Assessment of severity and mortality of COVID-19 with anti-A1 and anti-B IgM isohaemagglutinins, a reflection of the innate immune status.

Aims: The relationship between the innate immune system that creates the polysaccharide antibody response and COVID-19 is not fully understood. In this study, it was aimed to determine the predictive values of isohaemagglutinins in COVID-19 severity/mortality.

Methods: Approximately 15 440 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were examined, and a total of 286 patients with anti-B and anti-A1 IgM isohaemagglutinins test results were randomly enrolled in the study.

Fixed drug eruption after pentavalent diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus and type b combined vaccine in an infant.

In Turkey, diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus and type b (DTaP-IPV-Hib) vaccine has been administered to all children in the second, fourth, sixth and 18th months within the scope of the national vaccination programme. Here we present a rare case of fixed drug eruption (FDE) that occurred as a result of the administration of a pentavalent DTaP-IPV-Hib combined vaccine in a 4-month-old girl. There was no history of taking any other medication before or when the lesion appeared.

A meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance rates in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in blood cultures in Turkey between 2007 and 2017.

Objective: The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has remained stable in recent years, and resistant strains has increased dramatically. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to analyze the P. aeruginosa strains isolated from blood cultures in Turkey during the last 11 years and to reveal their antimicrobial susceptibility.

Comparison of USG-guided or landmark approach fascia iliaca compartment block for positioning in elderly hip fracture patients with spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled observational study.

Background/aim: Currently, the elderly population in the world is rapidly increasing due to technological developments and convenient access to health services. Due to comorbidities in elderly patients, hip fractures are frequently observed after exposure to environmental trauma. To reduce pain during positioning in spinal anesthesia, fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) can be applied easily and reliably.

Investigation of the prevalence of hand eczema among healthcare professionals in Turkey: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Hand eczema is one of the common occupational dermatoses, having high prevalence among healthcare professionals (HCP). We found no epidemiological data in the literature concerning the prevalence of hand eczema among HCP in Turkey.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of hand eczema among HCP in Turkey and to determine the demographic characteristics and risk factors that cause eczema.

Pagetoid dyskeratosis with a palmar localization: Rapid resolution following biopsy.

Background: Pagetoid dyskeratosis (PD), which is found in more than 2% of skin biopsy specimens, is accepted as a histopathological finding reflecting the abnormal keratinization process. However, to date, only a limited number of cases have been described to have brown pigmentation on the hands, triggered by friction, and present with pagetoid dyskeratosis as the only sign on histopathology and a parallel ridge pattern on dermoscopy.

Aim: To present and discuss the typical clinical, histopathological, and dermoscopic features of pagetoid dyskeratosis, and to draw attention to the spontaneous resolution following biopsy.

A combination of levosimendan and N-Acetylcysteine shows significant favorable efficacy on experimental liver ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is cellular damage that emerges from re-oxygenation of a hypoxic organ. In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of a combination of levosimendan, an inotropic agent, and N-Acetylcysteine, the precursor of antioxidants and glutathione, in an experimental liver IRI model.

Methods: In this study, 38 rats were randomly divided into five groups.

Does conventional laser photocoagulation still have a place in the treatment of diabetic macular edema?

The study aimed to investigate the long-term efficacy of conventional laser photocoagulation in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. In this retrospective study, the records of patients presented with diabetic macular edema (DME) and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy were reviewed. DME defined as clinically significant macular edema was treated by using argon green or yellow dye laser with focal, grid, and modified grid techniques according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study parameters.

The role of preoperative ultrasound in the diagnosis of penile fractures and the effect of tunica defect length on postoperative functional outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the rate of tunica defect detection by postoperative penile ultrasound (US) and the effect of tunica defect length (TDL) on functional outcomes.

Methods: Forty-six patients who underwent early penile fracture surgery in our hospital between July 2010 and December 2018 were included in the study. Each diagnosis was made via history, physical examination and US.

Serious complications in COVID-19 ARDS cases: pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema and haemothorax.

The novel coronavirus identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our aim in this study is to assess the incidence of life-threatening complications like pneumothorax, haemothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema, probable risk factors and effect on mortality in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) ARDS patients treated with mechanical ventilation (MV). Data from 96 adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit with COVID-19 ARDS diagnosis from 11 March to 31 July 2020 were retrospectively assessed.

