Clinical Evaluation of Faricimab in Real-World Diabetic Macular Edema in India- A Multicenter Observational Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of faricimab in real-world clinical settings in India for treating diabetic macular edema (DME) in treatment-naïve and recalcitrant eyes.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study involved 39 eyes (16 treatment-naive and 23 recalcitrant) treated with intravitreal faricimab at four centers in India. Patients received three monthly loading doses followed by a pro-re-nata regimen, with outcomes measured for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), and hyperreflective foci (HRF).

Salt Based or BaLanced SolUtion-Trends Existing in Indian Intensive Care Units: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SOLUTE Study).

Introduction: Fluid administration is a commonly practiced intervention in the intensive care unit (ICU) with normal saline being the preferred fluid. We sought to understand the current practice of fluid administration and choice of fluids in Indian ICUs and its effect on renal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM)-endorsed multicenter prospective observational study was conducted on practice of fluid administration in critically ill patients between May 1, 2020, and January 31, 2023.

Risk factors of gallbladder cancer in Nepal: A case control study.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare, highly fatal disease with diagnosis in advanced stage and low survival rate. Nepal ranked 4th position with highest rates of GBC for 10 countries in 2020.

Objective: To find the association between socio-demographic, behavioral and environmental factors associated with the development of GBC.

Palliative Care Needs in Adult Patients with Acute Leukemia: A Prospective Observational Study.

Acute leukemia (AL) affects patients' well-being and inflicts substantial symptom burden. We evaluated palliative care needs and symptom burden in adult patients with AL from diagnosis through fourth week of induction chemotherapy. Newly diagnosed adult patients with AL scheduled for curative-intent treatments, prospectively completed Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Leukemia questionnaire at diagnosis and postinduction therapy.

The Role of Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Tardive Dyskinesia: A Case Series.

Background: Despite efforts to visualize all the movements of tongue and oropharynx in individuals with focal movement disorders (specifically tardive dyskinesia (TD)), clinicians can miss the complete picture and additional tools may be required to reach an accurate diagnosis.

Cases: We present three cases with TD where ultrasound assisted in diagnoses. These individuals had difficulty swallowing and abnormal sensations in the tongue, which remained undiagnosed until we performed ultrasound of oropharynx which allowed for characterization of these movements.

Tirzepatide and Cancer Risk in Individuals with and without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Data on the carcinogenic potential of tirzepatide from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are limited. Furthermore, no meta-analysis has included all relevant RCTs to assess the cancer risk associated with tirzepatide.

Methods: RCTs involving patients receiving tirzepatide in the intervention arm and either a placebo or any active comparator in the control arm were searched through electronic databases.

Prevalence of Mutations in Patients With Resected Stage I to III Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of India Cohort.

Purpose: The spectrum of is inadequately researched in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in India. EARLY-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) India (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04742192), as part of a noninterventional, real-world global study, evaluated the prevalence of mutations in early-stage NSCLC in India.

Robot Assisted Cholecystectomy Using the BORNS Simphoni System.

Background And Objective: Robotic cholecystectomy has technical advantages of 3D visualization, enhanced instrument maneuverability, and increased precision. Less chance of conversion to open and biliary spillage. This study explores the utilization of the BORNS Simphoni Robotic System for robotic cholecystectomy.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Presence of Mamelons in Northeastern India.

Introduction Dental anthropology plays a pivotal role in human evolution and forensic sciences. This study explores a unique method for age estimation-analyzing mamelons on incisors. Mamelons are small projections on the incisal edge of permanent incisors, exhibiting age-related changes.

Dimensions of bony Kambin's triangle pertaining to endoscopic procedure.

Background: Endoscopic procedures nowadays are successful, minimally invasive, and safer, with fewer intraoperative and postoperative complications and shorter hospital stays. Kambin's triangle (KT) is the three-dimensional configuration that is used as a transforaminal anatomical corridor for epidural steroid injections and endoscopic surgeries for various lumbar pathologies. This study aims to estimate the dimensions of KT and diameter of the cannula for the transforaminal surgical approaches using KT in the Chhattisgarh population.

Cost-effectiveness of FRAX®-based intervention thresholds for management of osteoporosis in Indian women: a Markov microsimulation model analysis.

