6,172 results match your criteria: "Suny Upstate Medical University[Affiliation]"

Esketamine, the isolated S-enantiomer of ketamine, has been a recent breakthrough as a non-monoaminergic treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This case report explores a rare adverse event in a 41-year-old female with TRD, who, despite experiencing significant depressive improvement with esketamine, encountered a severe dissociative episode accompanied by hallucinogenic-like phenomena. While esketamine's efficacy in TRD is well-documented, this pronounced dissociation should be taken into consideration by researchers and clinicians before prescribing.

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Background And Objectives: Accredited neurosurgery fellowship training is available in 10 subspecialties and can sometimes be completed during the postgraduate year (PGY)-7 residency year. However, it is not clear whether there are sufficient residency graduates to fill the number of positions available, and residency curriculum structure to support enfolded training is evolving.

Methods: Detailed information about the 117 accredited neurosurgery residency programs and the 282 accredited neurosurgery fellowships was obtained from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and Committee on Advanced Subspecialty Training, respectively.

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Mechanisms of amphibian arrestin 1 self-association and dynamic distribution in retinal photoreceptors.

J Biol Chem

December 2024

Center for Vision Research and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Visual arrestin 1 (Arr1) is crucial for stopping the light response in photoreceptors, and while its dimer and tetramer formations have been studied in mammals, similar research in amphibians is lacking.
  • In this study, the dimerization of Arr1 from two amphibian species, Xenopus laevis and Ambystoma tigrinum, revealed that both proteins primarily form dimers with similar dissociation constants (K) to mammalian Arr1.
  • Crystallography and other techniques identified two potential dimer structures for amphibian Arr1, suggesting that the interaction between dimer forms may influence their stability and that the distribution of Arr1 in dark-adapted photoreceptors is impacted by
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The microRNA profile of brain-derived extracellular vesicles: A promising step forward in developing pharmacodynamic biomarkers for psychiatric disorders.

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol

January 2025

Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have the potential to affect drug metabolism, and some drugs affect cellular miRNA expression. miRNAs are found inside extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the profile of these EV-miRNAs can change across different diseases and disease states. Consequently, in recent years EV-miRNAs have attracted increasing attention as possible non-invasive biomarkers.

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Polygenic and transcriptional risk scores identify chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subtypes in the COPDGene and ECLIPSE cohort studies.

EBioMedicine

December 2024

Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Genetic variants and gene expression predict risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but their effect on COPD heterogeneity is unclear. We aimed to define high-risk COPD subtypes using genetics (polygenic risk score, PRS) and blood gene expression (transcriptional risk score, TRS) and assess differences in clinical and molecular characteristics.

Methods: We defined high-risk groups based on PRS and TRS quantiles by maximising differences in protein biomarkers in a COPDGene training set and identified these groups in COPDGene and ECLIPSE test sets.

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Objective: We have updated the migraine prevention guideline of the Canadian Headache Society from 2012, as there are new therapies available, and additionally, we have provided guidelines for the prevention of chronic migraine, which was not addressed in the previous iteration.

Methods: We undertook a systematic review to identify new studies since the last guideline. For studies identified, we performed data extraction and subsequent meta-analyses where possible.

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Background: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is commonly associated with critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) and frailty. Yet there are no specific tools to predict outcomes of CLTI in ESKD, particularly those that incorporate frailty. We aimed to assess the utility of the medical record-based Hospital Frailty Risk (HFR) score in predicting outcomes of CLTI in ESKD.

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Objective: The goal of graduate medical education is for trainees to develop the competence needed to practice independently; however, some residents struggle to achieve competency and require remediation. Evidence around how to best facilitate remediation is lacking. The objective of this study was to understand best practices for remediation in pediatrics.

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Hand compartment syndrome is a rare condition due to trauma and vascular obstruction or injury, such as fluid extravasation, vascular obstruction, or arterial injury from arterial line insertion during anesthesia. However, perioperative hand compartment syndrome with no apparent preexisting cause during anesthesia that requires fasciotomy is extremely rare. We report a case on a 54-year-old male with history significant for stage IIIA moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum who was scheduled for ultralow rectal resection and cystourethroscopy with insertion of urethral stent.

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Introduction: Changing health care requires changing medical education. In this position paper it is suggested that subsequent innovations in medical education each had their specific strengths and shortcomings. What they have, however, in common is that they place the medical student and their competencies at their center.

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Background: Older adults may be less comfortable with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology or require additional education to support use. The Virtual Diabetes Specialty Clinic study provided the opportunity to understand glycemic outcomes and support needed for older versus younger adults living with diabetes and using CGM.

Methods: Prospective, virtual study of adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D, N = 160) or type 2 diabetes (T2D, N = 74) using basal-bolus insulin injections or insulin pump therapy.

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Brain connectivity arises from interactions across biophysical scales, ranging from molecular to cellular to anatomical to network level. To date, there has been little progress toward integrated analysis across these scales. To bridge this gap, from a unique cohort of 98 individuals, we collected antemortem neuroimaging and genetic data, as well as postmortem dendritic spine morphometric, proteomic and gene expression data from the superior frontal and inferior temporal gyri.

