Oral self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems for enhancing bioavailability and anticancer potential of fosfestrol: In vitro and in vivo characterization.

Purpose: The objective of the current research work was to fabricate a fosfestrol (FST)-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to escalate the oral solubility and bioavailability and thereby the effectiveness of FST against prostate cancer.

Methods: 3 full factorial design was employed, and the effect of lipid and surfactant mixtures on percentage transmittance, time required for self-emulsification, and drug release were studied. The optimized solid FST-loaded SNEDDS (FSTNE) was characterized for in vitro anticancer activity and Caco-2 cell permeability, and in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters.

Success Rate of Growth Factors for Existing Periapical Lesions in Failed Endodontically Treated Teeth in Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: In this study, we investigated the success rate of growth factors for existing periapical lesions in failed endodontically treated teeth in an adult population by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Materials And Methods: We conducted an online data search based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analyses (PRISMA), from databases PUBMED, MEDLINE, and EMBASE, for the application of various types of growth factors in endodontically failed teeth with periapical lesions in adults. These included the "platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)," blood, etc.

Salivary alpha-amylase-biomarker for monitoring type II diabetes.

Background: Diabetes is one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. People having diabetes are vulnerable to infectious diseases and have been clinically recognized; which may be because of their deregulated immune system. Hyperglycemia in diabetes is consequence of chronic resistance to insulin and relative insulin deficiency on target cells.

Factors associated with mortality among moderate and severe patients with COVID-19 in India: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Large data on the clinical characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 in the Indian population are scarce. We analysed the factors associated with mortality in a cohort of moderately and severely ill patients with COVID-19 enrolled in a randomised trial on convalescent plasma.

Design: Secondary analysis of data from a Phase II, Open Label, Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma to Limit COVID-19 Associated Complications in Moderate Disease.

Coexistence of serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: does it exist?

We report a 21-year-old man with bipolar disorder who was on a stable dose of escitalopram and risperidone. Tramadol and cough syrup (dextromethorphan) were added for his recent attack of upper respiratory tract infection. However, he developed various neurological symptoms.

Comparative cytopathologic evaluation using acridine orange with Papanicolaou stain in psychoactive substances abusers with potentially malignant and malignant disorders.

Introduction: Oral cancer is a major health problem and its early detection is advantageous for therapeutic purposes. According to available evidence, the risks of oral malignancies increase with the usage of tobacco and other psychoactive substances (PSs). The present study showed expression pattern of nuclear and cytoplasmic changes from normal individuals without habit to oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in PS abusers with the help of fluorescence acridine orange (AO) stain and Papanicolaou (PAP) stain.

Causal inference and directed acyclic graph: An epidemiological concept much needed for oral submucous fibrosis.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), although already established as an oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), still stands over a weak bridge because of its controversial pathogenesis. There has been tremendous work on this disease since 1962, surprisingly, we are unsuccessful in finding the exact causation of OSMF. The potential cause for this is either a lack of systematically performed clinical observational studies or over-interpreted inferences of the presented results.

Reasons for Initiation of Areca Nut and Related Products in Patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis within an Endemic Area in Gujarat, India.

: While the patterns of consumption of areca nut and its by-products (ANBP) vary across South Asia and the rest of the world, all users share the probable severe outcome of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), and this is well reported. The role of psychosocial drivers of habit initiation and addiction is reported less. : To reveal the burden of ANBP abuse, exploring the psychosocial relationship between sex, age at first exposure (AFE), the reason for initiation (RFI) with the type of habit (TOH).

Antimalarial Phytochemicals Identification from against Plasmepsin Protease: an Approach.

Background: Aspartic protease found in plasmodium parasites such as plasmepsin I, II and IV plays an important role in the degradation of hemoglobin. The studies have shown that effective drug must be able to inhibit more than one type of plasmepsin to avoid further growth of parasites and to prevent resistance of drug. Therefore, plasmepsins are believed to be excellent drug target for malarial disease.

Caregiver's Sense of Coherence: A Predictor of Oral Health-Related Behaviors of Autistic Children in India.

Context: Sense of coherence (SOC) is hypothesized to be an important psychological factor that enables people to cope with stressors and successfully maintain and improve health.

Aim: This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the relationship between oral health-related behaviors of autistic children and SOC of their caregivers.

Settings And Design: An Exploratory cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the association of oral health-related behaviors of autistic children and their primary caregiver's sense of coherence in Vadodara city, Gujarat.

Comparison of diastolic function in children with transfusion dependent beta thalassemia major by tissue and conventional doppler imaging indices and its correlation with serum ferritin levels.

Nanjegowda CK, Kamath SP, Kamath P, Shah TD, Kulkarni V, Lashkari HP, Baliga BS. Comparison of diastolic function in children with transfusion dependent beta thalassemia major by tissue and conventional doppler imaging indices and its correlation with serum ferritin levels. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 250-259.

