trade-off nature among key membrane parameters. Herein, to relieve the trade-off between permeation fluxes, oil rejection rate, and membrane thickness, we present a new concept to engineer CNT membranes with a three-dimensional (3D) architecture.

Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb.

Background: Euryale ferox Salisb., an annual aquatic plant, is the only species in the genus Euryale in the Nymphaeaceae. Seeds of E.

Pb-Sn-Cu Ternary Organometallic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells.

Exploiting organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with reduced Pb content is very important for developing environment-friendly photovoltaics. Utilizing of Pb-Sn alloying perovskite is considered as an efficient route to reduce the risk of ecosystem pollution. However, the trade-off between device performance and Sn substitution ratio due to the instability of Sn is a current dilemma.

Biofuel production with a stress-resistant and growth phase-independent promoter: mechanism revealed by in vitro transcription assays.

The carbon and energy needed for bioconversion processes face trade-offs between cell reproduction and chemical synthesis. In most processes, microbial cells containing overexpressed pathway enzymes were accumulated in exponential phase before the productions of value-added chemicals dominate the carbon and energy fluxes in stationary phase. The pathway enzymes need to be continuously supplied to compensate their degradation, but the promoters driving their overexpressions are downregulated under stationary phase or stressed conditions.

In situ wrapping of the cathode material in lithium-sulfur batteries.

While lithium-sulfur batteries are poised to be the next-generation high-density energy storage devices, the intrinsic polysulfide shuttle has limited their practical applications. Many recent investigations have focused on the development of methods to wrap the sulfur material with a diffusion barrier layer. However, there is a trade-off between a perfect preassembled wrapping layer and electrolyte infiltration into the wrapped sulfur cathode.

Light Manipulation in Organic Photovoltaics.

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) hold great promise for next-generation photovoltaics in renewable energy because of the potential to realize low-cost mass production via large-area roll-to-roll printing technologies on flexible substrates. To achieve high-efficiency OPVs, one key issue is to overcome the insufficient photon absorption in organic photoactive layers, since their low carrier mobility limits the film thickness for minimized charge recombination loss. To solve the inherent trade-off between photon absorption and charge transport in OPVs, the optical manipulation of light with novel micro/nano-structures has become an increasingly popular strategy to boost the light harvesting efficiency.

Parallel Analysis of 124 Universal SNPs for Human Identification by Targeted Semiconductor Sequencing.

SNPs, abundant in human genome with lower mutation rate, are attractive to genetic application like forensic, anthropological and evolutionary studies. Universal SNPs showing little allelic frequency variation among populations while remaining highly informative for human identification were obtained from previous studies. However, genotyping tools target only dozens of markers simultaneously, limiting their applications.

Progress toward universal health coverage in ASEAN.

Background: The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is characterized by much diversity in terms of geography, society, economic development, and health outcomes. The health systems as well as healthcare structure and provisions vary considerably. Consequently, the progress toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in these countries also varies.

Structure and properties of cotton fabrics treated with functionalized dialdehyde chitosan.

In this research, modified cotton fabrics were prepared by pad-dry-cure technique from the aldehyde chitosan solution containing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and 1,2-ethanediamine (EDA) respectively. The structural characterization of the modified cotton fabrics was performed by attenuated total reflection ATR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetry (TG) analysis and physical mechanical properties were measured. The adsorption kinetics of modified cotton fabrics were also investigated by using the pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic model.

A model of two-way selection system for human behavior.

Two-way selection is a common phenomenon in nature and society. It appears in the processes like choosing a mate between men and women, making contracts between job hunters and recruiters, and trading between buyers and sellers. In this paper, we propose a model of two-way selection system, and present its analytical solution for the expectation of successful matching total and the regular pattern that the matching rate trends toward an inverse proportion to either the ratio between the two sides or the ratio of the state total to the smaller group's people number.

Polarized GaN-based LED with an integrated multi-layer subwavelength structure.

A novel type of GaN-based LED with a highly polarized output using an integrated multi-layer subwavelength grating structure is proposed. Characteristics of both optical transmission and polarization extinction ratio of the polarized GaN-based LED with three different multi-layer subwavelength structures are investigated. It is found that both TM transmission (T(TM)) and the extinction ratio(ER) of the LED output can be effectively enhanced by incorporating a dielectric transition layer between the metal grating and GaN substrate with a lower refractive index than that of the GaN substrate.

A hybridized photocatalysis-microfiltration system with iron oxide-coated membranes for the removal of natural organic matter in water treatment: effects of iron oxide layers and colloids.

A photocatalysis/microfiltration (MF) hybrid system, with the coating of a membrane using iron oxide particles (IOPs), was investigated with respect to natural organic matter (NOM) removal and membrane permeability during the treatment of various surface waters. A comparison of the performance between bare (uncoated) and IOP-coated membranes employed for the photocatalytic hybrid system was made. Due to the additional adsorption of NOM onto IOPs on the membrane surface, the IOP-coated membrane system always achieved greater DOC removal efficiencies during photocatalysis/MF.