Prognostic Factors for Outcomes of Allogeneic HSCT for Children and Adolescents/Young Adults With CML in the TKI Era.

The breakthrough effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have lessened indications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, HSCT is still attractive for children and adolescents/young adults (AYAs) requiring lifelong TKI therapy. Nevertheless, little has been reported on the outcomes of large clinical studies of HSCT targeting these age groups.

Discontinuation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia.

Background: The feasibility of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) discontinuation in pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains to be fully elucidated.

Procedures: TKI was prospectively discontinued in patients who were diagnosed with CML at <20 years of age, treated with TKI for ≥3 years, and sustained molecular response 4.0 (MR4.

The gel immersion method and an endoscope with an attached balloon and a cylindrical hood facilitate hemostasis of post-papillectomy bleeding.

Yuki and colleagues report a case of successful endoscopic hemostasis of post-papillectomy bleeding with the gel immersion method and an endoscope with an attached balloon and a cylindrical hood. The visual field was improved with gel and maneuverability was improved using the cylindrical hood and the semi-inflating balloon.

Elderly onset congenital hepatic fibrosis with portal hypertension diagnosed after recurrent cholangitis: a case report.

Congenital hepatic fibrosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by ductal plate malformation that can manifest as hepatic fibrosis alone or as a component in various fibropolycystic diseases including renal involvement. It is often diagnosed early in life, presenting with ascites and esophageal variceal bleeding due to non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Here, we report a rare case of congenital hepatic fibrosis with portal hypertension diagnosed at an advanced age.

Machine-Learning Approaches for Predicting the Need of Oxygen Therapy in Early-Stage COVID-19 in Japan: Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: Early prediction of oxygen therapy in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is vital for triage. Several machine-learning prognostic models for COVID-19 are currently available. However, external validation of these models has rarely been performed.

Combined Treatment With Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Endovascular Therapy for Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia - Study Protocol for the HOTFOOT Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is regarded as one of the therapeutic options added to standard care to improve lower-limb outcomes in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). However, the current guidelines specify that HBOT should not be offered instead of revascularization to prevent limb loss in CLTI patients. The aim of the HOTFOOT study is to examine the impact of HBOT on wound healing in CLTI patients after successful endovascular therapy (EVT).

Pneumonia Caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Influenza Virus: A Multicenter Comparative Study.

Background: Detailed differences in clinical information between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia (CP), which is the main phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 disease, and influenza pneumonia (IP) are still unclear.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted by including patients with CP who were hospitalized between January and June 2020 and a retrospective cohort of patients with IP hospitalized from 2009 to 2020. We compared the clinical presentations and studied the prognostic factors of CP and IP.

Chronic hypoxia exacerbates diabetic glomerulosclerosis through mesangiolysis and podocyte injury in db/db mice.

Background: Chronic hypoxia may play a pivotal role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the precise mechanisms underlying progressive hypoxia-induced glomerular injury remain unclear.

Methods: We housed db/db mice in a hypoxia chamber (12% O2) for up to 16 weeks beginning at 8 weeks of age.

Analytical and clinical validation of rapid chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for urinary thioredoxin, an oxidative stress-dependent early biomarker of acute kidney injury.

Background: Oxidative stress is now recognized to be an important therapeutic target in kidney diseases. However, there are currently no biomarkers that can be used clinically to diagnose renal oxidative stress.

Methods: A rapid assay system for urinary thioredoxin 1, an oxidative stress-dependent biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI), was developed as a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay and validated analytically and clinically.

Point-of-care procalcitonin may predict the need for surgical treatment in patients with small bowel obstruction.

Background: The early identification of patients with small bowel obstruction who require surgical treatment could potentially lead to improved patient outcomes. We evaluated the efficacy of point-of-care procalcitonin for predicting surgical treatment among patients with small bowel obstruction.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study.

Topical application of magnesium to prevent intubation-related sore throat in adult surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative sore throat negatively affects patient satisfaction and recovery. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the efficacy of preoperative topical administration of magnesium sulfate in preventing postoperative sore throat in adult patients.

Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to 6 October, 2018.

Cesarean section predominantly affects right ventricular diastolic function during the early transitional period.

Background: Although the mode of delivery is well known to affect pulmonary function, the effects of a cesarean delivery on postnatal changes in cardiac mechanics have not been clearly defined.

Methods: To evaluate whether delivery mode influences cardiac function in the early transitional period, 42 infants delivered by cesarean section (CS) and 110 by vaginal delivery (VD) were enrolled, and they underwent serial echocardiography at 0, 1, 2, and 5 days of age. Longitudinal changes in ejection fraction (EF), fractional area change (FAC), mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), Tei index, ratio of peak early diastolic flow velocity (E) to peak early diastolic annular velocity (e') (E/e'), and deceleration time (DcT) were compared between the two groups.

Preoperative intravenous dexamethasone prevents tracheal intubation-related sore throat in adult surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative sore throat related to tracheal intubation negatively affects patient recovery and satisfaction. Previous reviews suggested that intravenous dexamethasone diminishes postoperative sore throat. Nevertheless, they comprised a small number of studies with inconsistencies in outcome reporting.

Aerosolized corticosteroids to prevent postoperative sore throat in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative sore throat negatively affects patient recovery and satisfaction levels. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of aerosolized corticosteroids in the prevention of postoperative sore throat in adults undergoing tracheal intubation for surgery.

Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for eligible studies from inception to 13 May 2018.

Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for independent walking function in maintenance hemodialysis patients: A single-facility retrospective cohort study.

Aim: The target Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) for patients on chronic maintenance hemodialysis is unclear. We aimed to determine the relationship between the GNRI and independent walking ability in such patients.

Methods: In the present retrospective cohort study, 90 patients receiving chronic maintenance hemodialysis were included.

Localized Right Subclavian Artery Dissection Detected by Accident on an Ultrasound Examination: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Right subclavian artery dissection was detected in a 78-year-old female victim of the Kumamoto earthquake during a carotid artery ultrasound examination. She was subsequently taken to hospital and diagnosed with localized subclavian artery dissection (LSAD) by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. There have been no previous reports of LSAD detected at a medical checkup.

Anticoagulation Therapy for Venous Thromboembolism in the Real World - From the COMMAND VTE Registry.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has a long-term risk of recurrence, which can be prevented by anticoagulation therapy.

Methods and results: The COMMAND VTE Registry is a multicenter registry enrolling 3,027 consecutive patients with acute symptomatic VTE between January 2010 and August 2014. The entire cohort was divided into the transient risk (n=855, 28%), unprovoked (n=1,477, 49%), and cancer groups (n=695, 23%).

Topical application of corticosteroids to tracheal tubes to prevent postoperative sore throat in adults undergoing tracheal intubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Postoperative sore throat negatively affects patient satisfaction and recovery. Numerous randomised trials have tested the efficacy of corticosteroids applied to tracheal tubes to prevent postoperative sore throat. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Wanfang Database, and the China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database from inception to 7 December 2017.

Topical benzydamine hydrochloride for prevention of postoperative sore throat in adults undergoing tracheal intubation for elective surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Postoperative sore throat has a negative impact on patient satisfaction and recovery. Benzydamine hydrochloride is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug available for topical use. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of topical application of benzydamine to prevent postoperative sore throat in adults undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia.

Isolation of ESBL-producing Bacteria from Sputum in Community-acquired Pneumonia or Healthcare-associated Pneumonia Does Not Indicate the Need for Antibiotics with Activity against This Class.

Objective In the past decade, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria have increasingly frequently been isolated from various kinds of clinical specimens. However, the appropriate treatment of pneumonia in which ESBL-producing bacteria are isolated from sputum culture is poorly understood. To investigate whether or not ESBL-producing bacteria isolated from sputum in pneumonia cases should be treated as the causative bacteria.