Erratum: Author Correction: Deep learning versus human graders for classifying diabetic retinopathy severity in a nationwide screening program.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/s41746-019-0099-8.].

Deep learning versus human graders for classifying diabetic retinopathy severity in a nationwide screening program.

Deep learning algorithms have been used to detect diabetic retinopathy (DR) with specialist-level accuracy. This study aims to validate one such algorithm on a large-scale clinical population, and compare the algorithm performance with that of human graders. A total of 25,326 gradable retinal images of patients with diabetes from the community-based, nationwide screening program of DR in Thailand were analyzed for DR severity and referable diabetic macular edema (DME).

Prevalence and risk factors associated with tuberculosis disease in Suratthani Central Prison, Thailand.

Setting: A prison in Suratthani Province, South Thailand.

Objectives: To measure the prevalence of and identify the risk factors associated with tuberculosis (TB) disease among prison inmates.

Method: This was a cross-sectional surveillance study.

The performance of neck circumference and other airway assessment tests for the prediction of difficult intubation in obese parturients undergoing cesarean delivery.

Background: Pregnancy and obesity each increase the chance of difficult tracheal intubation. This study assessed the performance of the neck circumference and other bedside tests in predicting difficult intubation, and aimed to identify the optimal cutoff point of the test(s) with the highest performance.

Methods: Parturients with a body mass index ≥30kg/m, undergoing a cesarean delivery employing conventional tracheal intubation, were enrolled.

Congestive heart failure in children with pneumonia and respiratory failure.

Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is one of the most common cardiac complications of pneumonia in adulthood leading to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Little is known, however, of CHF and pneumonia in children. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the characteristics and factors associated with CHF in under-5 children with pneumonia and respiratory failure.

Assessing long-term QALYs gain from averting and reversing overweight and obesity in childhood.

Background: Interventions to tackle childhood obesity have been devised in response to the rising prevalence of childhood obesity. However, efficiency of these interventions remains a concern. Cost-utility analysis, representing health benefits in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), is a type of economic evaluation that has widely been recommended in assessing efficiency of health interventions.

An interarterial course of anomalous coronary artery and an alternative surgical option.

An interarterial course of anomalous left main coronary artery originating from the right aortic coronary sinus of valsalva is a rare condition among anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery. Various surgical options are available. We performed an alternative procedure, that is, mobilisation of the pulmonic root, pulmonary bifurcation, and plication of the pulmonic root adjacent to the left main coronary artery, in a 12-year-old boy.

Standard whipple's operation versus pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy: a randomized controlled trial study.

Objective: A single-institution randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the results of standard whipple operation (SW) with those of pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD).

Material And Method: Between January 2000 and December 2004, 27 patients with pancreatic or periampullary adenocarcinoma were enrolled into the study. All patients were randomly allocated to either a SW or a PPPD resection.

Comparison of hand-sewn and stapled in esophagogastric anastomosis after esophageal cancer resection: a prospective randomized study.

Objective: Compare the postoperative outcome of the hand-sewn method and the staple method of primary esophagogastric anastomosis after esophagectomy in patients with esophageal carcinoma. The study focused on leakage, stricture rates, operative time, blood loss, and complication.

Material And Method: A prospective randomized trial was undertaken in 117 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus who underwent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy.

Excursion index of the septum primum in Thai fetuses of gestational diabetic mothers at 32 to 35 weeks' gestation.

Objective: To compare excursion index of the septum primum (EISP) among Thai fetuses of gestational diabetic mothers (FGDMs) with and without septal hypertrophy (SH) and those of nondiabetic mothers from 32 to 35 weeks' gestation.

Material And Method: Fetuses of Thai pregnant women were recruited for prenatal 2-dimensional echocardiographic measurements of the EISP (the ratio between the linear displacement of the flap valve of septum primum and the left atrial diameter) at 32 to 35 weeks' gestation. All had confirmed gestational age and normal structural scanning.

Excursion index of the septum primum as a parameter for diastolic function assessment of Thai fetuses: at 32 to 35 weeks' gestation.

Objective: To establish the normal value of fetal diastolic function by the measurement of the excursion index of the septum primum (EISP) from 32 to 35 weeks' gestation in Thai fetuses.

Material And Method: Fetuses of normal Thai pregnant women were recruited for 2-dimensional echocardiographic measurements of the EISP (the ratio between the linear displacement of the flap valve and the left atrial diameter) from 32 to 35 weeks' gestation. All had a confirmed gestational age, normal structural scanning, and negative diabetic screening at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation.

Similarity of the allele frequency and linkage disequilibrium pattern of single nucleotide polymorphisms in drug-related gene loci between Thai and northern East Asian populations: implications for tagging SNP selection in Thais.

The similarity of the marker allele frequency and linkage disequilibrium structure between two populations are major factors for the determination of the transferability and efficiency of haplotype tagging SNP derived from one population to use for an indirect association study in another population. To prove the similarity between northern East Asian populations in Hapmap and Thais, 861 SNP in 166 drug-related genes shared between Thais, Han Chinese and Japanese were analyzed for their correlation statistics. Allele frequency, Fst statistics and linkage disequilibrium statistics (r (2)) showed a high correlation between these populations.

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia.

Two cases of traumatic abdominal wall hernia, produced by impaction of the motorcycle handlebars, are reported. The mechanism of injury, clinical and radiologic diagnosis are discussed. Because of the high incidence of other associated intraabdominal injuries, early exploration and repair through a midline incision is advocated.

Torsion of the gallbladder.

Torsion of the gallbladder is a surgical emergency that occurs predominantly in the elderly. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is difficult, and delay in cholycystectomy can result in a fatal outcome. Removal of the gallbladder before the onset of gangrene or rupture of the organ is the only effective treatment.

Splenic cystic lymphangiomatosis: an unusual cause of massive splenomegaly: report of a case.

A 29-year-old woman had a history of an upper quadrant abdominal mass for about 6 years. An ultrasound examination revealed splenomegaly containing several cysts. On exploratory laparotomy, multiple cysts were found in the spleen.