Birth characteristics and risk of colorectal cancer.

Background: There is still controversy over the association between newborns with different birth characteristics and colorectal cancer (CRC) in adulthood. We plan to use systematic reviews and meta-analysis to elucidate this relationship.

Methods: Pubmed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Medline databases were searched for published literature on the impact of birth characteristics on the incidence of CRC until Feb 2024, 1065 articles were included in total and necessary data were extracted for systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Experiences of family caregivers and nursing home staff interactions during the adaptation process of elderly individuals moving to nursing home: a qualitative study.

Objective: To explore the interaction between family members and nursing home staff during the adjustment period of newly admitted elderly individuals in a nursing home.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study based on semistructured interviews; data were analysed using a thematic topic analysis approach.

Setting: Interviews were conducted face-to-face.

Prognostic significance of platelet‑to‑albumin ratio in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective study of 858 cases.

Background: Despite evidence supporting the high correlation of the novel platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR) with survival in diverse malignancies, its prognostic relevance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains underexplored. This study aimed to examine the link between PAR and overall survival (OS) in NPC and to establish a predictive model based on this biomarker.

Methods: We retrospectively assembled a cohort consisting of 858 NPC patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

A Comprehensive Analysis of NRP1 in Malignancies Provide Therapeutic Implication for Treating Cancer Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2.

COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2), which can lead to pneumonia, cytokine storms, and lymphopenia. Patients with cancer are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 due to immunosuppression. Recent studies have indicated that NRP1 (Neuropilin 1) may act as a novel mediator of SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cell.

Hypertension Treatment in Frail Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Appraisal of Guidelines.

Background: Managing hypertension in frail older patients is challenging. Several institutions and organizations have published up-to-date hypertension guidelines suggesting frailty screening among older hypertensive patients, with new recommendations for blood pressure-lowering treatment among the frail population. However, the quality of current hypertension guidelines and the consistency of antihypertension treatment recommendations for frail older patients and their supporting evidence remain unknown.

Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients with Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Observational Study.

Background: Although the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) has been increasing since the past decade, the proportion of AEG cases in two previous clinical trials (ACTS-GC and CLASSIC) that investigated the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy was relatively small. Therefore, whether AEG patients can benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy remains unclear.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with pathological stage II/III, Siewert II/III AEG, and underwent curative surgery at three high-volume institutions were assessed.

A High-Quality CdSe/CdS/ZnS Quantum-Dot-Based FRET Aptasensor for the Simultaneous Detection of Two Different Alzheimer's Disease Core Biomarkers.

The simultaneous detection of two different biomarkers for the point-of-care diagnosis of major diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is greatly challenging. Due to the outstanding photoluminescence (PL) properties of quantum dots (QDs), a high-quality CdSe/CdS/ZnS QD-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) aptasensor for simultaneously monitoring the amyloid-β oligomers (AβO) and tau protein was proposed. By engineering the interior inorganic structure and inorganic−organic interface, water-soluble dual-color CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs with a near-unity PL quantum yield (>90%) and mono-exponential PL decay dynamics were generated.

Suppression of Esophageal Cancer Stem-like Cells by SNX-2112 Is Enhanced by STAT3 Silencing.

Many studies have demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are responsible for tumor cell proliferation, chemotherapy resistance, metastasis, and relapse in various cancers. We, and others, have previously shown that the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is responsible for CSCs and TICs growth. Recent reports have indicated that the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is also essential for the survival of CSCs and TICs.

Targeting HMGB3/hTERT axis for radioresistance in cervical cancer.

Background: Radiotherapy is regarded as a milestone for the cure of cervical cancer. However, clinical outcome heavily be hindered by radioresistance. So, exploring the underlying mechanism of radioresistance, and find potential target, well deserve fully emphasis.

Sarcopenia is associated with higher toxicity and poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Given the growing evidence that sarcopenia is associated with toxicity and survival in various cancers, we investigated its significance in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we studied 862 NPC patients who had received CCRT between 2010 and 2014. Sarcopenia was determined using routine pre-radiotherapy computed tomography (CT) simulation scans at the third cervical vertebral level.

Three-Dimensional DNA Nanomachine Combined with Toehold-Mediated Strand Displacement Reaction for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of MiRNA.

MicroRNA (miRNA) serves as an ideal biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of various human cancers. The rationally designed three-dimensional (3D) DNA nanomachine was constructed on the matrixes of magnetic beads, and the high density of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on each magnetic bead and further enlargement of the AuNPs lead to the anchoring of numerous DNA walkers and signal probes on the AuNPs. With the combination of toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (SDR), amplified electrochemical detection of miRNA is performed.

