Pyrroloquinoline quinone-loaded coaxial nanofibers prevent oxidative stress after spinal cord injury.

Oxidative stress plays a major role in the secondary injury of the spinal cord tissue due to the high lipid content of nervous tissue. In the present study, coaxial nanofibers were loaded with the natural antioxidant pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and used as an implantable drug-delivery system and a scaffold post-SCI. The obtained data show that the concentration of NO and the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were significantly ( < 0.

Perceived Stress During Late Pregnancy and Infant Body Composition at 1 Month.

Context: Worldwide, obesity remains one of the most challenging crises with children being one of the most susceptible populations. The effect of maternal stress during pregnancy on newborn body composition, measured by fat mass and lean mass has, not been extensively studied.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between perceived stress during late pregnancy and infant adiposity at 1 month and assessed effect modification by infant sex and preterm birth.

Relaxation and Performance During Microsurgical Learning.

Microsurgical learning is a difficult and stressful process, requiring self-control to achieve relaxation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate peripheral and central nervous system relaxation during microsurgical training. This cohort study included ten medical students with no previous experience in microsurgery.

Stimuli-responsive benzothiazole-phenothiazine derivatives: mechanochromism, AIE, acid sensing, and anticancer efficacy in benzo[]pyrene-induced cancer models.

Mechanofluorochromic (MFC) materials are emerging as a versatile candidate for optoelectronic and biomedical applications. In the present work, we designed and synthesized four MFC materials, namely BT-PTZ-1, BT-PTZ-2, BT-PTZO-1, and BT-PTZO-2, using Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. These materials possess benzothiazole (BT) as an acceptor moiety and different donors, including phenothiazine (PTZ) and triphenylamine (TPA), with variations in their spacer units.

Physical scaling for predicting shear viscosity and memory effects of lithium-ion battery cathode slurries.

Lithium-ion battery cathodes are manufactured by coating slurries, liquid suspensions that typically include carbon black (CB), active material, and polymer binder. These slurries have a yield stress and complex rheology due to CB's microstructural response to flow. While optimizing the formulation and processing of slurries is critical to manufacturing defect-free and high-performance cathodes, engineering the shear rheology of cathode slurries remains challenging.

Maternal History of Child Maltreatment Predicts Dysregulated Offspring Stress Response System Functioning.

Identifying proximal and multigenerational distal risk mechanisms through which adversity exposure may shape neuroendocrine dysregulation among children is critical to advancing effective preventive interventions for adversity-exposed individuals. Utilizing longitudinal data ( = 247), the current study examined maternal and offspring history of childhood maltreatment (CM) as predictors of offspring cortisol/DHEA ratios, and, in exploratory analyses, extended this longitudinally to offspring depressive symptoms in young adulthood. Youth (ages 8-13 years) initially attended a research camp, then were followed up approximately eight years later (ages 18-22 years).

EMDR Interventions in Refugees and Asylum Seekers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Both refugees and asylum seekers exhibit poorer mental health and higher rates of mental disorders, particularly posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), for which EMDR therapy has been shown to be effective. This review analyses the efficacy of EMDR in reducing PTDS in refugees or asylum seekers using randomized controlled studies (RCTs). A systematic review and meta-analysis published in PROSPERO (CRD42024595506) using the databases PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science were conducted.

Biomechanics of soft biological tissues and organs, mechanobiology, homeostasis and modelling.

The human body consists of many different soft biological tissues that exhibit diverse microstructures and functions and experience diverse loading conditions. Yet, under many conditions, the mechanical behaviour of these tissues can be described well with similar nonlinearly elastic or inelastic constitutive relations, both in health and some diseases. Such constitutive relations are essential for performing nonlinear stress analyses, which in turn are critical for understanding physiology, pathophysiology and even clinical interventions, including surgery.

An Oxidative Stress Nanoamplifier to Enhance the Efficacy of Cisplatin in Head and Neck Cancer.

