Are There Differences in Short-Term Postoperative Outcomes Among Surgical Subspecialists Performing Lower Extremity Flap Procedures? A National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) Analysis of 1324 Patients.

Soft tissue flaps are an integral and versatile tool to help manage soft tissue defects of varying severities. These complex procedures can be done by a variety of specialties and can lead to a variety of postoperative complications. Locoregional flaps are the middle rung of the reconstructive ladder and can be performed by surgeons of various training pathways.

Real-World Multicenter Study of PD-1 Blockade in HIV-Associated Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Across the United States.

Background: Despite a higher risk of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) in people with HIV and the demonstrated safety and efficacy of PD-1 blockade in cHL, there are limited data on the use of these agents in HIV-associated cHL (HIV-cHL).

Patients/methods: We retrospectively identified patients with HIV-cHL from the "Cancer Therapy using Checkpoint inhibitors in People with HIV-International (CATCH-IT)" database who received nivolumab or pembrolizumab, alone or in combination with other agents, and reviewed records for demographics, disease characteristics, immune-mediated adverse events (imAEs), and treatment outcomes. Changes in CD4 T-cell counts with treatment were measured via Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.

The prevalence and impact of psychiatric comorbidities on hospitalized inflammatory bowel disease patients in the United States: insights from the National Inpatient Sample from 2009-2018.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of anxiety and mood disorders. This study examines the temporal trends and clinical impact of anxiety and mood disorder diagnoses in hospitalized IBD patients in the United States during a 10-year period.

Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample from 2009-2018, all IBD-related discharges in adults were analyzed.

Bulk T-cell receptor sequencing confirms clonality in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis and identifies a food-specific repertoire.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) involves a chronic immune-mediated response to dietary antigens. Recent work identifies T-cell clonality in children with EoE, however, it is unknown whether this is true in adults or whether there is a restricted food-specific T-cell repertoire. We sought to confirm T-cell receptor (TCR) clonality in EoE and assess for differences with specific food triggers.

Obesity Modifies the Relationship Between Raltegravir and Dolutegravir Hair Concentrations and Body Weight Gain in Women Living with HIV.

Integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are associated with weight gain in women living with HIV (WLH). Relationships between drug exposure, baseline obesity, and INSTI-associated weight gain remain unclear. Data from 2006 to 2016 were analyzed from virally suppressed WLH enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, who switched/added an INSTI to antiretroviral therapy: [raltegravir (RAL), dolutegravir (DTG), or elvitegravir (EVG)].

Spermatic cord abscess: Case report and imaging findings.

Spermatic cord abscess is a rare condition usually associated with other genitourinary infections. We present a case of a 49-year-old male with past medical history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. He presented with right groin swelling and pain for a week.

Treatment Differences for Adrenocortical Carcinoma by Race and Insurance Status.

Introduction: To determine if treatment and clinical outcomes of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) vary by race and insurance status.

Methods: ACC patients from the National Cancer Database (2004-2017) were reviewed. Race was defined as White versus minority (Black and Hispanic).

Editorial: COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-but many unanswered questions remain. Authors' reply.

This article is linked to Bhurwal et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.

Effectiveness and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Introduction: There are concerns regarding the effectiveness and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis comprehensively summarises the available literature regarding the safety and effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in IBD.

Methods: Three independent reviewers performed a comprehensive review of all original articles describing the response of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with IBD.

A comparison of 9-min colonoscopy withdrawal time and 6-min colonoscopy withdrawal time: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The optimal colonoscopy withdrawal time is still a controversial topic. While several studies demonstrate that longer withdrawal time improves adenoma detection rate, others have contradicted these findings.

Methods: Three independent reviewers performed a comprehensive review of all original articles published from inception to January 2021 and included studies reporting comparison of the two cohorts-(i) ≥ 6 but less than 9 min of colonoscopy withdrawal time (CWT) and (ii) ≥ 9 min of CWT.

Readmission, healthcare consumption, and mortality in Clostridioides difficile infection hospitalizations: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: Despite being the most common healthcare-related infection in the US, nationwide data on readmission, healthcare consumption, and mortality in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remain limited. We examined these outcomes in a US-based cohort of patients with CDI.

Methods: We queried the 2017 Nationwide Readmission Database using ICD-10-CM codes to identify all adult patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of CDI.

Timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in acute biliary pancreatitis without cholangitis: a nationwide inpatient cohort study.

Background: The timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis without cholangitis is unclear. We accessed a national database to analyze the outcomes of urgent (<24 h) and early (24-72 h) ERCP in this cohort.

