Dicloxacillin is an inducer of intestinal P-glycoprotein but neither dicloxacillin nor flucloxacillin increases the risk of stroke/systemic embolism in direct oral anticoagulant users.

Aim: We aimed to assess if dicloxacillin/flucloxacillin reduces the therapeutic efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and the underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods: In a randomized, crossover study, we assessed whether dicloxacillin reduces oral absorption of drugs through P-glycoprotein (P-gp) during 10 and 28 days of treatment. To study the impact of dicloxacillin/flucloxacillin on intestinal and hepatic expression of P-gp in vitro, we usd LS174T cells and 3D spheroids of primary human hepatocytes.

Antithrombotic Strategies With Left Ventricular Assist Devices.

Long-term outcomes of patients with advanced heart failure treated with durable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been augmented due to improved durability and hemocompatibility on the backbone of pump engineering enhancements. The incidence of hemocompatibility-related adverse events (pump thrombosis, stroke and nonsurgical bleeding events) are device specific and vary by type of engineered pump. A fully magnetically levitated rotor containing LVAD in concert with use of antithrombotic therapy has successfully overcome an increased risk of pump thrombosis and stroke-risk, albeit with only modest reduction in bleeding events.

Reprint of: Efficacy and safety of apixaban compared to warfarin for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

Background: This study compared the efficacy and safety of apixaban and warfarin in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD). Apixaban decreased incidence of stroke and bleeding compared with warfarin in major clinical trials that excluded patients with severe renal dysfunction. Apixaban is no longer contraindicated in patients with ESRD on HD with NVAF based on pharmacokinetic studies.

Nrf2 Ameliorates Atrial Fibrosis During Antithrombotic Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation by Modulating CYP2C9 Activity.

Anticoagulant therapy can significantly reduce the incidence of stroke and peripheral embolism events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Although warfarin is widely used as an anticoagulant drug, a wrong dose can lead to increased risks of bleeding or blood clots. The aim of this study was to assess whether nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can improve the efficacy of warfarin through the regulation of cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 (CYP2C9) using a rat model of AF.

Effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in low-weight patients with atrial fibrillation.

It remains unclear whether non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are more effective and safer than warfarin in low-weight patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, we retrospectively compared the effectiveness and safety of NOACs with those of warfarin in low-weight patients with AF. We extracted the July 2011-September 2022 data of patients with AF treated with a NOAC (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, or edoxaban) or warfarin at a tertiary hospital.

The association of haemoglobin A1c variability with adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation prescribed anticoagulants.

Aims: The association of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) variability with the risk of adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) prescribed anticoagulants remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association of HbA1c variability with the risk of ischaemic stroke (IS)/systemic embolism (SE) and all-cause mortality among patients with non-valvular AF prescribed anticoagulants.

Methods And Results: Patients newly diagnosed with AF from 2013 to 2018 were included.

Pulmonary vein stump thrombosis and organ infarction after lung lobectomy.

Lung resection surgery, which is performed as a treatment for lung cancer and metastatic lung tumors, is currently conducted via minimally invasive techniques such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and robot-assisted methods. Postoperative complications related to this surgery, such as pulmonary vein thrombosis and cerebral and other organ infarctions, have been increasingly reported. The primary cause of these complications is thrombus formation in the pulmonary vein stump.

Direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in device-detected AF.

McIntyre WF, Benz AP, Becher N, Direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with device-detected atrial fibrillation: a study-level meta-analysis of the NOAH-AFNET 6 and ARTESiA Trials. 2024;149:981-88.

Risk of Major Bleeding, Stroke/Systemic Embolism, and Death Associated With Different Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Severe Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation and severe chronic kidney disease have higher risks of bleeding, thromboembolism, and mortality. However, optimal anticoagulant choice in these high-risk patients remains unclear.

Methods And Results: Using deidentified electronic health records from the Optum Labs Data Warehouse, adults with atrial fibrillation and severe chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min per 1.

Community-based analysis of stroke prevention and effect of public interventions in atrial fibrillation: results from the ARENA project.

Background: Community-based interventions may promote awareness and adherence to atrial fibrillation (AF)-related therapies, potentially reducing adverse events. The ARENA project investigated the health status, therapies and events in AF patients in the Rhein-Neckar Region, Germany. The subproject "ARENA intervention" studied the effect of community-based interventions on AF-associated outcomes.