Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Disk Abalone () Caused by Water Temperature and pH Changes.

Ocean warming and acidification can induce oxidative stress in marine species, resulting in cellular damage and apoptosis. However, the effects of pH and water temperature conditions on oxidative stress and apoptosis in disk abalone are poorly understood. This study investigated, for the first time, the effects of different water temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C) and pH levels (7.

Pathogenicity of two lineages of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) to farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in South Korea.

In May 2015, a high mortality event in farmed rainbow trout occurred in Jeollabuk-do province in Korea. Histopathological analysis revealed necrosis in the kidney, liver, branchial arch, and gills of moribund fish, and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was detected in the lesions by immunohistochemistry. Cytopathic effects were observed in EPC, FHM, and RTG-2 cell lines after inoculation with kidney and spleen tissues and IHNV was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Influence of the Hawthorne effect on spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, ground reaction force, and the symmetry of the dominant and nondominant lower limbs during gait.

The Hawthorne effect is a change in behavior resulting from awareness of being observed or evaluated. This study aimed to determine whether awareness of being evaluated or presence of an observer influence gait. Twenty-one young women were asked to walk in three conditions.

Attention-Based Bi-Prediction Network for Versatile Video Coding (VVC) over 5G Network.

As the demands of various network-dependent services such as Internet of things (IoT) applications, autonomous driving, and augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) increase, the fifthgeneration (5G) network is expected to become a key communication technology. The latest video coding standard, versatile video coding (VVC), can contribute to providing high-quality services by achieving superior compression performance. In video coding, inter bi-prediction serves to improve the coding efficiency significantly by producing a precise fused prediction block.

Differences in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response between South Korea and the United States: A Comparative Analysis of Culture and Policies.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has varied across countries. Some countries controlled the virus relatively well, while others did not. In the United States, almost a million people died.

Experimental Investigation of Cavitation Bulk Nanobubbles Characteristics: Effects of pH and Surface-Active Agents.

Nanobubbles (NBs) have a widespread application in antimicrobial activity, wastewater treatment, and ecological restoration due to numerous peculiar characteristics, such as small diameter, long-term stability, and ability to produce hydroxyl radicals. Despite significant applications, only limited comprehensive investigations are available on the role of surfactants and pH in NBs characteristics. Therefore, this study examines the effects of different surfactants (i.

Crystal Structure and Biochemical Analysis of a Cytochrome P450 Steroid Hydroxylase (CYP106A6) from Species.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes hydroxylation reactions with various substrate molecules. Steroid hydroxylases are particularly useful for effectively introducing hydroxyl groups into a wide range of steroids in the pharmaceutical industry. This study reports a newly identified CYP steroid hydroxylase (CYP106A6) from the bacterium sp.

Adaptation Process of Korean Elderly Women to Foreign Daughters-in-Law in Multicultural Rural Families: A Grounded Theory Method.

Introduction: In South Korea, the number of multicultural families is steadily increasing. The purpose of the study was to examine and identify the process of adaptation of elderly women to foreign daughters-in-law in multicultural families in rural settings.

Method: This is a qualitative study and applies a grounded theory method.

Effect of Combined Exercise Program on Lower Extremity Alignment and Knee Pain in Patients with Genu Varum.

This study aimed to assess the effect of a combined exercise program on lower-extremity alignment and knee pain in patients with genu varum. Forty-seven middle-aged women with knee pain and genu varum were randomly divided into the exercise (EG, n = 24) and control (CG, n = 23) groups. The exercise group underwent a combined exercise program lasting 60 min in one session, three times a week for 12 weeks.

Knowledge, Perception and Confidence in Performance on Infection Prevention and Control Measures among the Nursing Students.

Background Healthcare-associated infections increase the patients' hospital stay, morbidity and mortality. It is important that professionals including students acquire knowledge on infection and acquire skills regarding preventive measures. Objective The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge, perception and confidence on infection prevention and control measures and to find the correlation between variables among nursing students.

Effects of Combined Exercise Program on Spinal Curvature and Balance Ability in Adolescents with Kyphosis.

Thoracic hyperkyphosis is associated with postural abnormality, physical function, and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the effects of a combined exercise program on the spinal curvature and balance ability in adolescents with kyphosis. Fifty-one adolescents (mean age 21.

HO-Driven Hydroxylation of Steroids Catalyzed by Cytochrome P450 CYP105D18: Exploration of the Substrate Access Channel.

CYP105D18 supports HO as an oxygen surrogate for catalysis well and shows high HO resistance capacity. We report the hydroxylation of different steroids using HO as a cosubstrate. Testosterone was regiospecifically hydroxylated to 2β-hydroxytestosterone.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Antibiotic-Resistant Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain Ant01, from the Rhizosphere of Antarctic Moss.

