Selenium-Doped Copper Formate Nanozymes with Antisenescence and Oxidative Stress Reduction for Atherosclerosis Treatment.

Atherosclerosis, resulting from chronic inflammation of the arterial wall, serves as the underlying cause of multiple major cardiovascular diseases. Current anti-inflammatory therapies often exhibit limited and unsatisfactory efficacy. To address this, we have designed a selenium-doped copper formate (Cuf-Se) nanozyme for the treatment of atherosclerosis, which possesses superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activities.

Multi-Omics Assessment of Puff Volume-Mediated Salivary Biomarkers of Metal Exposure and Oxidative Injury Associated with Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems.

Background: Since their inception, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have gained increasing popularity, sparking a vaping epidemic among adolescents in the US and globally. Several ENDS safety concerns have emerged as device features and formats that contribute to heavy metal exposure and toxicity continue to evolve and outpace regulatory efforts.

Objectives: Our objective was to integrate ENDS emission profiles with salivary proteome and metabolome data to characterize exposure factors that may influence adverse vaping-mediated health outcomes.

IRE1 is a Promising Therapeutic Target in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, characterized by an increasing incidence and unfavorable prognosis. Despite recent advances, surgical resection combined with chemotherapy remains the only potentially curative therapeutic option. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to identify novel therapeutic targets and develop effective treatment strategies.

Emergence of antibiotic-specific phenotypes during prolonged treatment of mice.

A major challenge in tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics is that antibiotic exposure leads to changes in the physiology of (), which may enable the pathogen to withstand treatment. While antibiotic-treated has been evaluated in experiments it is unclear if and how long-term treatment with diverse antibiotics with varying treatment-shortening activity (sterilizing activity) affects physiologic processes differently. Here, we used SEARCH-TB, a pathogen-targeted RNA-sequencing platform, to characterize the transcriptome in the BALB/c high-dose aerosol infection mouse model following 4 weeks of treatment with three sterilizing and three non-sterilizing antibiotics.

Case for Establishing a National Stroke Activation Fee in the United States: Learning From Trauma Centers.

There is a large burden of stroke in the United States, and extensive systems of care have been established to address it. The resources devoted to stroke centers are analogous to those of trauma centers, both sharing many strict requirements for certification, clinical preparedness, quality improvement, data management, and reporting. However, trauma programs partly defray these costs through a trauma activation billing code, a billable fee that is charged for activation of the trauma team under strict criteria.

Evaluating self-efficacy as a treatment mechanism during an intensive treatment program for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Objective: Although traumatic exposures are common, only a small percentage of people exposed to trauma go on to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This phenomenon suggests that there may be psychological factors that influence posttraumatic recovery trajectories. Beliefs about one's ability to cope with traumatic events have been proposed as a mechanism of posttraumatic recovery.

Infection Reinforces the Defense Reactions in - Roots to the Detriment of Nodules.

, able to establish symbiosis with mutualistic bacteria of the genus , is one of the main species in European riparian environments, where it performs numerous biological and socio-economic functions. However, riparian ecosystems face a growing threat from , a highly aggressive waterborne pathogen causing severe dieback in . To date, the tripartite interaction between the host plant, the symbiont and the pathogen remains unexplored but is critical for understanding how pathogen-induced stress influences the nodule molecular machinery and so on the host-symbiont metabolism.

Pubertal timing as a predictor of epigenetic aging and mortality risk in young adulthood.

Early pubertal timing is associated with adverse health in adulthood. These effects may be mediated by DNA methylation changes associated with accelerated cellular aging and mortality risk, but few studies tested associations between pubertal timing and epigenetic markers in adulthood. Additionally, pubertal timing effects often vary by sex and are understudied in diverse youth.

3D polycatenated architected materials.

Architected materials derive their properties from the geometric arrangement of their internal structural elements. Their designs rely on continuous networks of members to control the global mechanical behavior of the bulk. In this study, we introduce a class of materials that consist of discrete concatenated rings or cage particles interlocked in three-dimensional networks, forming polycatenated architected materials (PAMs).

Child sleep problems mediate prospective associations between fathers' parenting stress and child blood glucose levels.

The present study examined the role of first-time fathers' parenting stress during infancy in relation to children's mean blood glucose via glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels during middle childhood while also exploring the mediating role of child sleep problems in this association. A total of 306 fathers self-reported on parenting stress when their children were 10 months old (49% of girls). Fathers also reported on child sleep problems when their children were 24 months old.

Combined Analysis of the Leaf Metabolome, Lipidome, and Candidate Gene Function: Insights into Genotypic Variation in Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency in .

Stylo () exhibits excellent tolerance to low-phosphate (Pi) availability, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for improving the phosphorus (P) utilization efficiency (PUE) remain unclear. This study employed metabolomics, lipidomics, and gene expression analyses to investigate the differential responses to low-Pi stress between the high-PUE genotype CF047827 and the cultivar Reyan No. 2.

Network-Based Drug Optimization toward the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: NRF2, MAO-B, Oxidative Stress, and Chronic Neuroinflammation.

Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affects around 10 million people worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease marked by dopaminergic neuron loss with oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation as key pathological drivers. Current treatments focus on dopamine replacement and are symptomatic, underscoring the urgent need for disease-modifying therapies.