Cisplatin (CP) is a first-line platinum-based drug used for the treatment of head and neck cancer. However, tumor cells can diminish the therapeutic effects of CP through the detoxification system mediated by glutathione (GSH) and the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Herein, we present a light-activable and pH-responsive oxidative stress nanoamplifier (FPLC@IR OSNA), comprising an amphiphilic compound (FPLC) with Fmoc-lysine acting as a connector between a nitroimidazole derivative and a pH-responsive cinnamaldehyde (CA) derivative, loaded with photosensitizer IR780.

Mechanistic Insights into the Apoptosis of Cancer Cells Induced by a Kinase-Responsive Peptide Amphiphile.

Organelle targeting is a useful approach in drug development for cancer therapy. Peptide amphiphiles are good candidates for targeting specific organelles because they can be engineered into a wide range of molecular structures, enabling customization for specific functional needs. We have developed a peptide amphiphile, C16-(EY)3, that can respond to tyrosine kinase activity and undergo phosphorylation inside cancer cells.

In-situ Polymerization Induced Seed-Root Anchoring Structure for Enhancing Stability and Efficiency in Perovskite Solar Modules.

The escape of organic cations over time from defective perovskite interface leads to non-stoichiometric terminals, significantly affecting the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). How to stabilize the interface composition under environmental stress remains a grand challenge. To address this issue, we utilize thiol-functionalized particles as a "seed" and conduct in situ polymerization of 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA) as a "root" at the bottom of the perovskite layer.

Top-Down Strategy Enabling Elastic Wood Nanocarbon Sponges with Wrinkled Multilayer Structure and High Compressive Strength for High-Performance Compressible Supercapacitors.

3D porous carbon electrodes have attracted significant attention for advancing compressible supercapacitors (SCs) in flexible electronics. The micro- and nanoscale architecture critically influences the mechanical and electrochemical performance of these electrodes. However, achieving a balance between high compressive strength, electrochemical stability, and cost-effective sustainable production remains challenging.

Investigating how reproductive traits in rice respond to abiotic stress.

Oryza sativa is one of the most important crops and a food source for billions of people. Anthropic global warming, soil erosion, and unstable environmental conditions affect both its vegetative and reproductive growth, and consequently the final yield of its cultivation. The reproductive phase starts with the transition of apical meristem from vegetative to reproductive, which develops into a panicle, proceeds through the differentiation of the floret, and, after fertilization, the filling of the grain.

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles via Sternbergia candida: Enhancing Antioxidant Defense and Mitigating Salt Stress in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plants.

Nanoparticles enhance agricultural applications with their bioactivity, bioavailability, and reactivity. Selenium mitigates the adverse effects of salinity on plant growth, boosting antioxidant defense, metabolism, and resilience to abiotic stress. Our study applied selenium nanoparticles to mitigate salinity-induced damage and support plant growth.

Effects of 60 Hz Non- Uniform Electromagnetic Fields on Tomato (cv L-05) Seed Germination, Photosynthesis and Seedling Growth Under Salt Stress Conditions.

Effects of 60 Hz non-uniform electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the tomato (cv. L-05) seed germination, photosynthesis, and seedling growth under salt stress and laboratory conditions were investigated. A previous trial investigated the impact of salt stress levels (0, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mM NaCl) on tomato seeds, and the 100 mM NaCl level was selected to study the effects of EMFs in attenuating salinity stress on germination, physiology, and growth of tomato seedlings.

Left Atrial Markers in Diagnosing and Prognosticating Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathies: Ready for Prime Time?

The left atrium (LA) is pivotal in cardiac hemodynamics, serving as a dynamic indicator of left ventricular (LV) compliance and diastolic function. The LA undergoes structural and functional adaptations in response to hemodynamic stress, infiltrative processes, myocardial injury, and arrhythmic triggers. Remodeling of the LA in response to these stressors directly impacts pulmonary circulation, eventually leading to pulmonary capillary involvement, pulmonary artery hypertension, and eventually right ventricular failure.