Pseudomonas fluorescens Ant01 was isolated as an antibiotic-resistant strain from the rhizosphere of a moss from Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. The assembled genome size is 6,249,144 bp, with 5,616 protein-coding genes, 69 tRNA genes, and 19 rRNA genes.

Evaluating a theory-based intervention for improving eHealth literacy in older adults: a single group, pretest-posttest design.

Background: The Internet is considered an important channel for providing health information to older adults. We developed an intervention to improve eHealth literacy in older adults according to the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) theory and Intervention Mapping. This study aimed to analyze the effect of a developed intervention on information, motivation, behavioral skills, and behaviors related to eHealth information in older adults.

COVID-19-related anxiety and lifestyle changes.

This study aimed to identify factors that affect lifestyle changes and focused on coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related anxiety since the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea. Data from 213,848 individuals from the 2020 Korean Community Health Survey were analyzed using a complex sampling design. Descriptive statistics, -tests, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analyses were performed.

The Effects of Academic Stress and Upward Comparison on Depression in Nursing Students during COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a global long-term education crisis, which has negatively affected the psychological well-being of nursing students. This study aims to determine the effect of academic stress and upward comparison on depression among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A convenience sample of 271 junior and senior nursing students from four universities in South Korea was selected.

Effects of Augmented Reality-Based Dual-Task Program on Physical Ability by Cognitive Stage with Developmental Disabilities.

People diagnosed with developmental disabilities are less likely to participate in physical activities even if they are provided opportunities. This study aimed to examine the effects of dual-task exercise-based augmented reality (AR) on muscle strength, muscle endurance, balance ability, and flexibility among people with developmental disabilities. Twenty-seven patients with developmental disabilities were included in the study.

Effects of Augmented Reality Game-Based Cognitive-Motor Training on Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors and Executive Function in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) and executive dysfunction are widely acknowledged as core features and hallmarks in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aimed to investigate the effects of augmented reality (AR) using motivational games with cognitive-motor exercises on RRBs, executive function (EF), attention, and reaction time in patients with ASD. Twenty-four patients (range from 6 to 18 years) diagnosed with ASD were recruited from local social welfare centers and randomly allocated to the AR game-based cognitive-motor training group (study group) or the conventional cognitive training group (control group).

Efficient Clustering for Continuous Occupancy Mapping Using a Mixture of Gaussian Processes.

This paper proposes a novel method for occupancy map building using a mixture of Gaussian processes. Gaussian processes have proven to be highly flexible and accurate for a robotic occupancy mapping problem, yet the high computational complexity has been a critical barrier for large-scale applications. We consider clustering the data into small, manageable subsets and applying a mixture of Gaussian processes.

Feasibility of Using Multiplayer Game-Based Dual-Task Training with Augmented Reality and Personal Health Record on Social Skills and Cognitive Function in Children with Autism.

The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the feasibility of multiplayer game contents with dual-task exercises using augmented reality (AR) and a personal health record (PHR) system for social skills and cognitive function in children with autism. The present study used a single group pretest-posttest study design with fourteen children diagnosed with autism and aged 6-16 years. The intervention consisted of various game contents designed specifically with cognitive and motor tasks, performed for 30 min per session, twice a week, for three weeks.

Complete Genome Sequencing of Polar sp. PAMC25284, Copper Tolerance Potential Unraveled with Genomic Analysis.

The genus is a known group of Gram-positive, opportunistic pathogenic bacteria from cold climates, with members that are believed to play a variety of roles at low temperatures. However, their survival mechanisms in frigid environments like the Antarctic are still unknown. We identified a species of isolated from seawater in the polar region using 16S rRNA sequence analysis.

analysis and a comparative genomics approach to predict pathogenic trehalase genes in the complete genome of Antarctica Shigella sp. PAMC28760.

Although four species (. , , and ) have been reported, . sp.

Crystal structure of ChbG from Klebsiella pneumoniae reveals the molecular basis of diacetylchitobiose deacetylation.

The chitobiose (chb) operon is involved in the synthesis of chitooligosaccharide and is comprised of a BCARFG gene cluster. ChbG encodes a chitooligosaccharide deacetylase (CDA) which catalyzes the removal of one acetyl group from N,N'-diacetylchitobiose. It is considered a novel type of CDA due to its lack of sequence homology.

Insight into glucocorticoids glucosylation by glucosyltransferase: A combined experimental and in-silico approach.

Glucosyltransferases catalyze the glucosidic bond formation by transferring a glucose molecule from an activated sugar donor to an acceptor substrate. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are adrenal-derived steroid hormones most widely used for anti-inflammatory treatments. In this study, we biotransformed two selected GCs, cortisone and prednisone, into their O-glucoside derivatives using a versatile UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT-1.