The kidney reabsorption-related magnesium depletion score is associated with cardiovascular disease and longitudinal mortality in diabetic kidney disease patients.

Background: The kidney reabsorption is essential for maintaining magnesium homeostasis. This study aims to explore the relationship between kidney reabsorption-related magnesium depletion score (MDS) and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and prognosis in diabetic disease kidney (DKD) patients.

Methods: We included 3199 DKD patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, including 1072 CVD patients.

Association between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and risk of aortic stenosis progression in patients with non-severe aortic stenosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Triglyceride-glucose-BMI (TyG-BMI) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance and an important predictor of cardiovascular disease. However, the predictive value of TyG-BMI index in the progression of non-severe aortic stenosis (AS) is still unclear.

Methods: The present retrospective observational study was conducted using patient data from Aortic valve diseases RISk facTOr assessmenT andprognosis modeL construction (ARISTOTLE).

Epidermal stem cell derived exosomes-induced dedifferentiation of myofibroblasts inhibits scarring via the miR-203a-3p/PIK3CA axis.

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a common fibroproliferative disorders with no fully effective treatments. The conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is known to play a critical role in HS formation, making it essential to identify molecules that promote myofibroblast dedifferentiation and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. In this study, we used comparative transcriptomics and single-cell sequencing to identify key molecules and pathways that mediate fibrosis and myofibroblast transdifferentiation.

A pre-rule for the sequential probability ratio test in a between-item grid multidimensional computerized classification test.

The measurement efficiency of a grid multidimensional computerized classification test (grid MCCT), which makes a classification decision per dimension, can be improved by taking the correlations between the dimensions into account in the termination criterion. The higher the correlations, the better the improvement in measurement efficiency. However, a termination criterion utilizing inter-dimensional information (i.

Construction of a rodent neural network-skeletal muscle assembloid that simulate the postnatal development of spinal cord motor neuronal network.

Neuromuscular diseases usually manifest as abnormalities involving motor neurons, neuromuscular junctions, and skeletal muscle (SkM) in postnatal stage. Present in vitro models of neuromuscular interactions require a long time and lack neuroglia involvement. Our study aimed to construct rodent bioengineered spinal cord neural network-skeletal muscle (NN-SkM) assembloids to elucidate the interactions between spinal cord neural stem cells (SC-NSCs) and SkM cells and their biological effects on the development and maturation of postnatal spinal cord motor neural circuits.

The burden and temporal trend of early onset pancreatic cancer based on the GBD 2021.

In the context of the global increase in early-onset tumours, investigating the global disease burden caused by early-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) is imperative. Data on the burden of EOPC were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. A joinpoint regression model was used to analyse the temporal trend of the EOPC burden, and an age‒period‒cohort (APC) model was used to analyse the influence of age, period, and birth cohort on burden trends.

Mitochondrial dysfunction-driven AMPK-p53 axis activation underpins the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of sulfane sulfur.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, notoriously refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Historically, sulfane sulfur-based compounds have been explored for the treatment of HCC, but their efficacy has been underwhelming. We recently reported a novel sulfane sulfur donor, PSCP, which exhibited improved chemical stability and structural malleability.

Effectiveness of using implementation frameworks to facilitate the implementation of a stroke management guideline in the traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in China: protocol for a factorial randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is commonly used alongside Western medicine for stroke management in China. However, there is significant variation in TCM practice, and the utilisation of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines is inadequate. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of three popular frameworks-Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Normalization Process Theory (NPT)-in improving implementation outcomes for the integrated TCM and Western medicine clinical practice guideline for stroke management.

Developmental endothelial locus-1 as a potential biomarker for the formation and progression of intracranial aneurysm.

Background: Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are pathological dilations occurring at major branch points of cerebral arteries, which can lead to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) upon rupture. Recent studies have identified developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL1) as closely associated with IA, though its role remains not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate serum DEL1 level differences in IA patients and explore its function in vascular endothelial cells.

The comparison of pathogenic role and mechanism of Kallistatin and PEDF in tumors.

Tumors are diseases caused by abnormal cell division and growth, which can be life-threatening if not treated properly. Serpin inhibitors play a crucial role in regulating pathophysiological process and are promising drug targets. Kallistatin (SERPINA4) and Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF, SERPINF1) are two serpins that lack protease inhibitory activity but are abundant in blood.

Emerging roles of hyaluronic acid hydrogels in cancer treatment and wound healing: A review.

Hyaluronic acid (HA)-derived hydrogels signify a noticeable development in biomedical uses, especially in cancer treatment and wound repair. Cancer continues to be one of the foremost causes of death globally, with current therapies frequently impeded by lack of specificity, serious side effects, and the emergence of resistance. HA hydrogels, characterized by their distinctive three-dimensional structure, hydrophilic nature, and biocompatibility, create an advanced platform for precise drug delivery, improving therapeutic results while minimizing systemic toxicity.

HMGB1-mediated macrophage regulation of NF-κB activation and MMP3 upregulation in nucleus pulposus cells: A critical mechanism in the vicious cycle of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a leading cause of low back pain, primarily driven by inflammatory processes within the disc, particularly involving the infiltration and activity of macrophages. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) has been identified as a crucial mediator in this inflammatory cascade, yet its precise role in macrophage-induced disc degeneration remains unclear. In this study, we employed a combination of in vivo and in vitro models, including genetically engineered mice with macrophage-specific overexpression of HMGB1, a rat model of IVDD, and cultured macrophages and nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), to elucidate the role of HMGB1 in IVDD.

