miR-210 in ischaemic stroke: biomarker potential, challenges and future perspectives.

Ischaemic stroke, a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, necessitates effective biomarkers for enhanced diagnostic and prognostic stratification. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), particularly miR-210, have emerged as promising candidates due to their intricate regulatory roles in cellular responses to hypoxia and neuroprotective effects. This study explores the potential of miR-210 as a biomarker for ischaemic stroke, considering its expression patterns, regulatory functions and diagnostic/prognostic implications.

Corrosion Resistance of Coatings Based on Chromium and Aluminum of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V.

Improvement of wear, corrosion, and heat-resistant properties of coatings to expand the operational capabilities of metals and alloys is an urgent problem for modern enterprises. Diffusion titanium, chromium, and aluminum-based coatings are widely used to solve this challenge. The article aims to obtain the corrosion-electrochemical properties and increase the microhardness of the obtained coatings compared with the initial Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

MXene-Polydopamine-antiCEACAM1 Antibody Complex as a Strategy for Targeted Ablation of Melanoma.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a method for eradicating tumor tissues through the use of photothermal materials and photosensitizing agents that absorb light energy from laser sources and convert it into heat, which selectively targets and destroys cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. MXenes have been intensively investigated as photosensitizing agents for PTT. However, achieving the selectivity of MXenes to the tumor cells remains a challenge.

Substantiation of the methodology for assessing the biological age of adolescents.

Objective: Aim: To substantiate the methodology for assessing the biological age of adolescent high schoolers (boys and girls).

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: Boys aged 14-15 (n = 102) and girls aged 12-13 (n = 101) were studied. The choice of these age groups is explained by the presence of the most significant individual differences in morphological and functional characteristics in these adolescents.

Surgical mentorship in low-resource environments: Opportunities and challenges, a perspective.

Background And Aims: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), a shortage of skilled surgical practitioners hampers healthcare delivery, impacting well-being and economic growth. Surgical mentorship programs offer a promising solution but face challenges in implementation. This review aims to comprehensively assess the impact of surgical mentorship programs in LMICs and identify challenges and opportunities for their development and implementation.

evaluation of bioactivity of alginate/chitosan based osteoplastic nanocomposites loaded with inorganic nanoparticles.

The influence of two nanostructured osteoplastic materials with different compositions: i) alginate (Alg) matrix, loaded with Zn ions and nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) - S1/HA-Zn, and ii) chitosan (CS) matrix loaded with brushite nanoparticles (NPs, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, DCPD) - S2/DCPD on the healing of an experimental femoral diaphysis defect was investigated. The structure of cellular elements and the lacunar tubular system of the regenerated bone tissue were studied by electron microscopy. Osteogenic cells on the surface and inside S1/HA-Zn formed bone tissue.

Analyzing the relationship between cerebral aneurysms and Non-oculomotor cranial nerve palsies: a systematic review.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between intracerebral aneurysms and cranial nerve (CN) palsies, focusing on nerves other than the oculomotor nerve. It sought to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of these nerve palsies and compare the effectiveness of microsurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling in restoring nerve function.

Methodology: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, covering studies from 1975 to April 2024.

Empowering health care consumers & understanding patients' perspectives on AI integration in oncology and surgery: A perspective.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming oncology and surgery by improving diagnostics, personalizing treatments, and enhancing surgical precision. Patients appreciate AI for its potential to provide accurate prognoses and tailored therapies. However, AI's implementation raises ethical concerns, data privacy issues, and the need for transparent communication between patients and health care providers.

A Systematic Review of the Effect of Stigmatization on Psychiatric Illness Outcomes.

A significant proportion of individuals with psychiatric disorders face dual challenges such as managing the symptoms and disabilities of their conditions and enduring stigma arising from misconceptions about mental illness. This stigma denies them quality-of-life opportunities, such as access to satisfactory healthcare services, better employment, safer housing, and social affiliations. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of stigmatization on psychiatric illness outcomes, particularly its influence on treatment adherence, treatment-seeking behavior, and care outcomes.

Novel Combinations of Immunotherapies or DNA Damage Repair Inhibitors in Platinum-Refractory Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase II BALTIC Study.

Purpose: The phase II, multiarm, signal-searching BALTIC study (NCT02937818) assessed novel treatment combinations for platinum-refractory/resistant extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

Patients And Methods: Patients with ES-SCLC with progressive disease during or within 90 days of completing first-line platinum-based chemotherapy received one of three regimens: durvalumab plus tremelimumab followed by durvalumab monotherapy (arm A), adavosertib plus carboplatin (arm B), or ceralasertib plus olaparib (arm C). The primary endpoint was the objective response rate.