Integrative Analyses of Biomarkers and Pathways in Oxidative Stress-Related Genes for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Problem: Oxidative stress (OS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but it was not well understood. We aimed to investigate the biomarkers and underlying mechanisms of OS-related genes in GDM.

Method Of Study: The GSE103552 and GSE70493 datasets of GDM were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Engineered Cell Membrane-Coated Keratin Nanoparticles Attenuated Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Remodeling the Disc Microenvironment.

Characterized by a cascade of profound changes in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and biomechanics, intervertebral disc degeneration is a common multifactorial condition that may lead to various degenerative lumbar disorders. Therapeutic strategies targeting a single factor have shown limited efficacy in treating disc degeneration, and approaches that address multiple pathological ingredients are barely reported. In this study, engineered cell membrane-encapsulated keratin nanoparticles are developed to simultaneously alleviate NP cell senescence and promote ECM remodeling.

Association Between Joint Line Convergence Angle and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.

Background: A larger joint line convergence angle (JLCA) increases the stress load on the medial compartment. Few reports, however, have discussed the effect of the JLCA on the cartilage status and clinical outcomes after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO).

Purpose/hypothesis: To reveal the effect of the JLCA on clinical results after OWHTO.

Effect of a Nurse-Led Omaha System-Based Mobile Health Application in Managing Symptoms and Enhancing Quality of Life in Patients With a Communicable Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study investigated the effects of a nurse-led Omaha System-based mobile health application on physical, psychosocial, and cognitive symptoms and quality of life in patients with COVID-19 followed at home. This randomized control trial was conducted on 60 patients followed at home (30 in each intervention and control group). The intervention group received a nurse-led Omaha System-based mobile health application named COVOS, and the control group received usual care.

Plant-based eating pattern and psychological symptoms: a cross-sectional survey among patients with migraine.

Objectives: The present study evaluated the association between plant-based diet index (PDI) and psychological symptoms, including depressive symptoms, stress, and anxiety among Iranian women diagnosed with migraine headaches.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 262 patients with migraine (aged 20-50 years; body mass index, 18.5-30 kg/m²).

Mechanism of Exogenous Melatonin to Alleviate the Fermentation Performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Under Copper Stress.

Melatonin is involved in biological adverse stress response and enhances the ability of yeast to adapt to adverse conditions. This study investigated the mechanism of exogenous melatonin addition to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) under copper stress.

Larvicidal activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Lavandula dentata and Nerium oleander flowers against the vector of avian malaria Culiseta longiareolata.

In light of the adverse effects of chemical insecticides on the environment and human health, as well as the development of mosquito resistance to them, this study explores the potential of methanol and aqueous flower extracts from Lavandula dentata and Nerium oleander as bioinsecticides against Culiseta longiareolata mosquitoes. Additionally, it aims to assess the impact of these extracts on enzymatic biomarkers and biochemical composition of fourth instar larvae of Culiseta longiareolata.Qualitative analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenes, gallic and catechic tannins in both plant extracts.

Anthelmintic activity and pathophysiological effect of Allium sativum crude extract against carcinogenic liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini.

Opisthorchis viverrini poses a substantial risk for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in Thailand. Despite praziquantel (PZQ) remains the primary treatment for opisthorchiasis, its association with adverse effects and potential CCA development during prolonged treatment, particularly in cases of reinfection and chronic infection, underscores the imperative for alternative herbal interventions with anthelmintic potential. In this context, a prior study suggested the inhibitory effects of Allium sativum L.

Demonstration of passive, nonlinear, and active devices on a hybrid photonic platform.

The monolithic fabrication of passive, nonlinear, and active functionalities on a single chip is highly desired in the wake of the development and commercialization of integrated photonic platforms. However, the co-integration of diverse functionalities has been challenging as each platform is optimized for specific applications, typically requiring different structures and fabrication flows. In this article, we report on a monolithic and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor CMOS-compatible hybrid wafer-scale photonics platform that is suitable for linear, nonlinear, and active photonics based on moderate confinement 0.