Methods: The cohort was extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.

No Significant Difference in Post-ERCP Bleeding Rates Between Dual Antiplatelet Agents and Aspirin Alone: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Several professional society guidelines suggest holding antiplatelet agents before high-risk procedures. However, there is lack of high-grade evidence to support the recommendation as most of the studies have been single center with small sample sizes. We aimed to perform the first systematic review and meta-analysis comparing dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) versus aspirin alone in terms of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) bleeding.

EUS guided pancreatic duct decompression in surgically altered anatomy or failed ERCP - A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Introduction: EUS-PD (EUS guided pancreatic duct drainage) is classified into two types: EUS-guided rendezvous techniques and EUS-guided PD stenting. Prior studies showed significant variation in terms of technical success, clinical success and adverse events.

Methods: Three independent reviewers performed a comprehensive review of all original articles published from inception to June 2020, describing pancreatic duct drainage utilizing EUS.

Safety and Efficacy of Thrombin for Bleeding Gastric Varices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: The optimal therapy for bleeding-related gastric varices is still a controversial topic. There is a paucity of literature that comprehensively summarizes the available literature regarding safety and efficacy of thrombin in bleeding gastric varices.

Methods: Four independent reviewers performed a comprehensive review of all original articles published from inception to October 2020, describing the use of thrombin for management of bleeding gastric varices.

Evaluation of a U.S. National Cohort to Determine Utilization in Colectomy Rates for Ulcerative Colitis Among Ethnicities.

Background: Colectomy is the curative management for ulcerative colitis (UC). Multiple studies have reported racial disparities for colectomy before the advent of anti-TNF alpha agents. The aim of this study was to describe racial and geographic differences in colectomy rates among hospitalized patients with UC after anti-TNF therapy was introduced.

Representation of women, older patients, ethnic, and racial minorities in trials of atrial fibrillation.

Background: Representation trends of women, older adults, and ethnic/racial minorities in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of atrial fibrillation (AF) are uncertain.

Methods: We systematically reviewed 134 AF related RCTs (phase II and III) encompassing 149,162 participants using Medline and ClinicalTrials.gov through April 2019 to determine representation trends of women, older patients (≥75 years), and ethnic/racial minorities.

The role of endoscopic doppler probe in the management of bleeding peptic ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Forrest classification for ulceration has significant intra and inter-observer variability. The endoscopic doppler probe (DOP-US) identifies arterial blood flow at the base to direct therapy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the role of the DOP-US in bleeding peptic ulcers.

Gastrointestinal fistula endoscopic closure techniques.

With the improvement in flexible endoscopic technology and the availability of new endoscopic devices, current endoscopic therapies spare many patients who would otherwise undergo surgical repair of gastrointestinal fistulas. These endoscopic techniques include gastrointestinal stents, endoscopic suturing, cardiac septal occluders, endo-sponge, vacuum therapy and others. This review elaborates on the indications, evidence, procedural details, efficacy, and complications of various endoscopic techniques for the management of gastrointestinal fistulas.

Direct-Acting Antiviral Hepatitis C Treatment Cascade and Barriers to Treatment Initiation Among US Men and Women With and Without HIV.

Background: People with HIV are disproportionately coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and experience accelerated liver-related mortality. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) yield high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates, but uptake is suboptimal. This study characterizes the DAA-era HCV treatment cascade and barriers among US men and women with or at risk for HIV.

Metabolic Changes Associated With the Use of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Among Virally Controlled Women.

Background: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have been associated with weight gain among women living with HIV. We aimed to investigate the association between INSTIs and change in cardiometabolic risk indicators.

Setting: Retrospective cohort.

Imaging in Vaping-associated Lung Injury: Beyond the Haze.

E-cigarette or vaping, product associated lung injury is a rampant public health issue with a total of 2807 reported hospitalized patients in the United States as of February 18, 2020. Limited data, non-specific symptoms, non-responsiveness to antibiotics, and the lack of a specific biomarker, make it a diagnosis of exclusion. Overlap of clinical and imaging findings with other ongoing respiratory illness (MERS, SARS and COVID-19) poses a challenge in accurate diagnosis.

Linear scleroderma en coup de sabre presenting with seizures.

Scleroderma is a rare connective tissue disorder categorized into systemic sclerosis and localized scleroderma, also called morphea. Linear scleroderma of the scalp, also called en coup de sabre, is infrequently associated with neurologic symptoms. We describe a case of linear scleroderma en coup de sabre in a 28-year-old female presenting with seizures and characteristic cutaneous lesions.