Correction: Zhantlessova et al. Advanced "Green" Prebiotic Composite of Bacterial Cellulose/Pullulan Based on Synthetic Biology-Powered Microbial Coculture Strategy. 2022, , 3224.

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Differences in Associated Factors of Underweight and Overweight According to Rural-Urban Residence Strata among Ever-Married Non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Bangladesh.

Background: This study sought to compare the prevalence of underweight and overweight among ever-married, non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Bangladesh by urban or rural residency status.

Methods: This study used Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2017 data. Cross-sectional study design with two-stage stratified sampling method was employed.

Antibacterial Potential and Biocompatibility of Chitosan/Polycaprolactone Nanofibrous Membranes Incorporated with Silver Nanoparticles.

This study addresses the need for enhanced antimicrobial properties of electrospun membranes, either through surface modifications or the incorporation of antimicrobial agents, which are crucial for improved clinical outcomes. In this context, chitosan-a biopolymer lauded for its biocompatibility and extracellular matrix-mimicking properties-emerges as an excellent candidate for tissue regeneration. However, fabricating chitosan nanofibers via electrospinning often challenges the preservation of their structural integrity.

Microstructural, Electrical, and Tribomechanical Properties of Mo-W-C Nanocomposite Films.

This study investigates the phase composition, microstructure, and their influence on the properties of Mo-W-C nanocomposite films deposited by dual-source magnetron sputtering. The synthesised films consist of metal carbide nanograins embedded in an amorphous carbon matrix. It has been found that nanograins are composed of the hexagonal β-(Mo + W)C phase at a low carbon source power.

Intracerebral haemorrhage in multiple sclerosis: assessing the impact of disease-modifying medications.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder that significantly impacts the central nervous system, leading to a range of complications. While intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) is a rare but highly morbid complication, more common CNS complications include progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and other CNS infections. This severe form of stroke, known for its high morbidity and mortality rates, presents a critical challenge in the management of MS.

Sculpting the future: A narrative review of 3D printing in plastic surgery and prosthetic devices.

Background And Aims: The advent of 3D printing has revolutionized plastic surgery and prosthetic devices, providing personalized solutions for patients with traumatic injuries, deformities, and appearance-related conditions. This review offers a comprehensive overview of 3D printing's applications, advantages, limitations, and future prospects in these fields.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for studies on 3D printing in plastic surgery.

A Concise Review of the Components and Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites.

This article summarizes findings in the field of the history, composition, and mechanical properties of WPCs (wood-plastic composites) formed by combining two homogeneous substances, i.e., a polymer matrix with cellulose fibers in a certain ratio (with the addition of additives).

The neurosurgeon's familiarity with the vein of Rolando.

The vein of Rolando, also known as the central sulcal vein, is a critical superficial cerebral vein located in the central sulcus, playing a pivotal role in the venous drainage of the motor and sensory cortices. Named after the Italian anatomist Luigi Rolando, this vein serves as a crucial anatomical landmark in neurosurgery, guiding surgeons to approach critical brain structures with minimal damage. This article explores the anatomy and clinical significance of the vein of Rolando, emphasizing its role in neurosurgery and neuroimaging.

Sir William Macewen (1848-1924): Pioneering the Field of Neurosurgery with Early Breakthroughs in Tumor Resection.

Sir William Macewen, a Scottish surgeon, made significant contributions to neurosurgery, beginning with his successful brain tumor resection in 1879. Born in 1848, Macewen's upbringing in a maritime family fostered a practical approach to learning. Macewen's pivotal brain tumor surgery demonstrated his adherence to antiseptic practices and precise localization techniques.

Lingering challenges in malaria elimination efforts in sub-Saharan Africa: Insights and potential solutions.

Introduction: Between 2000 and 2015, significant gains were recorded in reducing the global burden of malaria due to enhanced global collaboration and increased funding. However, progress has stagnated post-2015, and the COVID-19 pandemic seems to have reversed some of these gains, necessitating a critical reevaluation of interventions. This paper aims to analyze the setbacks and offer recommendations for advancement in malaria control and prevention in sub-Saharan Africa.

Advancements in risk stratification and management strategies in primary cardiovascular prevention.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for advancements in risk assessment and management strategies. Although significant progress has been made recently, identifying and managing apparently healthy individuals at a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis and those with subclinical atherosclerosis still poses significant challenges. Traditional risk assessment tools have limitations in accurately predicting future events and fail to encompass the complexity of the atherosclerosis trajectory.