Preoperative and pre-chemotherapy CA-125 levels in high-risk early-stage ovarian cancer - An NRG/GOG study.

Objectives: To determine clinical significance of preoperative and pre-chemotherapy CA-125 in high-risk early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

Methods: All patients with stage IA/IB and grade 3, stage IC, clear cell, or completed resected stage II cancer were enrolled in a phase III trial and treated with chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used for statistical analyses.

Underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minority groups in gynecologic oncology: An analysis of over 250 trials.

Objective: To describe the participation of racial and ethnic minority groups (REMGs) in gynecologic oncology trials.

Methods: Gynecologic oncology studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov between 2007 and 2020 were identified.

The association of obesity with type I uterine cancer-is this an oversimplification?

Objective:: Endometrial cancer (EC) is increasing in incidence and mortality rates, possibly due to the rising rates of obesity in the United States. The type I/II EC classification system was first proposed by Bokhman in 1983 following 20 years of personal observations among 366 women and established obesity as a classical risk factor for low-grade EC with a good prognosis. However, more recent pooled analyses suggest that the 2 types share many etiologic risk factors, including obesity.

Prevalence of Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection by Number of Vaccine Doses Among US Adults.

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is effective at reducing the incidence of cervical cancer caused by HPV. Studies have shown that 1 dose of the HPV vaccine offers comparable protection against genital HPV infection as additional doses; however, it is unknown whether oral HPV prevalence also differs by number of vaccine doses. We examined differences in prevalence of oral HPV by number of doses using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2016.

Symptoms of Women With High-Risk Early-Stage Ovarian Cancer.

Objective: To assess the presentation, characteristics, and prognostic significance of symptoms in patients with high-risk early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients enrolled in a phase III clinical trial (GOG 157). All patients had surgically staged, high-risk early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (stage IA-IB and grade 3, any clear cell, stage IC or II).

The Healthcare Journey of Women With Advanced Gynecological Cancer From Diagnosis Through Terminal Illness: Qualitative Analysis of Progress Note Data.

Objective: To examine women's journeys with gynecologic cancer from before diagnosis through death and identify elements of their healthcare experience that warrant improvement.

Methods: This exploratory study used longitudinal progress notes data from a multispecialty practice in Northern California. The sample included women with stage IV gynecological cancer diagnosed after 2011 and who died before 2018.

Income, inflammation and cancer mortality: a study of U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey mortality follow-up cohorts.

Background: To estimate the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and cancer mortality in a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population while controlling for education, occupation, and income.

Trends in the Utilization of Palliative Care in Patients With Gynecologic Cancer Who Subsequently Died During Hospitalization.

Objective: To determine factors associated with the utilization of palliative care (PC) in patients with metastatic gynecologic cancer who died while hospitalized.

Methods: Data were abstracted from the National Inpatient Sample database for patients with cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancers from 2005 to 2011. Chi-squared and logistic regression models were used for statistical analyses.

Long-term durable responses after pembrolizumab immunotherapy for recurrent, resistant endometrial cancer.

•Recurrent resistant uterine cancer patients have a poor prognosis with limited treatment options.•Pembrolizumab is a PD1-inhibitor that was recently FDA approved for MMR-deficient solid tumors, including uterine cancer.•Pembrolizumab can produce long-term durable response in resistant, refractory endometrial cancer with minimal side effects.

Anti-cancer therapy and clinical trial considerations for gynecologic oncology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has consumed considerable resources and has impacted the delivery of cancer care. Patients with cancer may have factors which place them at high risk for COVID 19 morbidity or mortality. Highly immunosuppressive chemotherapy regimens and possible exposure to COVID-19 during treatment may put patients at additional risk.

Secondary Surgical Cytoreduction for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Secondary surgical cytoreduction in women with platinum-sensitive, recurrent epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian-tube ("ovarian") cancer is widely practiced but has not been evaluated in phase 3 investigation.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who had received one previous therapy, had an interval during which no platinum-based chemotherapy was used (platinum-free interval) of 6 months or more, and had investigator-determined resectable disease (to no macroscopic residual disease) to undergo secondary surgical cytoreduction and then receive platinum-based chemotherapy or to receive platinum-based chemotherapy alone. Adjuvant chemotherapy (paclitaxel-carboplatin or gemcitabine-carboplatin) and use of bevacizumab were at the discretion of the investigator.

Hospital-acquired conditions after surgery for gynecologic cancer - An analysis of 82,304 patients.

Objective: To evaluate the hospital-acquired condition (HAC) following oophorectomy and/or hysterectomy for gynecologic cancer patients based on clinical outcomes and costs.

Materials And Methods: Data were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2005 to 2011. Chi-squared and Wilcoxon rank sum two-sample tests and multivariate logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis.

A phase II evaluation of sunitinib in the treatment of persistent or recurrent clear cell ovarian carcinoma: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (GOG-254).

Objectives: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of sunitinib in recurrent or persistent clear cell ovarian cancer patients.

Methods: All patients had one or two prior regimens with measurable disease. Tumors were at least 50% clear cell histomorphology and negative for WT-1 antigen and estrogen receptor expression by immunohistochemistry.

Disparities Associated With Inpatient Palliative Care Utilization by Patients With Metastatic Gynecologic Cancers: A Study of 3337 Women.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with inpatient palliative care (PC) use in patients with metastatic gynecologic cancer.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for patients with metastatic cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancers. Chi-square and multivariate models were used for statistical analyses.

Bevacizumab and paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy and secondary cytoreduction in recurrent, platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer (NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study GOG-0213): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy doublets are a standard of care for women with ovarian cancer recurring 6 months after completion of initial therapy. In this study, we aimed to explore the roles of secondary surgical cytoreduction and bevacizumab in this population, and report the results of the bevacizumab component here.

Methods: The multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 GOG-0213 trial was done in 67 predominantly academic centres in the USA (65 centres), Japan (one centre), and South Korea (one centre).

The association between timing of initiation of adjuvant therapy and the survival of early stage ovarian cancer patients - An analysis of NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group trials.

Objectives: To determine the association between timing of adjuvant therapy initiation and survival of early stage ovarian cancer patients.

Methods: Data were obtained from women who underwent primary surgical staging followed by adjuvant therapy from two Gynecologic Oncology Group trials (protocols # 95 and 157). Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for covariates were used for analyses.

The economic impact of surgical care for morbidly obese endometrial cancer patients: a nationwide study.

Background: Obesity significantly impacts the cost of cancer treatment, yet the impact of morbid obesity on inpatient hospital charges related to endometrial cancer treatment is not well-defined.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the charges that are associated with inpatient surgery, hospitalization, and postoperative care of morbidly obese patients with endometrial cancer.

Study Design: Data were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample from 2010.

Long-term survival advantage and prognostic factors associated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy treatment in advanced ovarian cancer: a gynecologic oncology group study.

Purpose: To determine long-term survival and associated prognostic factors after intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Patients And Methods: Data from Gynecologic Oncology Group protocols 114 and 172 were retrospectively analyzed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for statistical analyses.

Survival differences in women with serous tubal, ovarian, peritoneal, and uterine carcinomas.

Objective: The fallopian tube has been implicated as the primary origin of pelvic serous cancers. We proposed to determine the survival outcomes of serous tubal, ovarian, peritoneal, and uterine cancer patients.

Study Design: Data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute between 2004 and 2009.

Foreign- vs US-born Asians and the association of type I uterine cancer.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the association of type I endometrioid uterine cancer in US-born vs immigrant Asian women.

Study Design: Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program from 2001-2009. Chi-squared, Kaplan-Meier, and binomial logistic regression analyses were used for statistics.