Comparative evaluation of dexmedetomidine and clonidine with low dose ropivacaine in cervical epidural anesthesia for modified radical mastectomy: A prospective randomized, double-blind study.

Context: Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists clonidine and dexmedetomidine, are well known to produce analgesia through an opioid independent mechanism. Alpha-2 agonists are used as an adjuvant to local anesthetic agents to extend the duration of spinal, epidural and brachial plexus blocks.

Aims: We compared clonidine and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Ropivacaine in cervical epidural anesthesia (CEA) with respect to onset and duration of sensory block, duration of analgesia and adverse effects.

A retrospective cohort study of perioperative prognostic factors associated with intra-abdominal sepsis.

Context: Intra-abdominal sepsis following laparotomy for acute abdomen remains still a challenging condition. The understanding of various perioperative risk factors by anesthesiologists are crucial in optimum management these patients.

Aims: The objective of this study is to assess the perioperative risk factors, which predicts the outcome of treatment.

Fluoroscopy guided transforaminal epidural anesthesia in ankylosing spondylitis.

A 48-year-old male patient with a long-standing history of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) presented for ureteroscopic stone removal. On preoperative assessment, tracheal intubation was likely to be difficult due to decreased cervical spine mobility. Traditional neuraxial block was impossible due to the fusion of vertebral bodies.

Serum Basal Paraoxonase 1 Activity as an Additional Liver Function Test for the Evaluation of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis.

Background: The diagnostic accuracy of currently available standard panel of liver function tests is not satisfactory for the reliable diagnosis of chronic liver disorders. Earlier studies have reported that serum basal paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity measurement may add a significant contribution to the liver function tests.

Aim: To assess whether the measurement of serum basal paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity would be useful as an index of liver function status in chronic hepatitis patients.

Extrahepatic portal-vein obstruction in pregnancy.

Background: Extrahepatic portal-vein obstruction (EHPVO) is a common cause of portal hypertension in developing countries. The main risk in pregnant women with this condition is variceal bleeding, which may be life-threatening. The objective of our study was to assess the outcome of pregnancy in women with EHPVO.

E3 ligase EDD1/UBR5 is utilized by the HPV E6 oncogene to destabilize tumor suppressor TIP60.

Tat-interacting protein of 60 kDa (TIP60) is an essential lysine acetyltransferase implicated in transcription, DNA damage response and apoptosis. TIP60 protein expression is reduced in cancers. In cervical cancers, human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 oncogene targets cellular p53, Bak and some of the PDZ domain-containing proteins for proteasome-mediated degradation through E6AP ligase.

Clinical profile of hand, foot, and mouth disease and its associated complications among children in Shimoga City, southern Karnataka: A hospital-based study.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is one of the important public health problems. It has become a common childhood illness in our part of the country. In most instances, this is a mild self-limiting illness.

Cytokeratin 14 and cytokeratin 18 expressions in reduced enamel epithelium and dentigerous cyst: Possible role in oncofetal transformation and histogenesis- of follicular type of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor.

Introduction: Odontogenic cysts and tumors arise from the structures and remnants associated with tooth development. Cysts and tumors derived from the odontogenic tissues constitute an unusually diverse group of lesions. This diversity reflects the complex development of the dental structures, since all these lesions originate through some alteration from the normal pattern of odontogenesis.

Relationship of Caffeine with Adiponectin and Blood Sugar Levels in Subjects with and without Diabetes.

Introduction: Coffee though not usually thought of as healthy food but can be treated as one of the beneficial drink. Many researchers have found strong evidence that coffee reduces the risk of several serious ailments, including diabetes, heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, etc. The long term beneficial effect of coffee on diabetes is now understood to be more influential and obliging.

Hysteroscopic septal resection using unipolar resectoscope versus bipolar resectoscope: Prospective, randomized study.

Aim: To compare the operation and reproductive outcome of hysteroscopic septal resection using unipolar resectoscope verses bipolar resectoscope.

Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 70 women underwent hysteroscopic septal resection using either unipolar resectoscope or bipolar resectoscope. Intraoperative parameters (operation time, fluid deficit and complications) and pre- and postoperative serum sodium levels were compared between the two groups.

Novel inflammatory biomarkers and their correlation to Chlamydia pneumoniae titres in acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Young stroke patients constitute 15%-30% of all stroke patients in India as against 3.0%-8.5% reported from the West.

Diet-induced obesity promotes myelopoiesis in hematopoietic stem cells.

Obesity is associated with an activated macrophage phenotype in multiple tissues that contributes to tissue inflammation and metabolic disease. To evaluate the mechanisms by which obesity potentiates myeloid activation, we evaluated the hypothesis that obesity activates myeloid cell production from bone marrow progenitors to potentiate inflammatory responses in metabolic tissues. High fat diet-induced obesity generated both quantitative increases in myeloid progenitors as well as a potentiation of inflammation in macrophages derived from these progenitors.