Unlabelled: A cost-effectiveness analysis of FRAX® intervention thresholds (ITs) in Indian women over 50 years indicated that generic alendronate was cost-effective for age-dependent major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) ITs and hip fracture (HF) ITs starting at ages 60 and 65 years for full and real-world adherence, respectively. Alendronate was cost-effective at fixed MOF IT of 14% and HF IT of 3.5%, regardless of age.

Pancreatic Safety of Tirzepatide and Its Effects on Islet Cell Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) regulate islet cell function. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been associated with an elevated risk of acute pancreatitis. Data on the pancreatic safety of tirzepatide (a dual GLP-1 and GIP agonist) and its effects on islet cell function in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are scarce.

House dust protein level of pigeon drooping and feather in environmental bird exposure-related hypersensitivity pneumonitis "A pilot study".

Background: Bird fancier's disease is a type of HP occurring due to exposure to bird's antigen. The diagnosis is quite difficult as it requires the identification of an inciting agent with findings of HRCT and lung biopsy. The exposure is usually done by history with antigen-specific IgG and/or specific inhalational challenge testing.

Optimal Use of Once-Weekly Basal Insulin Efsitora Alfa in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: No meta-analysis has holistically analyzed and summarized the efficacy and safety of the novel once-weekly basal insulin efsitora alfa in managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Clinical trials involving subjects with T1D and T2D receiving once-weekly efsitora alfa in the intervention arm and once-daily basal insulins in the control arm were searched throughout the electronic databases. The primary outcome assessed was the change from baseline in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Evaluation and management of neurological complications in acute liver failure.

Neurological complications in acute liver failure are the most common cause of mortality in this group of patients. Almost all neurologic complications arise from underlying increase in intracranial pressure in ALF. In addition to symptomatic management, the treatment relies on measures to bring down ICP.

Neo-aortic valve replacement in arterial switch operation in a 9-year-old child.

The surgical management of d-transposition of the great arteries (dTGA), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) poses intricate challenges, demanding tailored surgical interventions. This case report elucidates a patient involving a 9-year-old child with dTGA, VSD, and LVOTO with a dysplastic pulmonary valve with adequate annulus who underwent neo-aortic valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis, arterial switch, and VSD closure. The recovery of the patient was uneventful and follow-up echocardiogram and clinical evaluation at 18 months have remained satisfactory.

Utility of Keystone Flap in Armory of Dermatosurgeons.

Purpose And Background: To create awareness among dermatosurgeons about the versatility of keystone flaps in re-surfacing post-excisional small, medium and large skin defects.

Aims And Objectives: Single-staged tension-free re-surfacing of various sized skin defects using keystone flap and to have least donor site morbidity, primary healing and maximum functional outcome.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted, between October 2021 - January 2023 in Department of Plastic Surgery, PGIMS Rohtak, on 15 males and 1 female aged between 18 - 65 years.

Role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia.

Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) experience multiple episodes of hypoglycemia, resulting in dysfunctional counter-regulatory responses with time. The recent experimental study by Jin explored the role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia. They identified intestinal GLP-1 along with GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) as the new key players linked with impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic mice.

Efficacy and Safety of Cagrilintide Alone and in Combination with Semaglutide (Cagrisema) as Anti-Obesity Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

No meta-analysis has analysed role of cagrilintide as weight-loss medication in obese individuals. Electronic databases were searched for RCTs involving obese individuals receiving cagrilintide or cagrilintide-2.4 mg with semaglutide-2.

Colours of India: Uniting Endocrinologists in Fitness and Friendship.

Colours of India is an annual cultural phenomenon that transcends the boundaries of professional conferences, uniting endocrinologists through the universal language of music and dance. Since its inception in 2016, this vibrant event has brought together teams from across India and other participating countries, showcasing diverse dance forms while fostering friendships, promoting wellness, and celebrating cultural diversity within the medical community.

Once-Weekly Tirzepatide Versus Once-Daily Basal Insulin in Managing Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled With Oral anti-Hyperglycemic Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: No meta-analysis has been published comparing the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide vs once-daily basal insulins in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled with oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs. This meta-analysis was conducted to address this knowledge gap.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials involving subjects with T2D inadequately controlled with oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs and receiving tirzepatide in intervention arm and basal insulins in control arm as add-on therapy were searched throughout the electronic databases.