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Laryngectomy Margin Assessment: A Little Help From a Template.

Adv Anat Pathol

October 2024

Head and Neck Pathology Consultations, Woodland Hills, CA.

Laryngectomy margin assessment is an important part of patient care and can affect outcomes. There is no standard approach to grossing laryngectomy specimens, with variations in the published guidelines. A uniform approach to margin assessment may be helpful to improve patient care and future research.

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A phase 3 adaptive dose selection trial of NCX 470, a nitric oxide-donating bimatoprost for open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension: The MONT BLANC study.

Contemp Clin Trials

December 2024

Author Employee of Nicox Ophthalmics, Nicox Ophthalmics, Inc. 4819 Emperor Blvd. Suite 400 Durham, NC 27703, United States.

Purpose: To identify the optimal dose of NCX 470, a nitric oxide (NO)-donating bimatoprost, for comparison to latanoprost in a phase 3 trial for open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHTN) using an adaptive dose selection design.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective, multicenter trial, subjects were randomized 1:1:1 to NCX 470 0.065 %, NCX 470 0.

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Article Synopsis
  • Duplications of a specific region on the X chromosome known as Xq28,distal have been linked to schizophrenia (SCZ) and intellectual disability in both males and females, though the exact genes involved remain unclear.
  • This study aimed to explore rare genetic variants in the Xq28,distal locus and how they might contribute to SCZ risk, using advanced sequencing methods on a large sample of patients and controls.
  • Despite identifying some potentially functional variants, the analysis did not find a significant difference between patients with SCZ and controls, suggesting that more research is needed to understand the role of X-chromosomal factors in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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This article is a summary of the first AGS Symposium entitled "Update on Vaccination Strategies for Older Adults: Matching the Approach to the Individual and the Care Setting." Given declines in host defenses and immune function with aging, vaccinations play a pivotal role in fortifying older adults against preventable infections, resulting diseases, disability, and death. Current guidelines generally list recommendations applicable for an average older adult of a given chronological age.

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Objectives: Determine obstetrical and neonatal outcomes in neonates with major CHD delivered at a level IV neonatal intensive care units (NICU) center lacking onsite pediatric cardiac surgery.

Methods: A 10- year retrospective review of all neonates admitted to our level IV NICU, with CHD between January 1st, 2011 and December 31st, 2021. Births and NICU charts were cross queried with those from our perinatal center which include pediatric cardiology records.

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Background: Decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) can be a life-saving treatment for patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) with a focal mass lesion who develop refractory elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Nonetheless, successful completion of this procedure requires maintaining hemodynamic and respiratory stability. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use in patients with respiratory or cardiac failure is well described in the literature and has become routinely used in patients with refractory hypoxia unresponsive to traditional mechanical ventilation strategies, but few cases of its use have been reported in the neurosurgical literature.

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To investigate the perceptions of lactation experiences of neurology faculty and the impact of lactation time on academic achievement. This was a cross-sectional study utilizing a survey administered across 19 academic neurology centers in the United States. Respondents self-identified as having children and answered questions about lactation at work.

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Introduction: Resettled refugees have been exposed to stressful and life-threatening events preresettlement and are among the most marginalized and vulnerable groups in society. Postresettlement, they face challenges when assimilating to an unfamiliar host country, which renders them vulnerable to adverse health outcomes including obesity, a major public health burden. This study was conducted to examine the association of mental health and sociodemographic factors, including language proficiency and educational attainment, with obesity in first-generation resettled refugees.

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Article Synopsis
  • Colchicine has shown some effectiveness in reducing adverse cardiovascular events (ACE) and myocardial infarctions (MI) in patients with coronary artery disease, but its impact on stroke risk is unclear, with conflicting results.
  • A systematic review of 16 randomized controlled trials involving nearly 25,000 patients revealed that while colchicine significantly lowered ACE and MI risks by 33% and 21% respectively, it did not significantly affect stroke incidence or mortality rates.
  • Overall, colchicine might be beneficial for certain cardiovascular outcomes, but it does not appear to reduce the risk of stroke or affect mortality rates in the studied population.
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Article Synopsis
  • Cancer patients, particularly those with melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), show higher rates of clonal hematopoiesis, which could influence their treatment and outcomes.
  • The study examines how immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy impacts the hematopoietic clonal architecture and whether changes in clonal expansion affect hematopoietic health in these patients.
  • Findings suggest that mutations within the hematopoietic system increase with extended ICB therapy, raising questions about the potential for clonal hematopoiesis to predict therapy responses and the long-term risks of developing myeloid malignancies.
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Oxytocin in neurodevelopmental disorders: Autism spectrum disorder and Prader-Willi syndrome.

Pharmacol Ther

December 2024

Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 1225 Morris Park Avenue Bronx, NY 10461, USA. Electronic address:

This manuscript reviews recent work on oxytocin and its use in neurodevelopmental disorders including spectrum disorder (ASD) and Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Oxytocin is involved in social recognition, bonding, maternal behaviors, anxiety, food motivation, and hyperphagia. While the pathophysiology of ASD and PWS involve abnormalities in the oxytocin system, clinical trials have shown discrepant results in the effectiveness of oxytocin as a treatment for core symptoms associated with these disorders.

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