Differential response of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat to interactive effects of elevated [CO] and low phosphorus.

Hexaploid wheat is more responsive than tetraploid to the interactive effects of elevated [CO] and low P in terms of carboxylate efflux, enzyme activity and gene expression (TaPT1 and TaPAP). Availability of mineral nutrients to plants under changing climate has become a serious challenge to food security and economic development. An understanding of how elevated [CO] influences phosphorus (P) acquisition processes at the whole-plant level would be critical in selecting cultivars as well as to maintain optimum yield in limited-P conditions.

The Challenge of Analyzing the Sugarcane Genome.

Reference genome sequences have become key platforms for genetics and breeding of the major crop species. Sugarcane is probably the largest crop produced in the world (in weight of crop harvested) but lacks a reference genome sequence. Sugarcane has one of the most complex genomes in crop plants due to the extreme level of polyploidy.

assembly and characterizing of the culm-derived meta-transcriptome from the polyploid sugarcane genome based on coding transcripts.

Sugarcane biomass has been used for sugar, bioenergy and biomaterial production. The majority of the sugarcane biomass comes from the culm, which makes it important to understand the genetic control of biomass production in this part of the plant. A meta-transcriptome of the culm was obtained in an earlier study by using about one billion paired-end (150 bp) reads of deep RNA sequencing of samples from 20 diverse sugarcane genotypes and combining assemblies from different assemblers and different settings.

Identification and Functional Characterization of Sugarcane Invertase Inhibitor (): A Potential Candidate for Reducing Pre- and Post-harvest Loss of Sucrose in Sugarcane.

In sugarcane, invertase enzymes play a key role in sucrose accumulation and are also involved in futile reactions where sucrose is continuously degraded during the pre- and post-harvest period, thereby reducing sugar yield and recovery. Invertase inhibitor (INVINH) proteins play a key role in post-translation regulation of plant invertases through which sucrose hydrolysis is controlled. INVINH proteins are small (18 kDa) members of the pectin methylesterase inhibitor superfamily and they are moderately conserved across plants.

CfPDIP1, a novel secreted protein of Colletotrichum falcatum, elicits defense responses in sugarcane and triggers hypersensitive response in tobacco.

Colletotrichum falcatum, a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen, causes one of the major devastating diseases of sugarcane-red rot. C. falcatum secretes a plethora of molecular signatures that might play a crucial role during its interaction with sugarcane.

Differential gene expression profiling through transcriptome approach of L. under low temperature stress reveals genes potentially involved in cold acclimation.

Sugarcane ( sp.) is predominantly grown in both tropics and subtropics in India, and the subtropics alone contribute more than half of sugarcane production. Sugarcane active growth period in subtropics is restricted to 8-9 months mainly due to winter's low temperature stress prevailing during November to February every year.

Transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly in arecanut, L elucidates the secondary metabolite pathway genes.

L. belongs to the Arecaceae family which comprises many economically important palms. The palm is a source of alkaloids and carotenoids.

Association of variation in the sugarcane transcriptome with sugar content.

Background: Sugarcane is a major crop of the tropics cultivated mainly for its high sucrose content. The crop is genetically less explored due to its complex polyploid genome. Sucrose synthesis and accumulation are complex processes influenced by physiological, biochemical and genetic factors, and the growth environment.

First report of lily mottle virus on lily ( sp.) in southern India.

Lily samples collected from commercial cut flower growing field at Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India were serologically tested through direct antigen coating-ELISA and dot immuno binding assay for the infection of potyvirus through potyvirus group specific polyclonal antibody. The RT-PCR using potyvirus universal degenerate primers (PNIbF1/PCPR1) showed the presence of a potyvirus and the sequencing results showed the association of lily mottle virus (LMoV). Further LMoV was confirmed by RT-PCR amplification using newly designed primer pair covering entire coat protein gene and sequence results showed 100% nucleotide identity with the LMoV reported from South Korean.

Construction of a novel synthetic root-specific promoter and its characterization in transgenic tobacco plants.

Synthetic promoter technology offers a framework for designing expression cassettes that could provide precise control of transgene expression. Such artificially designed promoters enable defined transgene regulation, reduce unwanted background expression, and can overcome homology-dependent gene silencing in transgenic plants. In the present study, a synthetic root-specific module was designed using characterized cis-acting elements, fused with minimal promoter (86 bp) from PortUbi882 promoter, and cloned in pCAMBIA1305.

Comparative secretome analysis of Colletotrichum falcatum identifies a cerato-platanin protein (EPL1) as a potential pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) inducing systemic resistance in sugarcane.

Unlabelled: Colletotrichum falcatum, an intriguing hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen causes red rot, a devastating disease of sugarcane. Repeated in vitro subculturing of C. falcatum under dark condition alters morphology and reduces virulence of the culture.

A survey of the complex transcriptome from the highly polyploid sugarcane genome using full-length isoform sequencing and de novo assembly from short read sequencing.

Background: Despite the economic importance of sugarcane in sugar and bioenergy production, there is not yet a reference genome available. Most of the sugarcane transcriptomic studies have been based on Saccharum officinarum gene indices (SoGI), expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and de novo assembled transcript contigs from short-reads; hence knowledge of the sugarcane transcriptome is limited in relation to transcript length and number of transcript isoforms.