Do nonobese patients with Behçet's disease have insulin resistance?

Background: Some studies have investigated the relationship between Behçet's disease (BD) and insulin resistance; however, since they did not exclude obese patients from their sample, it remains unclear whether BD itself causes insulin resistance independently of obesity.

Methods: The study included 60 patients with BD and 45 age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls. Obese patients with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m² were excluded.

The association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with carotid artery stenting.

Objectives: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a life-threatening complication that leads to comorbidities and prolonged hospital stay lengths in the setting of peripheral interventions. The presence of some CI-AKI risk factors has already been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the predictors of CI-AKI after carotid artery stenting.

Anatomical effects of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections on inner layers of the lesion-free retina.

Purpose: The primary aim of the study was to investigate the effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections on the inner retinal layer anatomy of the lesion-free retina in eyes treated for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). The secondary aim was to compare the changes of inner retinal layers in the lesion-free region of treated eyes with the same region of the untreated, fellow eyes and, thus, to elucidate any adverse effect of anti-VEGF treatments independently of 1-year aging changes.

Methods: This was a retrospective, longitudinal, case-control study of 50 eyes of 25 patients.

Subcutaneous emphysema after intralesional cryotherapy: An unusual complication.

Background: Intralesional cryotherapy (ILC) is a safe and well tolerated by the patient. Subcutaneous emphysema (SE) cases after spray and contact cryotherapy have been described; however, this complication has not been previously reported after ILC.

Aim: Our aim is to discuss the possible causes of SE development after ILC.

The assessment of the effect of different intraabdominal pressures used for laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery on optic nerve sheath diameter: a prospective observational cohort study.

Background/aim: During laparoscopic cholecystectomy operations, increases in intraabdominal, intrathoracic, and intracranial pressures (ICP) can be seen after pneumoperitoneum created for surgical imaging. Orbital ultrasonography (USG), which has been developed in recent years, is a method that can evaluate the ICP by measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) from the eyeball. In our study, we aimed to evaluate whether different intraabdominal pressure values created during laparoscopic cholecystectomy operations correlate with ICP by measuring ONSD.

In-hospital and short-term predictors of mortality in patients with intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-hospital and short-term predictive factors of mortality in intermediate-high risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients with right ventricle (RV)dysfunction and myocardial injury. In this retrospective study, the medical records of 187 patients with a diagnosis of intermediate high risk acute PE were evaluated. A contrast-enhanced multi-detector pulmonary angiography was used to confirm diagnosis in all cases.

Is prognostic nutritional index a predictive marker for estimating all-cause in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular risk factors?

Background: This study examined the possible association between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and in-hospital mortality rates in cases with a high cardiovascular risk burden and hospitalized with the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material And Methods: This retrospective and cross-sectional study included 294 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a tertiary referral pandemic center. The study cohort was grouped into tertiles based on the initial PNI values as T1, T2, and T3.

Mortality analysis of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis and renal transplant patients compared with patients without kidney disease: a nationwide analysis from Turkey.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and immunosuppression, such as in renal transplantation (RT), stand as one of the established potential risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Case morbidity and mortality rates for any type of infection have always been much higher in CKD, haemodialysis (HD) and RT patients than in the general population. A large study comparing COVID-19 outcome in moderate to advanced CKD (Stages 3-5), HD and RT patients with a control group of patients is still lacking.

Somatosensory dysfunction related neuropathic pain component affects disease activity, functional status and quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis.

Aim: To investigate the neuropathic pain (NP) component in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to assess the relations between NP and disease characteristics.

Methods: Eighty participants were included in this study. Demographic properties, duration of disease, laboratory values and clinical assessments (visual analog scale [VAS], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index [BASFI], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index [BASMI], Short Form [SF]-36 questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]) were recorded.

Long-term follow-up effect of omalizumab in chronic spontaneous urticaria and its association with serum C-reactive protein levels.

This study aims to determine the efficacy of omalizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti-immunoglobulin E antibody, in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) refractory to conventional therapy, together with the evaluation of serum CRP levels. All the patients with a diagnosis of CSU who were continuously treated with omalizumab (300 mg/mo) for at least 3 months between June 2016 and July 2019 were included in this study. Urticaria activity score (UAS-7) was used for assessment of disease activity.