When the Loss Costs Too Much: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sarcopenia in Head and Neck Cancer.

Whether or not skeletal muscle mass (SMM) depletion, known as sarcopenia, has significant negative effects on the prognosis of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) is both new and controversial. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the prognostic significance of sarcopenia in HNC. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science, which contain trial registries and meeting proceedings, to identify related published or unpublished studies.

Comparison of the MAID (AI) and CAV/IE regimens with the predictive value of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 like protein 1 (CREB3L1) in palliative chemotherapy for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma patients.

: Palliative chemotherapy is currently the first-line treatment for advanced soft tissue sarcoma. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of the MAID (AI) and CAV/IE alternating regimens in advanced soft-tissue sarcoma patients. Since resistances to ADM-based chemotherapy and toxicity from doxorubicin are frequently observed in clinical practice, we investigated the association between CREB3L1 expression and survival in advanced soft-tissue sarcomas patients treated with doxorubicin-based palliative chemotherapy.

Prosaposin is a biomarker of mesenchymal glioblastoma and regulates mesenchymal transition through the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

Mesenchymal glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive subtype of GBM. Our previous study found that neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PSAP) is highly expressed and secreted in glioma and can promote the growth of glioma. The role of PSAP in mesenchymal GBM is still unclear.

Prosaposin promotes the proliferation and tumorigenesis of glioma through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: As a neurotrophic factor, prosaposin (PSAP) can exert neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects. It is involved in the occurrence and development of prostate and breast cancer. However, there is no research about the role of PSAP in glioma.

Systemic neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and mismatch repair status in colorectal cancer patients: correlation and prognostic value.

Mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with increased local immune response as compared with mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) CRC. We evaluated the relationship between MMR status and systemic inflammatory factors, including neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). We also assessed the prognostic value of these parameters.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte as a prognostic biomarker in stage IV colorectal cancer should take into account the metastatic status and operation modality.

Background: Although tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been understood for years as a favorable prognostic factor for colorectal cancers (CRCs) after complete surgical resection, its prognostic role in metastatic CRC (mCRC) remains poorly defined, and it is largely unknown how this prognostic benefit relates to the metastatic status and operation modality.

Materials And Methods: After reviewing 2215 consecutive cases of surgically resected CRC, 332 patients newly diagnosed with stage IV CRC and treated at the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center between 2009 and 2014 were included. H&E-stained (HES) slides from surgical specimens were evaluated for the extent of TILs.

Inactivation of mTORC1 Signaling in Osterix-Expressing Cells Impairs B-cell Differentiation.

Osteoblasts provide a microenvironmental niche for B-cell commitment and maturation in the bone marrow (BM). Any abnormity of osteoblasts function may result in the defect of B lymphopoiesis. Signaling from mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has been implicated in regulating the expansion and differentiation of osteoblasts.

Functional role of PLCE1 intronic insertion variant associated with susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have consistently identified PLCE1 as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) susceptibility gene; however, the functional role of PLCE1 variants remains to be verified. In this study, we performed fine mapping of the PLCE1 region using our previous ESCC GWAS data and identified 33 additional risk variants in this susceptibility locus. Here, we report the functional characterization of a four-nucleotide insertion/deletion variation (rs71031566 C----/CATTT) in PLCE1 that was associated with risk of developing ESCC.

XRCC5 cooperates with p300 to promote cyclooxygenase-2 expression and tumor growth in colon cancers.

Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandins (PGs) biosynthesis. Previous studies indicate that COX-2, one of the isoforms of COX, is highly expressed in colon cancers and plays a key role in colon cancer carcinogenesis. Thus, searching for novel transcription factors regulating COX-2 expression will facilitate drug development for colon cancer.

Multiplexed Electrochemical Detection of MiRNAs from Sera of Glioma Patients at Different Stages via the Novel Conjugates of Conducting Magnetic Microbeads and Diblock Oligonucleotide-Modified Gold Nanoparticles.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for a wide variety of cancers. Via the novel conjugates of gold nanoparticle-coated magnetic microbeads (AuNP-MMBs) and the diblock oligonucleotide (ODN)-modified AuNPs, multiplexed electrochemical assay of miRNAs was performed. The hybridization to target miRNAs leads to the conformational change of the hairpin-structured ODN probes, and the attachment of the diblock ODN-modified AuNPs was achieved.