Results: The sugarcane transcriptome was sequenced using PacBio isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) of a pooled RNA sample derived from leaf, internode and root tissues, of different developmental stages, from 22 varieties, to explore the potential for capturing full-length transcript isoforms.

In vitro secretomic analysis identifies putative pathogenicity-related proteins of Sporisorium scitamineum - The sugarcane smut fungus.

Sporisorium scitamineum, the sugarcane smut pathogen, relies predominantly on its secretome to successfully colonise its host, in accordance with other related smut fungi. Considering the significance of deciphering its secretome, we have examined alterations in the in vitro secretome of S. scitamineum in response to synthetic and sugarcane meristem tissue-amended growth media, so as to identify host signal responsive secretory proteins.

Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of Lignin Genes from Sugarcane Genotypes Varying in Lignin Content.

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is one of the highest biomass-producing plant and the best lignocellulosic feedstock for ethanol production. To achieve more efficient conversion of biomass to ethanol, a better understanding of the main factors affecting biomass recalcitrance is needed.

Dissipation behavior of phorate and its toxic metabolites in the sandy clay loam soil of a tropical sugarcane ecosystem using a single-step sample preparation method and GC-MS.

The dissipation of phorate in the sandy clay loam soil of tropical sugarcane ecosystem was studied by employing a single-step sample preparation method and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The limit of quantification of the method was 0.01 μg/g.

De novo sequencing and transcriptome analysis of a low temperature tolerant Saccharum spontaneum clone IND 00-1037.

Saccharum spontaneum L., a wild relative of sugarcane, is known for its adaptability to environmental stresses, particularly cold stress. In the present study, an attempt was made for transcriptome profiling of the low temperature (10°C) tolerant S.

Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of coconut root wilt disease and arecanut yellow leaf disease phytoplasma.

The coconut root wilt disease (RWD) and the arecanut yellow leaf disease (YLD) are two major phytoplasma associated diseases affecting palms in South India. Greatly debilitating the palm health, these diseases cause substantial yield reduction and economic loss to farmers. A rapid and robust diagnostic technique is crucial in efficient disease management.

Development, validation and application of a sensitive analytical method for residue determination and dissipation of imidacloprid in sugarcane under tropical field condition.

A simple and sensitive analytical method has been developed and validated for the determination of trace amounts of imidacloprid in/on sugarcane sett, stalk and leaf. The method optimized in the present study requires less volume of organic solvent and time. Hence, this method is suitable for high-throughput analyses involving large number of samples.

Development and validation of a multiresidue method for the simultaneous determination of organophosphorus insecticides and their toxic metabolites in sugarcane juice and refined sugar by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection.

A multiresidue method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of organophosphorus insecticides and their toxic metabolites in sugarcane juice and refined sugar by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Limits of quantification of the method varied between 0.007 and 0.

Draft Genome Sequence of Colletotrichum falcatum - A Prelude on Screening of Red Rot Pathogen in Sugarcane.

Colletotrichum falcatum, a concealed fungal ascomycete causes red rot, which is a serious disease in sugarcane. It infects economically important stalk tissues, considered as store house of sugar in sugarcane. The study is to find genetic complexities of C.

Proteomic analysis of a compatible interaction between sugarcane and Sporisorium scitamineum.

Smut caused by Sporisorium scitamineum is one of the important diseases of sugarcane with global significance. Despite the intriguing nature of sugarcane, S. scitamineum interaction, several pertinent aspects remain unexplored.

A novel PR10 promoter from Erianthus arundinaceus directs high constitutive transgene expression and is enhanced upon wounding in heterologous plant systems.

In genetic engineering, inducible promoters play an important role as the expression of genes driven by them can be turned on or off under situations like biotic or abiotic factors. There are few reports on inducible promoters that can be employed in the development of transgenic plants, particularly in sugarcane. In the present study, four wound inducible genes (Chitinase, PR1A, PR10 and HRGP) were selected and were amplified from Erianthus arundinaceus, a distant relative of sugarcane.

Persistence and dissipation kinetics of chlorantraniliprole 0.4G in the soil of tropical sugarcane ecosystem.

Chlorantraniliprole 0.4 % GR has been in use for managing early shoot borer and top borer of sugarcane. Persistence and dissipation kinetics of granular formulation of chlorantraniliprole were studied in the soil of tropical sugarcane ecosystem by employing simple and sensitive analytical method.

Quantification of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in sugarcane following transmission through aphid vector, Melanaphis sacchari.

Yellow leaf caused by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) is a serious constraint to sugarcane production in India and currently the disease epidemics occur on many of the susceptible varieties under field conditions. Studies were conducted on the virus transmission by sugarcane aphid Melanaphis sacchari in sugarcane by inoculating virus-free meristem derived from micro- propagated plants of sugarcane cv Co 86032 with viruliferous aphids. Virus transmission was confirmed through RT-PCR assays and subsequently SCYLV population was established through RT-qPCR.

Biology and management of sugarcane yellow leaf virus: an historical overview.

Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) is one of the most widespread viruses causing disease in sugarcane worldwide. The virus has been responsible for drastic economic losses in most sugarcane-growing regions and remains a major concern for sugarcane breeders. Infection with SCYLV results in intense yellowing of the midrib, which extends to the leaf blade, followed by tissue necrosis from the leaf tip towards the leaf base.