Sex-Specific Mechanisms of Fluoride-Induced Gonadal Injury: A Multi-Omics Investigation into Reproductive Toxicity and Gut Microbiota Disruption.

Fluoride, a common agricultural additive used to enhance plant resilience and pest control, poses toxicity risks when exposure surpasses safe thresholds, affecting ecosystems and human health. While its reproductive toxicity is recognized, the sex-specific and cross-generational effects remain underexplored. To address this gap, we employed an integrative approach combining transcriptomics (next-generation sequencing (NGS)), bioinformatic network analysis, gut microbiota sequencing, and functional assays.

Combined Toxicity Assessment of Deoxynivalenol and Pb on HK-2 Cells Involved in Excessive ROS-Induced Ferroptosis.

The cocontamination of food by several mycotoxins and heavy metals poses significant health risks, and their combined toxic effects remain poorly understood. Particularly, specific studies exploring their combined impact on ferroptosis remain limited. In this work, we investigated the combined toxic effects of a mycotoxin, called deoxynivalenol (DON), and a heavy metal, called plumbum (Pb), and explored the potential mechanisms of DON and Pb co-occurrence via excessive ROS-induced ferroptosis in HK-2 cells.

Emerging Trends in Secondary Metabolite Research in Caryophyllales: Betalains and Their Roles in Plant Adaptation and Defense Mechanisms.

Betalains, a distinctive group of nitrogen-containing pigments exclusive to the Caryophyllales order, possess diverse biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, making them highly valuable for applications in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. This Review provides a comprehensive analysis of betalain biosynthesis, structural diversity, and ecological significance, highlighting their roles in enhancing stress resilience, adaptation mechanisms, and plant evolutionary strategies. The evolutionary development of betalains is explored, revealing their emergence through gene duplication events and providing insights into their mutual exclusivity with anthocyanins.

Investigation of the Effects of Light, Darkness, and Dim Light on Rat Brain Tissue: A Biochemical and Histological Study.

This study evaluates acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity levels, oxidative stress parameters, histopathological findings, and serum melatonin levels in rat brain tissue. 32 male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control, Light, Dark, Dim light ( = 8 each group). After a 30 day experiment, brain tissues were collected to measure AChE, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and conduct histopathological analyses.

PEDOT/Polypyrrole Core-Sheath Fibers for Use as Conducting Polymer Artificial Muscles.

Electropolymerized polypyrrole (PPy) is considered as one of the promising polymers for use in ionic-electroactive or conducting polymer (CP) actuators. Its electromechanical properties surpass those of other prominent CPs such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT/PSS) or polyaniline. However, freestanding and linear contracting actuator fibers made solely of electropolymerized PPy are not available yet.

Risk and Protective Factors for the Evolution of Subthreshold Depression During Early Adolescence.

Purpose: Subthreshold depression refers to a condition involving clinically significant depressive symptoms that fall short of meeting the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD). Identifying risk and protective factors associated with the progression of subthreshold depression in early life is essential for timely prevention. However, there is limited research on this topic among early adolescents.

App-Based Coaching to Prevent Addictive Behaviors in Vocational School Students: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Purpose: This two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an app-based addiction prevention program in German vocational school students.

Methods: Schools from 5 German federal states were recruited. No eligibility criteria for classes were applied; enrollment decisions were made by school heads or teachers.

Damage activates EXG1 and RLP44 to suppress vascular differentiation during regeneration in Arabidopsis.

Plants possess remarkable regenerative abilities to form de novo vasculature after damage and in response to pathogens that invade and withdraw nutrients. To look for common factors that affect vascular formation upon stress, we searched for Arabidopsis thaliana genes differentially expressed upon Agrobacterium infection, nematode infection and plant grafting. One such gene was cell wall related and highly induced by all three stresses and was named ENHANCED XYLEM AND GRAFTING1 (EXG1) since mutations in it promoted ectopic xylem formation in Vascular cell Induction culture System Using Arabidopsis Leaves (VISUAL) and enhanced graft formation.

Tension-induced organelle stress: an emerging target in fibrosis.

Fibrosis accounts for approximately one-third of disease-related deaths globally. Current therapies fail to cure fibrosis, emphasizing the need to identify new antifibrotic approaches. Fibrosis is defined by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and resultant stiffening of tissue stroma.

The impact of deicer and anti-icer use on plant communities in stormwater detention basins: Characterizing salt stress and phytoremediation potential.

We present the results of a 1-year study that quantified salt levels in stormwater, soils, and plant tissues from 14 stormwater detention basins across Northern VA in an above-average snow year. We characterize (1) the level of salt stress plants experience, (2) the extent to which current plant communities feature salt tolerant species, and (3) the capacity of these species to phytoremediate soils and reduce the impacts of deicer and anti-icer use. Our results suggest that detention basin vegetation experience a range of salt stress levels that depend on drainage area type (roads: moderate to high > parking lots: low to moderate > pervious areas: none).

Multidimensional sleep health and cognitive function across adulthood.

Study Objectives: Sleep is essential for proper function of the mind and body. Studies report the effect of sleep problems on cognition but focus on only a single or limited number of sleep indicators or on clinical populations (e.g.

A comparative study on in vitro models of necrotizing enterocolitis induced by single and combined stimulation.

Background And Study Aims: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in neonates. In vitro model is an indispensable tool to study the pathogenesis of NEC. This study explored the effects of different stress factors on intestinal injury in vitro.