[The issues behind solitary deaths of older people in central Tokyo].

Objectives　The purpose of this study was to clarify the issues behind the increasing number of solitary deaths of older people in central Tokyo.Methods　In this study a request was made to the national government for information on the 2016 vital statistics survey of ward A, one of the 23 wards of Tokyo. The entries in the death forms do not distinguish between death and post-mortem certificates.

[Difficulties and solutions related to the experience of developing a new project by Japanese municipal public health nurses according to their seniority].

Objectives: Public health nurses (PHNs) have to regularly develop new projects that actively solve community health problems. The purpose of this study was to clarify the difficulties encountered by PHNs while developing a new project and their solutions for them. We also aimed to examine the effect of experience of Japanese PHNs in developing new projects, according to their seniority.

Strategies for assessing the feasibility to develop new needs-oriented services by public health nurses.

Aim: To explore the strategies that public health nurses use to assess the feasibility of creating new services.

Background: Although creating a needs-oriented service is a core competency of public health nurses, the practical approaches taken to assess the feasibility of developing new projects are unclear.

Design: Ten Japanese public health nurses were interviewed using Yin's Case Study Method.

[Factors related to experience of project development processes by municipal public health nurses in Japan].

Purpose: Public health nurses (PHNs) need to develop new projects to solve community health problems as an active strategy. The purpose of this study was to clarify how many Japanese PHNs actually have experience of project development process, and to examine related factors.

Method: By using random-sampling, we chose 374 municipalities from a total of 1,871 that would not consolidate with their neighbours in 2005, and obtained cooperation from 305.

Function and practice of public health nursing in Japan: a trial to develop the Japanese Purpose-Focused Public Health Nursing Model.

Aim: To clarify the significance of public health nurses' practice, we introduced the activities of Japanese public health nurses and tried to develop a model based on the purpose of their work.

Background: Despite international efforts toward clarifying public health nurses' practice, earlier models based on the purpose of their activities were underdeveloped.

Method: Japanese terms describing public health nurses' activities were gathered from the literature, nine researchers analysed and brainstormed the activities to develop a model.