Introducing outcome-based education in obstetrics and gynaecology training: Perspectives of trainees and trainers.

Background And Aims: Outcome-based education (OBE) focuses on clearly defined learner goals, offering a structured framework to achieve competency. This study explores the perspectives of trainees and trainers in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G) in Ireland regarding facilitators, barriers, and challenges to implementing OBE.

Methods: A national cross-sectional survey was distributed to O&G trainees and trainers in Ireland.

Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for pain control in outpatient hysteroscopy: A systematic review.

Background: Outpatient hysteroscopy (OPH) is an important diagnostic and therapeutic intervention in gynaecology. However, the most common reason for failure is pain. Currently, there is no consensus regarding analgesia for OPH amongst the literature.

Causal association between gut microbiome and polycystic ovary syndrome: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Through implementing a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study, the causal effects between gut microbiome and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were analyzed. Summary statistics for PCOS were acquired from the FinnGen consortium R8 release data, which included 27,943 cases and 162,936 controls. The inverse-variance weighting (IVW) method was adopted for analysis.

Abstracts of the 16th European Congress of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology .

PAG aims to foster a collaborative environment that bridges knowledge from various disciplines to ensure the highest quality of care for children and adolescents with gynaecological issues. The European Association of PAG and HellenicPAG, like all National PAG Societies, support research and education to advance new insights, improve health outcomes, enhance quality of life, and protect future fertility. Additionally, PAG promotes international cooperation by proposing guidelines for good clinical practice in terms of prevention, diagnosis, procedures, and treatment.

Early life acute infections and risk for cow's milk protein allergy or atopic dermatitis at 6 months of age in high risk for allergy infants.

Background: Early life infections (ELIs), encompassing both viral and bacterial types, occur within the first six months of life. Influenced by genetic host factors and environmental conditions, the relationship between ELIs and subsequent allergic manifestations, particularly cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and atopic dermatitis (AD), is complex and not fully understood.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to examine the potential interplay between nutrition, infections, and allergic manifestations in the first six months of life in infants with a family history of allergies, who were either exclusively breastfed (EBF) or fed a combination of breast milk and standard (SF) or partially hydrolyzed infant formula (pHF).

Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in pregnancy: a case series and review.

Background: Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a syndrome of cyclic nausea and vomiting in the setting of chronic cannabis use. To date, only 11 cases of CHS in pregnancy have been reported.

Case Presentation: We describe two cases of uncontrolled vomiting in pregnancy due to CHS.

Recent Trends in Medical Management of Endometriosis.

Endometriosis affects about 10 percent women in the reproductive age group globally and approximately 42 million in India. Managing the patient's pain symptoms associated with endometriosis appears to be the cornerstone in endometriosis disease management. The ideal medical treatment in endometriosis would be suppressing estradiol enough to alleviate symptoms of endometriosis but maintain sufficient levels to mitigate hypoestrogenic side effects.

Cerebral vein thrombosis: management tactics with a focus on pregnancy, the use of hormone therapy and assisted reproductive technologies.

Cerebral vein thrombosis is a rare, life-threatening condition that has now become more commonly diagnosed due to advancements in imaging techniques. Our purpose is to improve understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis and pregnancy and IVF management in patients with a history of cerebral thrombosis. We present an overview of the modern tactics of anticoagulant therapy for cerebral thrombosis with a focus on pregnancy, the use of hormone therapy, and assisted reproductive technologies.

Clinical predictors of disease severity in oral lichen planus.

Background: The limited understanding of factors influencing the disease progression of oral lichen planus (OLP) poses challenges in delivering effective and personalised treatment for this condition, known to increase the risk of oral cancer and adversely impact patient quality of life.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically identify clinical predictors of disease severity in OLP patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional and single-site prospective study was conducted between December 2021 and February 2024 in the Departments of Oral Medicine and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary.

Magnesium sulfate for fetal neuroprotection in preterm labor: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Antenatal magnesium sulfate has been reported to reduce the risk of neurological impairment in fetuses born to women at risk of preterm labor. However, the evidence to support its use is conflicting. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of magnesium sulfate in women at risk of preterm labor as new research is available from RCTs giving insights into MgSO4 treatment among differing gestational age groups.

Observed Effects on Very Early Pregnancy Linked to Ambient PM Exposure in China among Women Undergoing Fertilization-Embryo Transfer.

The adverse effect of ambient PM exposure on very early pregnancy (VEP) remains controversial among epidemiological studies but is supported by toxicological evidence. We adopted a multicenter retrospective cohort of 141,040 cycles to evaluate the effect of PM exposure on the VEP using the fertilization and embryo transfer platform and high-resolution PM data in China. We first investigated the association between PM exposure 1 week before and 1 week after the embryo transfer date and VEP.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals That C5AR1 in Follicle Monocyte Cells Could Predict the Development of POI.

Purpose: To investigate the follicle microenvironments of women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), with normal ovarian reserve function, and who are older (age >40 years) and to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Patients And Methods: In total, 9 women who underwent in vitro fertilization(IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) were included in this study. The first punctured follicle of each patient was used.