Development of Chimeric Nanobody-Granzyme B Functionalized Ferritin Nanoparticles for Precise Tumor Therapy.

T-cell lymphomas (TCLs) are heterogeneous malignancies with limited treatment options and poor outcomes. The efficacy of traditional T-cell therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, is often constrained by immunosuppressive factors and the tumor microenvironment. On the other hand, although direct Granzyme B (GrB) administration can effectively induce tumor cell apoptosis, it lacks universal tumor targeting and efficient cellular entry mechanisms.

ROS fueled autonomous sol-gel-sol transitions for on-demand modulation of inflammation in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form of arthritis, and a leading cause of pain and long-term disability. Dysregulation of redox homeostasis is a key feature in the pathological progression of osteoarthritis that amplifies the inflammatory response, aggravates synovitis and accelerates cartilage degradation. Herein, a hemin and chitosan-mediated antioxidant gel inducing ROS conversion (hc-MAGIC) was constructed to targeting oxidative stress for osteoarthritis treatment.

Adult bi-paternal offspring generated through direct modification of imprinted genes in mammals.

Imprinting abnormalities pose a significant challenge in applications involving embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and animal cloning, with no universal correction method owing to their complexity and stochastic nature. In this study, we targeted these defects at their source-embryos from same-sex parents-aiming to establish a stable, maintainable imprinting pattern de novo in mammalian cells. Using bi-paternal mouse embryos, which exhibit severe imprinting defects and are typically non-viable, we introduced frameshift mutations, gene deletions, and regulatory edits at 20 key imprinted loci, ultimately achieving the development of fully adult animals, albeit with a relatively low survival rate.

Is postoperative adjuvant therapy necessary for pT3N0 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma?

Background: The current NCCN guidelines advocate for the use of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in pT3N0 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). Here, we sought to evaluate whether postoperative RT/CRT may confer a survival advantage in pT3N0 patients who lack adverse pathological features.

Methods: A dataset of 852 pT3N0 OCSCC patients treated between 2018 and 2021 was analyzed.

Preferences for the ocular region aesthetics and elective double eyelid surgery in Chinese: A nationwide discrete choice experiment.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate preferences for elective double eyelid surgery and explore the psychosocial underpinnings influencing ocular aesthetics and attitudes toward aesthetic surgery.

Method: This nationwide online experiment was conducted throughout four tiers of cities in China using quota sampling, which included self-administered Likert scales for general self-efficacy and modified body image and a set of discrete choice experiments (DCE) that measured the relative value and odds ratio of elective double eyelid surgery surgical options and marginal willingness to pay for procedure attributes.

Results: A total of 554 respondents were included in the final analysis (41.

Ginsenoside Rh2(S) maintains cytoskeleton homeostasis and inhibits pyroptosis to resist cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity through FGFR1/HRAS axis.

Background: Patients with cancer undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy frequently experience cardiotoxic side effects that significantly affect their prognosis and survival rates. Our study found that Panax ginseng root extract exerted a significant protective effect against cisplatin-induced myocardial cell injury.

Purpose: The present study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which the bioactive components of Panax ginseng mitigate cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity (CIC).

Century-long West Antarctic snow accumulation changes induced by tropical teleconnections.

Ice core measurements reveal dipole-like snow accumulation trends over West Antarctica throughout the 20th century, with an increase of >2000 billion metric tons over the Antarctic Peninsula and Ellsworth Land but a decrease of ~500 billion metric tons over Marie Byrd Land. Although atmospheric teleconnections were frequently revealed, linking variability between tropics and higher latitudes on interannual and decadal timescales, centennial-scale teleconnection is absent from literature. Here, using statistical analysis and numerical experiments, we reveal that changes of tropical oceans throughout the 20th century drive the long-term Antarctic snowfall trend.

Predicting On-Road Air Pollution Coupling Street View Images and Machine Learning: A Quantitative Analysis of the Optimal Strategy.

Integrating mobile monitoring data with street view images (SVIs) holds promise for predicting local air pollution. However, algorithms, sampling strategies, and image quality introduce extra errors due to a lack of reliable references that quantify their effects. To bridge this gap, we employed 314 taxis to monitor NO, NO, PM, and PM, and extracted features from ∼382,000 SVIs at multiple angles (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°) and buffer radii (100-500 m).

Unambiguous Detection of High-Energy Vortex States via the Superkick Effect.

Vortex states of photons, electrons, and other particles are freely propagating wave packets with helicoidal wave fronts winding around the axis of a phase vortex. A particle prepared in a vortex state carries a nonzero orbital angular momentum projection on the propagation direction, a quantum number that has never been exploited in experimental particle and nuclear physics. Low-energy vortex photons, electrons, neutrons, and helium atoms have been demonstrated in experiment and found numerous applications, and there exist proposals of boosting them to higher energies.

Precise Measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} Cross Section at Center-of-Mass Energies from Threshold to 4.95 GeV.

Using the e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, at center-of-mass energies from the threshold to 4.95 GeV, we present precise measurements of the cross section for the process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} using a single-tag method. The resulting cross section line shape exhibits several new structures, thereby offering an input for a future coupled-channel analysis and model tests, which are critical to understand vector charmonium-like states with masses between 4 and 5 GeV.

Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector.

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins.