Caregiver's experiences with a mobile-based educational program and its impact on dietary treatment compliance of children with methylmalonic acidemia: an online survey.

Background: Compliance to highly restrictive diets is critical for children with Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA), and their caregivers play a prominent role in children's dietary treatment from early childhood through to adulthood. Despite lots of efforts by the multidisciplinary medical team to ensure the smooth implementation of dietary treatment, restricting dietary protein remains particularly challenging for children with MMA. This study aimed to assess dietary treatment compliance in children with MMA and evaluate the impact of WeChat-based parent education on compliance.

Assembly and characterization of the complete mitogenome of Bauhinia purpurea (Leguminosae).

Objective: Mitochondrial genome sequences are very useful for understanding the mitogenome evolution itself and reconstructing phylogeny of different plant lineages. Bauhinia purpurea, a species from the legume family Leguminosae, is widely distributed in South China and has high ornamental value. Here, we sequenced and assembled the mitogenome of B.

A Modified Polydopamine Nanoparticle Loaded with Melatonin for Synergistic ROS Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifaceted ocular surface disorder that significantly impacts patients' daily lives and imposes a substantial economic burden on society. Oxidative stress, induced by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is a critical factor perpetuating the inflammatory cycle in DED. Effectively scavenging ROS is essential to impede the progression of DED.

Highly Efficient Degradation of Bisphenol A by Peroxymonosulfate Activation Using Bamboo Kraft Lignin Single-Atom Catalyst.

A nitrogen-coordinated Fe single-atom catalyst (SA Fe-N/C) is synthesized using a homogeneous ethanol-based dissolution system with bamboo kraft lignin serving as the carbon source. Uniformly dispersed Fe atoms with an interatomic distance of less than 2 Å throughout the SA Fe-N/C structure are revealed through X-ray absorption spectral analysis and HAADF-STEM images, which possessed a high Fe loading of 2.69%.

(-) - (11R, 12S)-mefloquine ameliorates neuropathic pain by modulating Cx36-ER stress interaction in the pain-related central nervous system in rats.

Aims: To explore the specific molecular and cellular mechanisms of (-) - Mefloquine (one of Mefloquine's enantiomers) in modulating the interaction between Connexin 36 (Cx36) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) both in rats with CCI-induced neuropathic pain and in tunicamycin-induced ERS cells.

Materials And Methods: The authors conducted chronic constriction injury (CCI) in rats to induce neuropathic pain and established the ERS model in SH-SY5Y cells to mimic the stress state after neuropathic pain. The study employed behavioral tests and various molecular biology techniques, including Western blot analysis, cell transfection, and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP).

Smart core-shell microneedles for psoriasis therapy: In situ self-assembly of calcium ion-coordinated dexamethasone hydrogel.

Psoriasis is a prevalent relapsing dermatological condition that often necessitates lifelong treatment. The distinctive thickening of the stratum corneum presents a challenge to drug penetration. The employment of microneedles has been demonstrated to enhance the transdermal drug delivery efficacy by creating multiple microchannels in the skin.

Gas-propelled anti-hair follicle aging microneedle patch for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Existing treatments for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) are unsatisfactory, owing to the two major reasons: (1) Oxidative stress and vascularization deficiency in the perifollicular environment provoke the premature senescence of hair follicles, limiting transformation from the telogen to the anagen phase; (2) The amount of drug delivered to the perifollicular region located in the deep dermis is very limited for passive drug delivery systems. Herein, we developed a gas-propelledmicroneedle patch integrated with ferrum-chelated puerarin/quercetin nanoparticles (PQFN) to increase drug accumulation in hair follicles and reshape the perifollicular environment for improved hair-regenerating effects. PQFN can rejuvenate testosterone (Tes)-induced senescence of dermal papilla cells by scavenging ROS, restoring mitochondrial function, regulating signaling pathways related to hair regeneration, and upregulating hair growth-promoting genes.

Co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine and their associations with cognitive impairment risk in older adults from southern China.

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and tobacco smoke is widespread and linked to various adverse health outcomes. Their potential to disturb the neurological system has raised much concern, particularly among older adults. Thus, we conducted a case-control study to assess the associations between co-exposure to PAHs and nicotine, and the risk of cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in older adults.

IgA class switching enhances neutralizing potency against SARS-CoV-2 by increased antibody hinge flexibility.

IgA antibodies are critical components of the mucosal immune barrier, providing essential first-line defense against viral infections. In this study, we investigated the impact of antibody class switching on neutralization efficacy by engineering recombinant antibodies of different isotypes (IgA1, IgG1) with identical variable regions from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients. A potent, broad-spectrum neutralizing monoclonal antibody CAV-C65 exhibited a ten-fold increase in neutralization potency upon switching from IgG1 to IgA1 monomer.

IBI310 plus sintilimab vs. placebo plus sintilimab in recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: It remains unclear whether adding CTLA-4 blockade to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade improves clinical outcomes in cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04590599), patients with recurrent/metastatic CC (R/M CC) who experienced disease progression after or during platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled from 37 centers across China and randomly assigned (1:1), stratified by PD-L1 expression and prior treatment lines, to receive either IBI310 plus sintilimab or placebo plus sintilimab intravenously every 3 weeks for 12 weeks, followed by sintilimab alone.

Nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated silencing of GSTP1 expression to reverse chemoresistance for effective breast cancer therapy.

Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment modality for breast cancer (BCa) patients. However, chemoresistance commonly arises in clinical settings, contributing to poor prognosis. The development of chemoresistance is a dynamic and complex process involving the activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.

Beverage consumption modifies the risk of type 2 diabetes associated with ambient air pollution exposure.

Background: Evidence on how beverage consumption modifies associations between air pollution (AP) exposure with the type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk remains scarce, which we aimed to investigate in this study.

Methods: A total of 77,278 adults from the UK Biobank cohort were enrolled. Annual average concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM and PM) and nitrogen oxides (NO and NO) were estimated to represent the long-term AP exposure using the land use regression model.

The role of lymph node level ratio in predicting prognosis and the benefits of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with pathological N1 stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To analyze the role of lymph node level ratio (LNLR) in predicting prognosis and the benefits of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with pathological N1 (pN1) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: Patients with pN1 HNSCC from January 2011 to February 2021 were included. Patients were grouped by the LNLR, lymph node yield (LNY), and lymph node ratio (LNR) and were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox model.

NFE2-driven neutrophil polarization promotes pancreatic cancer liver metastasis progression.

Pancreatic cancer liver metastasis is an important factor leading to dismal prognoses. The details of adaptive immune remodeling in liver metastasis, especially the role of neutrophils, remain elusive. Here, combined single-cell sequencing with spatial transcriptomics results revealed that liver metastases exhibit more aggressive transcriptional characteristics and higher levels of immunosuppression compared with the primary tumor.

Topography-guided, patterned, customized corneal crosslinking for non-invasive astigmatism correction.

Objectives: To propose and evaluate a novel, non-invasive approach for enduring corneal astigmatism correction based on topography-guided, patterned, customized riboflavin-ultraviolet A corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL).

Methods: Astigmatism was modelled on both eyes of rabbits. A randomly selected eye of each rabbit was treated by the proposed CXL procedure with another eye as control.

Early attainment of 20-hydroxyecdysone threshold shapes mosquito sexual dimorphism in developmental timing.

In holometabolous insects, critical weight (CW) attainment triggers pupation and metamorphosis, but its mechanism remains unclear in non-model organisms like mosquitoes. Here, we investigate the role of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in CW assessment and pupation timing in Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti, vectors of arboviruses including dengue and Zika.

Unraveling phase-dependent variations of viral community, virus-host linkage, and functional potential during manure composting process.

The temporal dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities significantly impact the manure composting process, yet viral communities are often underexplored. Bulk metagenomes, viromes, metatranscriptomes, and metabolomes were integrated to investigate dynamics of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus and virus-host interactions throughout a 63-day composting process. A total of 473 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), predominantly Caudoviricetes, showed distinct phase-dependent differentiation.

circCCNY enhances lenvatinib sensitivity and suppresses immune evasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by serving as a scaffold for SMURF1 mediated HSP60 degradation.

Lenvatinib is the standard first-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but drug resistance significantly hampers its efficacy. Increasing evidence has shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in HCC pathogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of lenvatinib sensitivity regulated by circRNAs remain largely unclear.

Two-dimensional ZIF-L derived dual Fe/FeN sites for synergistic efficient oxygen reduction in alkaline and acid media.

Fe-N-C catalysts have emerged as the most promising alternatives to commercial Pt/C catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their cost-effectiveness and favorable activity. Herein, a dual-site Fe/FeN-NC catalyst was synthesized via a green, in situ doping strategy using two-dimensional Fe-doped ZIF-L as a nitrogen-rich precursor. The catalyst integrated Fe nanoparticles (NPs) and FeN sites anchored on carbon nanotubes, intertwined with nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets, achieving a high active site density and graphitisation.

Predicting the risk of a high proportion of three/multiple pronuclei (3PN/MPN) zygotes in individual IVF cycles using comparative machine learning algorithms.

Background: The majority of machine learning applications in assisted reproduction have been focused on predicting the likelihood of pregnancy. In the present study, we aim to investigate which machine learning models are most effective in predicting the occurrence of a high proportion (>30 %) of 3PN/MPN zygotes in individual IVF cycles.

Methods: Eight machine learning algorithms were trained and compared, including the AdaBoost and Gaussian NB.

Engineering 3D microtip gates of all-polymer organic electrochemical transistors for rapid femtomolar nucleic-acid-based saliva testing.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) of trace amount of biomarkers in biofluids is critical towards health monitoring and early diagnosis. In particular, to facilitate non-invasive saliva testing, the development of low-cost, lightweight and disposable biosensors is in urgent need, while the ultrahigh sensitivity beyond conventional clinical tests remains a great challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a simple and fully printable all-polymer organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) biosensor to detect femtomolar (fM)-level biomolecules in saliva within a few minutes by employing highly conducting lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) serving as both the channel and gate.

Stochastic galvanic vestibular stimulation improves kinetic performance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis during obstacle negotiation.

Vestibular dysfunction has been reported as a potential cause in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, it remained unclear how stochastic galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) affected kinetic performance of patients with AIS. This study aimed to investigate the effect of stochastic GVS on ground reaction forces (GRF) measures during obstacle negotiation among patients with AIS.

Efficacy and safety of KN026 and docetaxel for HER2-positive breast cancer: a phase II clinical trial.

Background: The standard first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer currently includes pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and docetaxel. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of KN026, an anti-HER2 bispecific antibody, plus docetaxel in first-line treatment of HER2-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II study enrolled patients with HER2-positive recurrent/metastatic breast cancer in 19 centers across China from December 30, 2019 to May 27, 2021.

Associations between anthropogenic heat emissions and serum lipids among adults in northeastern China.

Few epidemiological studies have investigated associations between anthropogenic heat emissions (AE) and serum lipids. We recruited 15,477 adults from 33 communities in northeastern China in 2009. We estimated AE flux by using data on energy consumption and socio-economic statistics covering building, transportation, industry, and human metabolism.