Cervical ripening at home or in hospital during induction of labour: the CHOICE prospective cohort study, process evaluation and economic analysis.

Background: Around one in three pregnant women undergoes induction of labour in the United Kingdom, usually preceded by in-hospital cervical ripening to soften and open the cervix.

Objectives: This study set out to determine whether cervical ripening at home is within an acceptable safety margin of cervical ripening in hospital, is effective, acceptable and cost-effective from both National Health Service and service user perspectives.

Design: The CHOICE study comprised a prospective multicentre observational cohort study using routinely collected data (CHOICE cohort), a process evaluation comprising a survey and nested case studies (qCHOICE) and a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Embedding the patient voice into research on spontaneous preterm birth-themes from a Preterm Birth Advisory Council.

Background: Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) has a deep immediate impact on patients but also alters their care and experience in subsequent pregnancies. There is an absence of the pregnant patient's voice in the research surrounding pregnancy at risk of sPTB.

Materials/methods: The Preterm Birth Advisory Council was established at the National Maternity Hospital (NMH) in January 2023, to introduce and embed the patient voice in research into sPTB prevention.

Preterm-birth-prevention with Lactobacillus crispatus oral probiotics: Protocol for a double blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial (the PrePOP study).

Introduction: Effective spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) prevention is an urgent unmet clinical need. Vaginal depletion of Lactobacillus crispatus is linked to sPTB. This trial will investigate impact of an oral Lactobacillus spp.

Selective or routine face mask application for breathing support of preterm infants at birth: a randomised trial.

Background: Most preterm infants breathe spontaneously at birth. Despite this, the majority have a face mask immediately applied for breathing support. Face mask application may inhibit spontaneous breathing in newborn infants.

Relationship between prenatal ultrasound signs and genetic abnormalities for fetal malformations of cortical development.

To explore the relationship between ultrasound signs of suspected fetal malformation of cortical development (MCD) and genetic MCD.The retrospective study involved fetuses with one of the following 10 neurosonography (NSG) signs: (A) abnormal development of the Sylvian fissure; (B) delayed achievement of cortical milestones; (C) premature or aberrant appearance of sulcation; (D) irregular border of the ventricular wall or irregular shape of the ventricle; (E) abnormal shape or orientation of the sulci; (F) hemispheric asymmetry; (G) non-continuous cerebral cortex; (H) intraparenchymal echogenic nodules; (I) persistent ganglionic eminence (GE) or GE cavitation; (J) abnormal cortical lamination.95 fetuses were included in the study.

Primary and Metastatic Pancreatic Ewing Sarcomas: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Ewing sarcomas are rare tumors arising mainly in the bones and the surrounding soft tissues. Primary extraosseous Ewing sarcomas have also been described in several other organs and locations other than bones, including the pancreas. These tumors have well-defined histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characteristics.

Incidence and Predictors of Later Epilepsy in Neonates with Encephalopathy: The Impact of Electrographic Seizures.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of later epilepsy in full-term infants with neonatal encephalopathy (NE) who undergo continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring in the neonatal period and to identify potential predictors of later epilepsy both in infants with and without electrographic neonatal seizures (ENS).

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study performed at Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland, between 2003 and 2019. All term infants with NE had a minimum of 2 h of cEEG monitoring in the neonatal period.

Embolisation of an acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation.

A G5P2+2 woman in her 30s presented to hospital with per vaginum (PV) bleeding, approximately 2 weeks post electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) for retained products of conception. Ultrasound and MRI demonstrated a large vascular myometrial lesion, suggestive of a uterine arteriovenous malformation (UAVM). She underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with interventional radiology and simultaneous uterine artery embolisation (UAE).

Bromine signature coded derivatization LC-MS for specific profiling of carboxyl or carbonyl-containing metabolites in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Carboxyl or carbonyl-containing metabolites (CoCCMs) are widely distributed in biological samples. Global profiling of CoCCMs is essential for ascertaining specific functions of metabolites and their potential physiological roles in biogenic activities. However, simultaneous determination of these compounds is hampered by poor ionization efficiency, vast polarity differences, wide discrepancy of concentration ranges.

Medical software as a virtual service: A multifaceted approach to telemedicine through software-as-a-service and user-centric features.

Background: This article presents medical software-as-a-virtual service platform, a comprehensive telemedicine solution integrating software-as-a-service principles with user-centric features to enhance healthcare service efficiency, accessibility, and patient-provider interaction.

Methods: Medical software-as-a-virtual service employs a multifaceted approach, incorporating a robust questionnaire system for data collection and an empathetic virtual agent module to facilitate nuanced patient-provider interactions. The platform prioritizes privacy and data security through advanced encryption standard encryption and data anonymization, aligning with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act standards.

Stringent Regulations of Oocyte Donation Among Jewish Women in Israel: Characteristics and Outcomes of the National Oocyte Donation Program in One Central IVF Unit.

On September 5, 2010, the Israeli Parliament passed a law that allows Israeli female residents to donate their oocytes to infertile Israeli female residents. This law includes unique restrictions that do not exist in other countries. Our aim was to characterize Israeli oocyte donors and recipients and the outcomes of the oocyte donation program as regulated by national law.