Intracellular tPA-PAI-1 interaction determines VLDL assembly in hepatocytes.

Apolipoprotein B (apoB)-lipoproteins initiate and promote atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Plasma tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) activity is negatively associated with atherogenic apoB-lipoprotein cholesterol levels in humans, but the mechanisms are unknown. We found that tPA, partially through the lysine-binding site on its Kringle 2 domain, binds to the N terminus of apoB, blocking the interaction between apoB and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) in hepatocytes, thereby reducing very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly and plasma apoB-lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report and review of literature.

The most common histological type of urinary bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma (UC). Clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) of the urinary bladder is a rare histologic subtype of adenocarcinoma in the urinary tract. The tumor primarily affects women and has histomorphological features resembling CCA of the female genital tract (or Müllerian origin).

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a novel web-based physical activity intervention in adults with overweight/obesity: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Only 14% of adults with obesity attain federal guidelines for physical activity (PA), but few interventions address obesity-specific barriers to PA. We designed the web-based Physical Activity for The Heart (PATH) intervention to address this gap.

Purpose: Test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of PATH for promoting PA and reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adults with overweight/obesity.

Early Administration of the Phytocannabinoid Cannabidivarin Prevents the Neurobehavioral Abnormalities Associated with the -KO Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome.

Phytocannabinoids, including the non-addictive cannabis component cannabidivarin (CBDV), have been reported to hold therapeutic potential in several neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Nonetheless, the therapeutic value of phytocannabinoids for treating Fragile X syndrome (FXS), a major NDD, remains unexplored. Here, we characterized the neurobehavioral effects of CBDV at doses of 20 or 100 mg/kg in the -knockout (-KO) mouse model of FXS using two temporally different intraperitoneal regimens: subchronic 10-day delivery during adulthood (Study 1: rescue treatment) or chronic 5-week delivery at adolescence (Study 2: preventive treatment).

Disorders of the External Ear-A Historical Perspective.

This article provides a historical overview of disorders of the external ear, focusing on advances in technology, pharmacology, and education that have been beneficial. While the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions involving the external ear canal and auricle continue to evolve, it remains to be seen how the latest challenges will be met.

Follow the Wax: The Natural Protection of the Ear Canal and Its Biome.

The external canal is a unique environment that has an elaborate mechanism for self-cleaning and protection. The fundamental basis of this is the epithelial migration of the desquamating layers of the keratinizing epithelium that lines the entire canal and ear drum. This migratory movement results in a "conveyor belt" effect where the dead skin is moved out of the bony ear canal to the cartilaginous portion, where it is lifted off with the help of glandular skin secretions and the hairs of the canal to form what we call "ear wax.

Efficacy of Varying Surgical Approaches on Achieving Optimal Alignment in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery.

Background: The Roussouly, SRS-Schwab, and Global Alignment and Proportion (GAP) classifications define alignment by spinal shape and deformity severity. The efficacy of different surgical approaches and techniques to successfully achieve these goals is not well understood.

Purpose: Identify the impact of surgical approach and/or technique on meeting complex realignment goals in adult spinal deformity (ASD) corrective surgery.

Coding the "Spot Check": Part 2.

The updated outpatient evaluation and management (E/M) coding paradigm went into effect in January 2021, with the coding level being based on time or medical decision making (MDM). In part 2 of this series, we describe how to best code an encounter that includes a "spot check" with other concerns.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in a kidney transplant recipient: a case of Epstein-Barr virus-positive primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are potentially life-threatening complications of chronic immunosuppression in patients who receive solid organ transplants or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Most PTLD cases are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology, and their incidence is typically higher in the first year of transplantation. Isolated EBV-positive diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma in the renal transplant setting has rarely been reported.

Validation of a 3D-Printed Percutaneous Injection Laryngoplasty Simulator: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Simulation may be a valuable tool in training laryngology office procedures on unsedated patients. However, no studies have examined whether existing awake procedure simulators improve trainee performance in laryngology. Our objective was to evaluate the transfer validity of a previously published 3D-printed laryngeal simulator in improving percutaneous injection laryngoplasty (PIL) competency compared with conventional educational materials with a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Fat Embolization Syndrome Secondary to Steroid Treatment in a Case of Sickle Cell Vaso-Occlusive Crisis.

Fat embolization syndrome (FES) is often seen as a complication of fractures and has been known to cause respiratory failure, rashes of the skin, thrombocytopenia, and neurological damage. Nontraumatic FES is uncommon and occurs due to bone marrow necrosis. Vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell patients secondary to steroid therapy is a rare entity and not widely acknowledged.

Galantamine ameliorates hyperoxia-induced brain injury in neonatal mice.

Introduction: Prolonged oxygen therapy in preterm infants often leads to cognitive impairment. Hyperoxia leads to excess free radical production with subsequent neuroinflammation, astrogliosis, microgliosis and apoptosis. We hypothesized that Galantamine, an acetyl choline esterase inhibitor and an FDA approved treatment of Alzheimer's disease, will reduce hyperoxic brain injury in neonatal mice and will improve learning and memory.

Do outcomes of interposition arthroplasty in young patients differ based on indication? A systematic review.

Background: Interposition arthroplasty of the elbow is often preferred in young patients compared with implant total elbow arthroplasty. However, research comparing outcomes based on diagnosis in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and inflammatory arthritis following interposition arthroplasty is sparse. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare outcomes and complication rates following interposition arthroplasty in patients with PTOA and inflammatory arthritis.

Coding the "Spot Check": Part 1.

The updated outpatient evaluation and management (E/M) coding paradigm went into effect in January 2021, with level of visit being based on time or medical decision making (MDM). This article discusses how to effectively utilize this coding structure to correctly document for the "spot check," a common encounter within dermatology.

Podcasting in Clinical Allergy and Immunology: Our Experience and a Review of the Current Landscape.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to improve our understanding of podcasts in the field of Allergy and Immunology and to share our experience in creating and hosting The Itch Podcast. To our knowledge, this is the first review providing an overview of podcasting in the field.

Recent Findings: We found forty-seven podcasts in our search.