Childhood autism spectrum disorders with and without epilepsy: clinical implications.

This prospective cross-sectional study compared 25 children with pervasive developmental disorder and epilepsy and 25 children having pervasive developmental disorder without epilepsy on pervasive developmental disorder scores, Childhood Autism Rating Scale scores, language disability, presence of regression, and epileptiform abnormalities. Epilepsy phenotype was also studied. Children with pervasive developmental disorder and epilepsy had higher pervasive developmental disorder scores (P = .

Feto-maternal outcome in pregnancies complicated by isolated fetal congenital complete heart block.

A retrospective analysis of eleven pregnancies complicated by isolated fetal congenital complete heart block (CCHB) in anti-SSA/Ro antibody positive women was carried out at a tertiary hospital in India to study the perinatal outcome. The mean gestational age at the time of detection of fetal CCHB was 24.5 ± 3.

Effectiveness of estrogen in the prevention of intrauterine adhesions after hysteroscopic septal resection: a prospective, randomized study.

Aim: The aim of this prospective randomized study was to evaluate the efficacy of estrogen in preventing intrauterine adhesions following hysteroscopic septal resection and to investigate its effect on reproductive outcome.

Materials And Methods: After hysteroscopic septal resection, 90 women received either estrogen or placebo (n=45 per group) for 30 days. A second-look hysteroscopy was performed after 2 months.

Intraperitoneal bupivacaine for pain relief after minilaparoscopy in patients with infertility.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of intraperitoneal bupivacaine to reduce post operative pain after diagnostic minilaparoscopy in patients with infertility.

Design: A prospective randomized study was performed.

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of 104 women with infertility undergoing diagnostic minilaparoscopy.

Pregnancy outcome in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Objective: To study the outcome of pregnancy in women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 30 pregnancies in 26 women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was carried out at a tertiary hospital in India. The courses of the disease, maternal and perinatal outcome in these pregnancies were studied.

Altered fructosamine and lipid fractions in subclinical hypothyroidism.

Background: Thyroid function disorders lead to changes in the lipoprotein metabolism.

Objectives: To study the lipid and the glycaemic abnormalities in the subclinical hypothyroidism cases and to compare the same with the euthyroid, overt hypothyroid and the hyperthyroid subjects.

Methodology: Four groups, euthyroid (Group-I), hypothyroid (Group-II), subclinical hypothyroid (Group-III) and hyperthyroid (Group-IV), which consisted of 30 subjects each, of either sex, who were aged 25-55 years, underwent Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), fructosamine, lipid profile and total T3, T4 and TSH estimations.

Pregnancy outcome in women with pulmonary arterial hypertension: single-center experience from India.

Background: A retrospective analysis of the records of all the patients of pulmonary arterial hypertension with pregnancy at AIIMS, New Delhi, India, to study maternal and perinatal outcome and to compare outcome between severe and mild pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of 30 pregnancies in women with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) who delivered at ≥ 28 weeks of gestation from July 2006 through July 2012 at a tertiary care center in India. Pulmonary artery blood pressure (PABP) during the first trimester of pregnancy or before pregnancy was considered to define PABP as severe or mild, with severe cases having systolic PABP >50 mmHg on echocardiography.

Heart disease in pregnancy: cardiac and obstetric outcomes.

Background: A retrospective analysis of the records of all the patients of heart disease with pregnancy at AIIMS, New Delhi, India, to find out the maternal and fetal outcome.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of 100 pregnancies in women with heart disease who delivered at ≥28 weeks of gestation from July 2009 through August 2012.

Results: Cardiac disease was found to complicate 3.

(Z)-1-aryl-3-arylamino-2-propen-1-ones, highly active stimulators of tubulin polymerization: synthesis, structure-activity relationship (SAR), tubulin polymerization, and cell growth inhibition studies.

Tubulin, the major structural component of microtubules, is a target for the development of anticancer agents. A series of (Z)-1-aryl-3-arylamino-2-propen-1-one (10) were synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity in cell-based assay. The most active compound (Z)-1-(2-bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenylamino)prop-2-en-1-one (10ae) was tested in 20 tumor cell lines including multidrug resistant phenotype and was found to induce apoptosis in all these cell lines with similar GI(50) values.

Role of serum interleukin-6 in comparing surgical stress after laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy and non-descent vaginal hysterectomy for large uteri.

Aims And Objectives: To compare the perioperative inflammatory response using interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients of laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) and non-descent vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH) for large uteri with benign disease.

Materials And Methods: Twenty women with benign uterine disease and failed medical management with size of uterus ranging from 300 to 1,500 g (12-24 weeks) were randomized into two equal groups for either technique of hysterectomy, LAVH and NDVH. Venous blood levels of IL-6 were measured preoperatively and 3, 24 and 72 h after beginning of surgery.