Oral submucous fibrosis: a contemporary narrative review with a proposed inter-professional approach for an early diagnosis and clinical management.

Oral Submucous fibrosis (OSMF) has traditionally been described as "a chronic, insidious, scarring disease of the oral cavity, often with involvement of the pharynx and the upper esophagus". Millions of individuals are affected, especially in South and South East Asian countries. The main risk factor is areca nut chewing.

Proposed clinical definition for oral submucous fibrosis.

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious, chronic, complex, crippling, debilitating, irreversible, progressive, scarring, potentially malignant and collagen metabolic disorder, induced by a known carcinogen areca nut; wherein the oral mucosa, and occasionally the pharynx and esophagus is subjected to various pathological changes with significant clinical manifestations at different stages of progression, leading to functional morbidity; and with a risk of malignant transformation in the overlying epithelium. Although the condition is mainly diagnosed based on classic clinical manifestations, the commonly used existing definition for oral submucous fibrosis is primarily based on histological features. The authors have conducted extensive clinical research studies on OSMF and intends to propose a new clinical definition as 'a debilitating, progressive, irreversible collagen metabolic disorder induced by chronic chewing of areca nut and its commercial preparations; affecting the oral mucosa and occasionally the pharynx and esophagus; leading to mucosal stiffness and functional morbidity; and has a potential risk of malignant transformation.

Sex determination from tooth pulp deoxyribonucleic acid using polymerase chain reaction.

Introduction: In this fast era of numerous unwanted disasters and because of the severely devastated and degenerated body remains, personal identification of unknown remains has become the most difficult and challenging task. In such instances, dental pulp plays a vital role in identification through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine sex from tooth pulp tissues by DNA analysis using polymerase chain reaction amplification method under different environmental conditions.

Meta-Analysis of the Role of Cangrelor for Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Inhibition of the P2Y12 receptor by an oral P2Y12 inhibitor with loading doses along with Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition by aspirin is considered a first-line treatment strategy in patients with the acute coronary syndrome and patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Limitations associated with oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors include a requirement for in vivo conversion (thienopyridines), delayed onset of action, suboptimal inhibition, irreversible inhibition (thienopyridines), and delayed offset. In the acute setting, therapy with potent platelet inhibitors that have a fast onset and offset is desirable to attenuate thrombotic complications.

A novel clinical protocol for therapeutic intervention in oral submucous fibrosis: An evidence based approach.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, progressive, debilitating, scarring and crippling disorder of the oral cavity. It is a potentially malignant oral disease which predominantly affects people of South and Southeast Asia, especially Indian subcontinent, where chewing of areca nut and its commercial preparation is rampant. However, due to increase in immigration of people from the Indian subcontinent, the health professionals in many developed countries do come across this disease very often.

Hemicrania Continua.

Hemicrania continua (HC) is an indomethacin responsive primary chronic headache disorder which is currently classified as a subtype of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs). It is not very uncommon. There are >1000 cases of HC in the literature, and it constitutes 1.

A Review on DNA Repair Inhibition by PARP Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy.

The DNA repair process protects the cells from DNA damaging agent by multiple pathways. Majority of the cancer therapy cause DNA damage which leads to apoptosis. The cell has natural ability to repair this damage which ultimately leads to development of resistance of drugs.

Hemicrania continua: clinical review, diagnosis and management.

Hemicrania continua (HC) is an indomethacin-responsive primary headache disorder which is currently classified under the heading of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs). It is a highly misdiagnosed and underreported primary headache. The pooled mean delay of diagnosis of HC is 8.

Morphometric analysis of mandibular ramus for sex determination on digital orthopantomogram.

Background: Identification of sex from skeletal remains is an important tool in forensic science. Mandibular ramus can be used for sex determination either on dry mandible or through orthopantomogram (OPG).

Aim: To determine the sex from mandibular ramus using digital OPG.

Patient Centered Outcomes in Periodontal Treatment-An Evidenced Based Approach.

Transformation of research into clinical practice is the most challenging step in evidence based dental practice. Designing the most reliable research with applicable endpoint evaluation is very important as it can lead to successful research outcomes that can be accepted in clinical practice. In the periodontal research few accepted endpoints are used frequently as they are believed to be the gold standard in measuring the periodontal disease and the treatment outcomes.

Determination of role of ceruloplasmin in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral malignancy-A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: In the process of carcinogenesis, lipid peroxidation and increased oxidative stress lead to changes in certain antioxidants. This study was aimed to assess and co-relate serum levels of ceruloplasmin in oral premalignancies and oral cancer so as to gauge its possible association with the process of carcinogenesis and to determine its role as tumor marker.

Material And Methods: The study population comprised of 300 participants, equally divided into six study groups, that is, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), oral leukoplakia (OL), nicotina stomatitis (NS), oral malignancy (OM), controls (C), and healthy controls (HC); 5 ml of blood was collected from ante cubital vein from each participant.